Penyebab Mata Kering Sebelah dan Cara Mengatasinya

Penyebab Mata Kering Sebelah dan Cara Mengatasinya
Ilustrasi mata kering sebelah. Credit: Freepik

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Mata kering sering dialami ketika menggunakan lensa kontak dalam waktu yang lama atau terlalu lama memandang layar. Umumnya mata kering terjadi di kedua mata, namun kondisi ini juga bisa dialami pada satu mata saja. Apa penyebab mata kering sebelah? Simak ulasannya berikut ini.

 

Gejala Mata Kering Satu Sisi Mata

Meskipun jarang terjadi, namun Anda dapat mengalami mata kering hanya pada satu mata. Gejala dan penyebabnya mirip dengan kondisi mata kering pada kedua mata. Namun, gejala yang muncul dapat bervariasi tergantung pada penyebab yang mendasarinya.

Beberapa gejala yang dapat muncul antara lain:

  • Gatal
  • Mata terasa berpasir
  • Nyeri, terbakar, atau kemerahan pada mata
  • Penglihatan kabur
  • Kesulitan memakai lensa kontak
  • Kelelahan mata
  • Rasa perih

Baca Juga: Memilih Lensa Kontak Jika Memiliki Mata Kering

 

Penyebab Mata Kering di Satu Sisi Mata

Secara umum terdapat dua jenis mata kering, yaitu: 

Mata kering evaporatif (EDE)

Mata kering evaporatif atau evaporative dry eye (EDE) adalah kondisi mata kering yang paling sering terjadi. Mata kering akibat penguapan yang berlebihan ini terjadi ketika mata memproduksi air mata yang cukup namun terlalu cepat menguap sehingga mata terasa mudah kering. 

Penyebab kondisi ini pada umumnya adalah adanya gangguan pada kelenjar meibom, yang merujuk pada penyumbatan kelenjar yang menghasilkan lapisan minyak pada lapisan air mata.

Gejala mata kering evaporatif antara lain:

  • Mata kering atau gatal
  • Mata merah
  • Mata terbakar
  • Mata lelah
  • Mata bengkak
  • Sensitivitas terhadap cahaya
  • Mata berkerak
  • Mata berair berlebihan

Penurunan produksi air mata

Mata kering juga bisa disebabkan oleh kondisi kekurangan produksi air mata atau aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE). Kondisi ini terjadi ketika kelenjar lakrimal, yaitu kelenjar yang bertugas mengeluarkan air mata, tidak dapat menghasilkan cukup air mata untuk menjaga permukaan mata tetap sehat.

Penyebab kekurangan produksi air mata antara lain:

  • Penyakit Sjögren, yaitu penyakit autoimun yang menyerang kelenjar penghasil air liur dan mata 
  • Peradangan atau disfungsi kelenjar lakrimal
  • Penyumbatan pada kelenjar lakrimal
  • Konsumsi obat-obatan sistemik seperti dekongestan dan antihistamin

Gejalanya meliputi:

  • Mata kering terus-menerus
  • Mata merah
  • Mata iritasi atau berpasir
  • Kelelahan mata
  • Sensitivitas cahaya
  • Mata berair

Selain penyebab di atas, banyak orang mengalami mata kering sebelah akibat adanya penyumbatan fisik pada kelenjar lakrimal yang bukan disebabkan oleh sindrom Sjögren.

Perlu juga diketahui bahwa terkadang gejala mata kering hanya muncul di salah satu sisi mata, meskipun kondisi ini sebenarnya mungkin terjadi di kedua mata. Faktor lain seperti pascaoperasi LASIK atau operasi katarak juga dapat menyebabkan mata kering. 

Baca Juga: Cara Mengatasi Mata Kering Akibat Penggunaan Lensa Kontak

 

Penanganan Mata Kering

Penanganan mata kering perlu disesuaikan dengan penyebabnya. Jika mata kering disebabkan oleh gangguan pada kelenjar lakrimal, dokter dapat merekomendasikan pengobatan yang sesuai dengan kondisi mata. 

Jika mata kering disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan dan gaya hidup, penanganan bisa diberikan dengan perawatan rumahan yang disesuaikan dengan jenis dan tingkat keparahan kondisi penyakit. Beberapa cara penanganan mata kering antara lain:

  • Menggunakan obat tetes mata
  • Penekanan kelenjar meibom
  • Kompres hangat dan pijat kelopak mata
  • Hindari lingkungan yang kering atau berangin
  • Gunakan pelembap udara untuk mencegah udara kering
  • Menghindari penggunaan komputer atau screen time berlebihan
  • Pembersihan kelopak mata secara teratur dengan sabun lembut atau produk pembersih kelopak mata
  • Menggunakan lensa kontak khusus
  • Tindakan penyinaran atau bedah sesuai anjuran dokter 

 

Gangguan mata kering dapat terjadi pada satu atau kedua mata. Mata kering di satu mata merupakan kondisi yang jarang terjadi dan umumnya disebabkan oleh adanya gangguan pada kelenjar air mata.

Jika Anda mengalami mata kering yang tidak segera sembuh sebaiknya periksakan ke dokter. Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan fitur konsultasi pada aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh melalui App Store dan Play Store

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainya? Cek di sini, yah!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Rabu, 30 Oktober 2024 | 15:13

Smith-Garcia, D. (2023). Why Do I Have Dry Eye in Just One Eye?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/why-do-i-have-dry-eye-in-one-eye#

Sissons, B. (2024). What causes dry eye symptoms in one eye?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/dry-eye-in-one-eye

Mayo Clinic. Dry Eyes. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-eyes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371863

Cleveland Cliniic. Dry Eye. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24479-dry-eye

NHS. Dry Eyes. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dry-eyes/

 Ames, H. (2024). What are the different types of dry eyes?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/types-of-dry-eye

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.03msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5441 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 9949
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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