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Benarkah Asma Kulit (Dermatitis Atopik) Tidak Bisa Disembuhkan?

Benarkah Asma Kulit (Dermatitis Atopik) Tidak Bisa Disembuhkan?
Ilustrasi asma kulit atau eksim atopik. Credit: Freepik.

Bagikan :


Asma kulit adalah salah satu masalah kulit terkait alergi yang umum ditemukan pada bayi dan anak-anak. Munculnya asma kulit terkadang membuat orang tua panik karena si kecil cenderung rewel ingin menggaruk bagian yang gatal. Seperti apa penanganan asma kulit pada anak? Simak ulasan berikut.

 

Apa Itu Asma Kulit (Eksim Atopik)?

Asma kulit dikenal juga dengan nama eksim atopik atau dermatitis atopik. Penyakit ini sering muncul untuk pertama kalinya pada anak yang berusia di bawah 5 tahun. Terkadang penyakit ini juga dapat dialami oleh remaja dan dewasa muda.

Dilansir dari Cleveland Clinic, asma kulit atau eksim adalah kondisi yang menyebabkan kulit menjadi kemerahan, kering, gatal dan berbintik-bintik. Eksim memperlemah fungsi skin barrier yang membantu melindungi kulit dan menjaga kelembapannya, sehingga kulit menjadi lebih sensitif dan rentan mengalami peradangan dan kekeringan.

Kondisi kulit ini sebenarnya tidak berbahaya. Eksim bukanlah suatu infeksi yang bisa menular pada orang lain. Menyentuh bagian yang eksim pada kulit anak tidak akan menyebabkan Anda tertular eksim. Dengan penanganan yang tepat, asma kulit atau eksim bisa mereda tanpa meninggalkan bekas.

 

Penyebab Asma Kulit (Eksim Atopik) 

Penyebab asma kulit atau eksim atopik belum dapat diketahui dengan pasti. Diduga ada beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan munculnya asma kulit, seperti faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan. 

Asma kulit umumnya terjadi pada individu yang memiliki alergi. Sensitivitas terhadap zat penyebab alergi bisa diturunkan dalam keluarga. Adanya reaksi berlebihan dari tubuh terhadap suatu hal seperti debu atau serbuk sari bunga, pada beberapa orang bisa menyebabkan kulitnya meradang.

Selain itu, adanya suatu variasi genetik di beberapa orang bisa memengaruhi kemampuan tubuh dalam memberikan perlindungan. Fungsi barrier kulit yang lemah membuat kulit kurang mampu untuk melawan bakteri, iritan atau alergen di lingkungan. Barrier kulit yang lemah juga bisa memicu respon kekebalan tubuh yang menyebabkan peradangan pada kulit.

 

Penanganan Asma Kulit (Eksim Atopik)

Dilansir dari NHS, pengobatan asma kulit pada anak lebih bertujuan untuk meringankan gejala yang sedang dirasakan. Untuk saat ini, belum ada terapi yang bisa benar-benar mengobati asma kulit sampai penyakit hilang sepenuhnya. Bila si kecil mengalami asma kulit, ada beragam terapi yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengontrol dan mengatasi gejala asma kulit, yaitu:

Mengoleskan pelembap secara rutin

Anda dapat mengoleskan pelembap di area kulit anak secara rutin sebelum kulit anak menjadi kering. Pelembap bisa langsung dioleskan pada kulit segera setelah mandi. Anda bisa berkonsultasi dengan dokter mengenai jenis-jenis pelembap seperti krim, gel atau ointment. Cari pelembap dengan bahan yang lembut bagi kulit anak, tanpa mengandung bahan-bahan yang berpotensi memicu reaksi pada kulit.

Pilih produk perawatan kulit yang tidak memicu alergi

Sama seperti dalam memilih pelembap, produk perawatan kulit lainnya seperti sabun, sampo dan losion juga sebaiknya dipilih yang berbahan lembut. Sebaiknya produk perawatan kulit juga tidak mengandung parfum, alkohol atau zat pewarna, dan bahannya aman digunakan untuk kulit anak-anak.

Mengoleskan salep atau krim yang mengandung hidrokortison

Bila reaksi alergi tampak parah, Anda dapat mengoleskan salep atau krim yang mengandung hidrokortison sesuai dengan resep dokter. Hindari memberi sembarang obat alergi atau obat gatal pada anak karena dapat memperparah gejala. Pemakaian obat steroid seperti hidrokortison perlu pengawasan dokter karena bila dipakai secara berlebihan dapat menyebabkan efek samping, seperti penipisan kulit.

 

Asma kulit atau yang juga dikenal dengan eksim atopik dan dermatitis atopik merupakan masalah kulit yang sering terjadi pada anak-anak. Terkadang kondisi ini dapat mereda dengan sendirinya ketika remaja, namun pada beberapa kasus eksim tetap bertahan hingga dewasa. Eksim bukanlah penyakit menular dan berbahaya. Dengan penanganan yang tepat, gejala eksim dapat mereda dalam beberapa hari. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Rabu, 13 Desember 2023 | 08:34

Mayo Clinic. Atopic Dermatitis (eczema). Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/atopic-dermatitis-eczema/symptoms-causes/syc-20353273# 

NHS. Atopic Eczema. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atopic-eczema/ 

National Eczema. Atopic Dermatitis. Available from: https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/types-of-eczema/atopic-dermatitis/ 

Cleveland Clinic. Eczema. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9998-eczema 

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new11.25msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1525 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1525
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new11.86msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 10151 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 10151
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 10135
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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