8 Masalah Kulit yang Muncul Akibat Penyakit Diabetes

8 Masalah Kulit yang Muncul Akibat Penyakit Diabetes

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Diabetes adalah penyakit kronis yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula dalam darah. Penyakit ini tidak hanya memengaruhi kadar gula dalam darah namun juga memicu munculnya penyakit lain seperti hipertensi dan kolesterol. Selain itu, diabetes juga dapat memengaruhi kondisi kesehatan kulit seperti munculnya gatal dan bercak-bercak.

Masalah kondisi kulit akibat diabetes

1. Munculnya bercak Acanthosis Nigricans

Dilansir dari WebMD, salah satu tanda gangguan kulit yang khas pada diabetes adalah acanthosis nigricans dimana muncul bercak menghitam di area lipatan kulit seperti selangkangan, leher, siku, juga area bibir dan tumit. Selain lebih gelap, kulit juga tampa lebih tebal, kadang gatal, dan berbau. Kondisi ini umumnya muncul pada orang yang mengalami resistensi insulin.

2. Lepuhan diabetes

Pengidap diabetes dapat mengalami luka melepuh secara tiba-tiba. Luka ini bisa berupa lepuhan besar atau beberapa luka yang berkelompok. Luka ini cenderung muncul di tangan, kaki, atau lengan. Berbeda dengan luka melepuh akibat luka bakar, lepuhan diabetes ini tidak terasa perih atau nyeri.

3. Digital sclerosis

Pengidap diabetes umumnya mengalami kulit menebal pada tangan dan jari. Selain menebal, kulit juga akan terasa seperti lilin dan kencang. Masalah kulit ini juga dapat berkembang di punggung atas, bahu dan leher, kemudian dapat menyebar ke wajah, pundak atau dada. Pada kasus serius, kondisi kulit ini juga dapat mengeras dan bertekstur seperti kulit jeruk.

4. Shin Spot (diabetic dermopathy)

Jika muncul bercak bulat berawarna cokelat gelap atau kadang tampak seperti garis. Sekilas bercak ini mirip dengan bercak tanda-tanda penuaan, namun bercak in isangat berbeda. Bercak ini muncul akibat kerusakan pembuluh darah kapiler yang menyebabkan muncul bercak seperti memar berwarna cokelat. Umumnya bercak ini dapat hilang pada jangka waktu 18 bulan atau dapat menetap untuk waktu yang lama.

5. Infeksi bakteri

Kadar gula darah yang tinggi dapat membuat kulit kering dan melemahkan daya tahan tubuh Anda. Hal ini dapat meningkatkan risiko infeksi kulit seperti infeksi bakteri staphylococcus atau bintitan di mata. Kondisi ini kadang disertai kulit bengkak, gatal, nyeri dan terasa panas.

6. Infeksi jamur

Jamur, seperti halnya bakteri pada kulit gemar berada di kulit yang lembap. Area seperti ketiak, bawah dada, dan sudut bibir adalah area yang sering terkena infeksi ini. Umumnya infeksi jamur ini disebabkan oleh jamur jenis Candida albicans.

7. Kulit kering dan gatal

Kulit kering dan gatal adalah keluhan umum pada pengidap diabetes. Adanya gangguan pembuluh darah dan sirkulasi akibat diabetes membuat ketahanan dan keseimbangan kulit tubuh menurun sehingga rentan muncul radang dan infeksi, termasuk lesi seperti eksim. Kulit kering ini memicu gatal yang dapat menyerang pengidap diabetes.

8. Xanthelasma

Xanthelasma ditandai dengan munculnya plak kekuningan berisi lemak yang muncul di kelopak mata. Umumnya plak ini muncul di sekitar sudut mata dalam dekat hidung. Kondisi ini merupakan salah satu indikasi tingginya kadar lemak dalam darah. Hal ini juga merupakan tanda bahwa kadar gula darah tidak terkontrol.

 

Selain masalah kulit di atas, diabetes juga dapat menyebabkan timbulnya bercak atau lenting seperti campak dan kulit kering seperti bersisik. Jika Anda mengalami salah satu masalah kulit di atas, coba periksakan kadar gula dalam darah Anda. Dengan kadar gula darah yang terkontrol risiko Anda mengalami komplikasi diabetes akan lebih rendah.

 

Writer: Ratih

Edited By: dr. Ayu Munawaroh

Last Updated: 27-Aug-2021

 

Sumber:

  1. WebMD. Diabetes and Your Skin. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/related-skin-conditions.
  2. American Diabetes Association. Skin complications. Available from: https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/complications/skin-complications.
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        Backtrace
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.82msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 10089 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 10089
        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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