Vitamin D dan Vitamin D3, Apa Bedanya?

Vitamin D dan Vitamin D3, Apa Bedanya?
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Vitamin D termasuk jenis vitamin yang larut dalam lemak. Vitamin ini penting untuk menjaga kesehatan tulang, sistem kekebalan tubuh, dan fungsi organ yang optimal.

Suplemen D3 belakangan ini dikenal sebagai suplemen yang memiliki keunggulan terutama dalam proses penyembuhan. Apa beda vitamin D dan D3 ini?

 

Vitamin D dan Manfaatnya bagi Kesehatan

Vitamin D berasal dari makanan dan juga hormon yang diproduksi oleh tubuh. Vitamin yang larut dalam lemak ini punya banyak manfaat untuk tubuh, di antaranya:

  • Membantu menyerap dan mempertahankan kalsium dan fosfor sehingga memperkuat tulang
  • Membantu memperkuat otot
  • Membantu mendukung sistem kekebalan tubuh dan melawan peradangan
  • Mendukung kesehatan rongga mulut termasuk menurunkan risiko kerusakan gigi, gigi berlubang dan penyakit gusi
  • Membantu mencegah diabetes tipe 1 dan tipe 2
  • Membantu dalam pengobatan hipertensi
  • Membantu dalam penurunan berat badan
  • Membantu melawan depresi

Vitamin D memiliki dua bentuk utama, vitamin D2 (ergokalsiferol) dan juga vitamin D3 (kolekalsiferol). Bentuk vitamin D3 inilah yang lebih sering dikonsumsi dalam bentuk suplemen.

 

Baca Juga: Yang Terjadi Pada Tubuh Saat Kekurangan Vitamin D

 

Apa itu Vitamin D3

Vitamin D3 disebut juga kolekalsiferol. Bentuk vitamin D ini paling aktif dan secara alami diproduksi oleh tubuh manusia saat kulit terpapar sinar matahari UV-B. Vitamin D3 juga dapat ditemukan dalam sumber makanan hewani seperti ikan salmon, hati, kuning telur, mentega, minyak ikan, tuna dan sarden.

Vitamin D3 memiliki beberapa fungsi penting bagi tubuh, di antaranya:

  • Membantu tubuh dalam menyerap kalsium dan fosfor dari makanan yang dikonsumsi
  • Memelihara kepadatan tulang dan mencegah kerapuhan tulang
  • Membantu dalam pertahanan tubuh terhadap infeksi dan peradangan

Selain dari paparan sinar matahari dan makanan, vitamin D3 tersedia dalam bentuk suplemen. Suplemen vitamin D3 terutama digunakan bila vitamin D3 tidak terpenuhi dari makanan maupun sinar matahari.

 

Keunggulan Vitamin D3

Vitamin D3 umumnya dianggap lebih efektif dan lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan vitamin D2, di antaranya:

  • Vitamin D3 memiliki aktivitas biologis yang lebih tinggi dan ketersediaan yang lebih baik di dalam tubuh manusia
  • Vitamin D3 dapat bertahan lama di dalam tubuh serta memelihara kadar vitamin D secara optimal
  • Vitamin D3 lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan kadar vitamin D dalam tubuh sehingga memberi manfaat yang lebih besar bagi kesehatan tulang, sistem kekebalan tubuh dan fungsi tubuh lainnya dibandingkan dengan vitamin D2

 

Baca Juga: Manfaat Tes Kadar Vitamin D Dalam Tubuh

 

Efek Samping Vitamin D3

Meskipun memiliki manfaat yang besar bagi tubuh, mengonsumsi suplemen vitamin D3 tetap harus sesuai dosis yang disarankan. Dosis vitamin D harian yang direkomendasikan berbeda-beda tergantung pada usia, kondisi kesehatan dan tingkat kekurangan vitamin D yang dialami.

Dosis vitamin D yang direkomendasikan untuk orang dewasa adalah sekitar 600-800 IU. Penting untuk diingat bahwa dosis vitamin D3 setiap orang tidak sama sehingga Anda perlu berkonsultasi dengan dokter atau ahli gizi sebelum mengonsumsi suplemen vitamin D3.

Mengonsumsi dosis vitamin D3 terlalu berlebihan juga berisiko dan menyebabkan efek samping bagi tubuh, di antaranya:

  • Keracunan vitamin D atau dikenal sebagai hipervitaminosis D dengan gejala seperti kelelahan, kehilangan nafsu makan, mual, muntah, peningkatan kadar kalsium dalam darah dan masalah ginjal
  • Vitamin D3 berinteraksi dengan obat-obatan seperti obat untuk tekanan darah tinggi, obat antikejang, obat pencahar dan obat pengobatan HIV
  • Konsumsi vitamin D3 berlebihan menyebabkan peningkatan kadar kalsium dalam darah (hiperkalsemia)
  • Beberapa orang mungkin mengalami reaksi alergi seperti ruam kulit, gatal-gatal, sesak napas atau pembengkakan saat mengonsumsi suplemen vitamin D3

 

Agar suplementasi vitamin D3 tepat guna, sebaiknya konsultasikan terlebih dahulu dengan dokter. Anda bisa memanfaatkan layanan telekonsultasi kesehatan melalui aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh di App Store atau Play Store di ponsel Anda.

Mau tahu informasi seputar nutrisi, makanan dan tips diet lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Atli Arnarson BSc, PhD (2023). Vitamin D2 vs. D3: What’s the Difference?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/vitamin-d2-vs-d3 

Leah Groth (2022). 8 Benefits of Vitamin D—and How to Get More in Your Diet. Available from: https://www.health.com/nutrition/vitamins-supplements/vitamin-d-benefits 

Harvard TH Chan (2023). Vitamin D. Available from: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamin-d/ 

Yvelette Stines (2023). The Health Benefits of Vitamin D3. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/vitamin-d3-5082500 

Julie Lynn Marks (2022). Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3)). Available from: https://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/vitamin-d3 

Mayo Clinic (2021). Vitamin D. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-vitamin-d/art-20363792

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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