Perlukah Memberikan Vitamin D pada Bayi?

Perlukah Memberikan Vitamin D pada Bayi?
Ilustrasi bayi. Credits: Freepik

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Vitamin D dikatakan merupakan nutrisi esensial yang penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi. Vitamin ini tidak hanya bermanfaat bagi kesehatan tulang, tetapi juga memiliki dampak yang lebih luas dalam berbagai aspek kesehatan bayi.

Vitamin D membantu tubuh menyerap kalsium dan fosfor, dua mineral ini penting dalam pembentukan tulang dan gigi yang kuat. Sayangnya, banyak bayi terutama yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif tidak mendapatkan cukup vitamin D dari sumber alami ASI dan sinar matahari. Apakah bayi perlu mendapatkan suplemen vitamin D?

 

Perlukah Memberikan Vitamin D pada Bayi?

Ya, secara umum bayi perlu mendapatkan suplementasi vitamin D khususnya pada bayi yang mendapatkan ASI. Walaupun ASI adalah sumber nutrisi utama yang sangat ideal bagi bayi, tetapi kandungan vitamin D dalam ASI biasanya sangat rendah, sekitar 15-50 IU per liter.

Organisasi kesehatan dunia seperti American Academy Pediatrics (AAP) merekomendasikan pemberian suplemen vitamin D 400 IU per hari pada bayi mulai dari usia beberapa minggu hingga setidaknya usia 12 bulan.

Bayi yang mengonsumsi susu formula yang diperkaya vitamin D umumnya tidak membutuhkan suplemen tambahan. Namun, Anda tetap perlu memeriksa label di balik kemasan untuk memastikan kandungan vitamin D yang tepat.

Selain itu, bayi yang memiliki risiko defisiensi vitamin D, seperti yang tinggal di daerah dengan paparan sinar matahari terbatas, juga mungkin membutuhkan suplemen tambahan.

Baca Juga: Dampak Kekurangan Vitamin D pada Anak-Anak

 

Manfaat Memberikan Suplemen Vitamin D

Banyak ahli merekomendasikan suplementasi vitamin D pada bayi karena beberapa manfaat yang dimiliki, di antaranya:

Mendukung pertumbuhan dan kekuatan tulang

Vitamin D membantu penyerapan kalsium dan fosfor dari makanan. Tanpa cukup vitamin D, tubuh tidak dapat menyerap kalsium dengan efisien sehingga menyebabkan tulang menjadi lemah dan rapuh.

Pada bayi, kekurangan vitamin D dapat menyebabkan rakitis, di mana tulang melunak dan menyebabkan kelainan bentuk.

Meningkatkan fungsi kekebalan tubuh

Vitamin D berperan penting dalam meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh bayi yang dapat membantu tubuh melawan infeksi. Bayi yang menerima cukup vitamin D cenderung memiliki sistem kekebalan yang lebih kuat, yang dapat membantu melawan penyakit dan infeksi dengan lebih efektif.

Mendukung perkembangan otak

Penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa vitamin D berperan dalam perkembangan otak dan fungsi kognitif. Vitamin ini memengaruhi produksi dan pelepasan berbagai neurotransmitter (senyawa kimia) di otak yang penting untuk komunikasi antar sel-sel otak.

Meskipun penelitian lebih lanjut dibutuhkan, studi menunjukkan bahwa asupan vitamin D yang cukup selama masa awal kehidupan dapat berkontribusi terhadap perkembangan kognitif yang sehat.

Baca Juga: Kapan Anak-Anak Perlu Minum Vitamin?

Mencegah penyakit autoimun

Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vitamin D berperan dalam mencegah perkembangan penyakit autoimun. Penyakit autoimun terjadi ketika sistem kekebalan tubuh salah mengenali sel-sel tubuh sehat sebagai sesuatu yang berbahaya.

Dengan asupan vitamin D yang cukup, vitamin D dapat membantu mengatur respons imun tubuh agar tidak berlebihan. Ini dapat membantu mengurangi risiko penyakit autoimun seperti diabetes tipe 1.

Mengurangi risiko alergi dan asma

Beberapa penelitian mengaitkan kadar vitamin D yang cukup dengan penurunan risiko perkembangan alergi dan asma pada anak-anak. Vitamin D membantu mengatur respons imun tubuh terhadap alergen, yang dapat membantu mengurangi peradangan pada saluran pernapasan.

Mendukung kesehatan jantung dan pembuluh darah

Vitamin D juga berkontribusi terhadap kesehatan jantung dan pembuluh darah. Bayi yang mendapatkan cukup vitamin D memiliki risiko lebih rendah mengalami tekanan darah tinggi saat masa remaja. Asupan vitamin D yang cukup juga dapat mencegah terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskular di masa mendatang. 

 

Memberikan vitamin D pada bayi memang penting, namun Anda tetap harus berkonsultasi dengan dokter untuk mendapatkan rekomendasi dosis yang tepat. Jangan ragu bertanya pada dokter atau memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan Ai Care yang dapat diunduh di App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar kehamilan, menyusui, kesehatan wanita dan anak-anak? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Jumat, 6 September 2024 | 05:24

Cleveland Clinic (2024). Do Infants Need Vitamin D Drops?. Available from: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/do-babies-really-need-vitamin-d-supplements 

Anthony Porto, MD, MPH, FAAP & Sarah Abu-Alreesh, MD, FAAP (2022). Vitamin D for Babies, Children & Adolescents. Available from: https://www.healthychildren.org/English/healthy-living/nutrition/Pages/vitamin-d-on-the-double.aspx 

Jay L. Hoecker, M.D. (2024). Does my baby need a vitamin D supplement?. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/expert-answers/vitamin-d-for-babies/faq-20058161 

Magali Rios-Leyvraz (2023). Calcium, zinc, and vitamin D in breast milk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Available from: https://internationalbreastfeedingjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13006-023-00564-2 

Mayo Clinic (2021). Rickets. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rickets/symptoms-causes/syc-20351943 

Megan D. Rodgers, et all (2023). Vitamin D and Child Neurodevelopment—A Post Hoc Analysis. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10574578/ 

Valeria Dipasquale (2022). Vitamin D in Prevention of Autoimmune Diseases. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36336872/ 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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