Plak dan Karang Gigi, Ketahui Perbedaannya

Plak dan Karang Gigi, Ketahui Perbedaannya
Credits: Pexels. Mengunjungi dokter gigi penting dilakukan.

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Tahukah Anda bahwa plak dan karang gigi merupakan dua hal yang berbeda. Baik plak maupun karang gigi dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya gigi berlubang, radang gusi (gingivitis), dan masalah gigi lainnya. Mengetahui perbedaan keduanya dapat membantu Anda mencegah masalah kesehatan mulut lebih lanjut.    

 

Bagian-Bagian Gigi

Gigi tersusun atas beberapa bagian, di antaranya: 

  • Enamel
    • Adalah lapisan terluar dan keras yang menutupi mahkota gigi. Enamel sebagian besar terbuat dari kalsium
  • Dentin
    • Adalah lapisan kedua pada gigi setelah enamel. Jaringan keras ini berisi tabung mikroskopis yang apabila lapisan enamel rusak, maka saat terkena makanan atau minuman panas atau dingin, maka Anda akan merasakan ngilu atau rasa sakit 
  • Pulpa
    • Adalah struktur yang lebih dalam dan lembut dari gigi, di mana pembuluh darah dan saraf berada pada bagian ini 
  • Sementum
    • Adalah lapisan gigi yang tersusun dari jaringan ikat yang mengikat akar gigi dengan kuat ke gusi dan tulang rahang 
  • Ligamen periodontal
    • Adalah jaringan yang membantu menahan gigi dengan kuat pada rahang 

Gigi berisiko mengalami kerusakan jika enamel terkikis. Pengikisan enamel ini tidak terjadi begitu saja, namun membutuhkan beberapa waktu yang cukup lama. 

Plak yang menumpuk pada gigi dan berasal dari sisa-sisa makanan, yang menyebabkan kerusakan pada gigi. Perlu dicatat bahwa plak dan karang gigi adalah dua hal yang berbeda, apa perbedaannya? 

 

Apa itu Plak?

Plak gigi adalah lapisan lembut dan lengket yang menumpuk di enamel gigi, yang terbentuk setelah bakteri bercampur dengan air liur dan makanan.

Menurut American Dental Association, plak mengandung lebih dari 500 spesies bakteri yang terdiri dari bakteri baik maupun berbahaya.

Bakteri berbahaya menghasilkan asam setelah Anda makan dan minum, terutama makanan yang manis dan mengandung karbohidrat. Asam inilah yang dapat mengikis enamel dan menyebabkan gigi berlubang.

 

Apa itu Karang Gigi? 

Ketika ada penumpukan plak di gigi yang tidak dihilangkan dan dibiarkan terus menumpuk, maka plak ini dapat mengeras dan berubah menjadi kalkulus atau disebut juga karang gigi.

Karang gigi dan penumpukan plak dapat menyebabkan gusi menjadi rentan mengalami peradangan dan bengkak, inilah tahap awal berkembangnya penyakit gusi.

 

Berbahayakah Karang Gigi?

Karang gigi tidak bisa dihilangkan dengan menggosok gigi maupung flossing. Jika kondisi ini dibiarkan, maka akan menyebabkan gigi berlubang dan kerusakan gigi. 

Karang gigi yang terbentuk di garis gusi dapat menyebabkan berbagai permasalahan pada gusi. Masalah gusi yang cukup sering terjadi yaitu gingivitis (radang gusi). Gingivitis yang tidak diatasi dapat memicu terjadinya periodontitis, suatu peradangan gusi yang serius. 

 

Cara Mengatasi Plak dan Karang Gigi 

Mengatasi plak dan karang gigi memiliki cara yang berbeda. Plak dapat diatasi dengan menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut, termasuk rutin menggosok gigi 2 kali sehari dan melakukan flossing. 

Berbeda dengan karang gigi, untuk mengatasinya Anda perlu berkunjung ke klinik gigi untuk membersihkan karang gigi.  

Namun, ada beberapa cara untuk menghindari terbentuknya plak dan karang gigi, karena mencegah lebih baik daripada mengobati. Caranya:

  • Gosok gigi 2 kali sehari selama 2-3 menit
  • Lakukan flossing untuk membersihkan sisa makanan di sela gigi
  • Gunakan obat kumur 
  • Makan makanan sehat, batasi makanan atau minuman manis
  • Kunjungi dokter gigi minimal 6 bulan sekali

 

Menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut penting dilakukan untuk mencegah terbentuknya plak dan karang gigi. Selain itu, Anda tetap disarankan untuk rutin ke dokter gigi agar kesehatan gigi dan mulut terjaga dengan baik.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 
Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 09:28
Sara Lindberg (2020). What’s the Difference Between Plaque and Tartar?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/plaque-vs-tartar
 
Matthew Hoffman, MD (2020). Picture of the Teeth. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/picture-of-the-teeth
 
Hilary Parker (2020). What is Tartar? 6 Tips to Control Buildup. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/guide/tartar-dental-calculus-overview

 

Elizabeth Pratt (2021). Plaque vs. Tartar: What Are the Differences?. Available from: Plaque vs. Tartar: Buildup, Removal, and Dental Hygiene Tips (verywellhealth.com)
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    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.46msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5195 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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