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Penyebab Tinja Berwarna Hitam, Kapan Perlu Periksa ke Dokter?

Penyebab Tinja Berwarna Hitam, Kapan Perlu Periksa ke Dokter?
Ilustrasi gangguan pencernaan. Credit: Freepik

Bagikan :


Warna tinja dapat menunjukkan kondisi kesehatan Anda. Normalnya, tinja yang sehat berwarna kecokelatan hingga cokelat tua. Lantas, bagaimana jika tinja berwarna hitam? Berbahayakah kondisi tersebut dan bagaimana cara mengatasinya? Simak dalam artikel berikut.

 

Penyebab Tinja Berwarna Hitam

Tinja berwarna hitam dan bertekstur lembek mirip aspal dapat disebabkan oleh perubahan pola makan atau pengobatan yang Anda konsumsi. Terkadang hal ini tidak berbahaya, namun jika diikuti dengan gejala lain seperti bau tidak sedap dan sakit perut, sebaiknya periksakan diri ke dokter. 

Beberapa penyebab tinja berwarna hitam antara lain:

Makanan

Mengonsumsi makanan dan minuman tertentu dapat membuat tinja berwarna hitam. Makanan dan minuman yang menyebabkan  tinja berwarna hitam antara lain: 

  • Licorice hitam
  • Blackberry
  • Blueberry
  • Buah 
  • Bir hitam
  • Makanan menggunakan pewarna makanan merah
  • Cokelat hitam

Jika Anda melihat tinja berwarna hitam setelah mengonsumsi makanan di atas dan tidak mengalami keluhan lainnya, maka warna tinja akan kembali normal setelah beberapa kali buang air besar. 

Baca Juga: Seperti Inilah Bentuk Tinja yang Sehat dan Normal

Suplemen zat besi

Mengonsumsi suplemen zat besi dapat menyebabkan tinja berwarna gelap kehitaman. Kondisi ini adalah efek samping yang umum dan tidak berbahaya. Namun jika tinja hitam diikuti dengan sakit perut, hal ini bisa mengindikasikan masalah kesehatan lainnya. 

Obat-obatan 

Beberapa jenis obat-obatan yang Anda minum dapat menyebabkan tinja hitam. Hal tersebut merupakan efek samping kandungan bismut atau arang hitam yang biasa digunakan obat untuk mengatasi sakit perut, diare, mual, atau nyeri ulu hati. Setelah pengobatan selesai, tinja akan kembali berwarna normal.

Namun sebaiknya segera periksakan ke dokter jika mengalami keluhan lain seperti telinga berdenging atau tidak dapat mendengar dan kondisi Anda memburuk setelah mengonsumsi obat-obatan tersebut. 

Perdarahan di saluran pencernaan

Terjadinya perdarahan di saluran pencernaan bagian atas dapat menyebabkan tinja berwarna hitam. Istilah medis untuk kondisi ini adalah melena

Darah pada awalnya berwarna merah, tetapi saat mengalir ke saluran pencernaan dan bercampur dengan enzim pencernaan, warnanya akan berubah menjadi hitam. Kondisi ini juga akan mengubah tekstur tinja menjadi lebih gelap, lengket, dan lebih berbau. Perdarahan di saluran pencernaan bagian atas dapat terjadi di kerongkongan, lambung, atau bagian pertama dari usus halus. 

Beberapa penyebab perdarahan di saluran pencernaan antara lain:

  • Angiodisplasia saluran pencernaan: Kondisi abnormal pada pembuluh darah di selaput lendir saluran penernaan.
  • Tumor jinak atau kanker di area esofagus, lambung, usus, hingga anus.
  • Kolitis: Peradangan pada usus besar.
  • Esofagitis: Pembengkakan lapisan kerongkongan yang dapat teriritasi dan berdarah.
  • Gastritis: Peradangan pada lapisan lambung.
  • Tukak lambung: Luka di dalam lambung atau usus 12 jari (duodenum) yang dapat menyebabkan pendarahan jika lapisan lambung terkikis.
  • Sindrom Mallory-Weiss: Batuk atau muntah yang parah dapat menyebabkan robekan kecil di kerongkongan.

Baca Juga: Warna Tinja Menunjukkan Kondisi Kesehatan Anda, Lho

 

Penanganan Tinja Berwarna Hitam

Penanganan tinja hitam bergantung pada penyebab kondisi tersebut. Apabila Anda mengalami tinja hitam setelah mengonsumsi makanan yang berwarna gelap atau suplemen tertentu, sebaiknya batasi konsumsi makanan dan suplemen tersebut dalam beberapa waktu dan lihat apakah ada perbedaan.

Apabila tinja hitam disebabkan oleh perdarahan saluran cerna atau sebab lain, dokter akan melakukan pemeriksaan dan memberikan pengobatan yang sesuai. Untuk tukak lambung ringan, dokter dapat memberikan obat-obatan seperti antasida atau penghambat pompa proton. Pada tukak lambung yang lebih parah, dokter dapat merekomendasikan pembedahan.

 

Tinja berwarna hitam tidak selalu berbahaya, namun jika tinja berwarna hitam dan lengket, diikuti gejala lainnya sebaiknya periksakan ke dokter. Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan fitur konsultasi pada aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh melalui App Store atau Play Store. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainya? Cek di sini, yah!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Rabu, 30 Oktober 2024 | 15:58

Watson, S. (2023). Why Is Your Poop Black and Tarry?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/black-tarry-stool-reasons

Cleveland Clinic. Melena (Black Stool). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/25058-melena

Mount Sinai. Bloody or tarry stools. Available from: https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/bloody-or-tarry-stools

Huzar, T. (2023). What to know about black stool. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325109

Southwick, C. (2024).Why Is My Poop Black?. Available from: https://www.health.com/black-poop-7557107

Tresca, A. (2024). Why Is My Poop Black?. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/causes-of-black-stool-1941711

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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