Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal condition affecting about 5–10% of women of reproductive age. It stems from elevated levels of androgens (male hormones) in the female body and this hormonal imbalance can lead to problems such as acne and irregular periods. Beyond these issues, PCOS is also associated with other health concerns, including hypertension. Why does this happen?

Understanding PCOS in Women

PCOS is a condition that cause hormone imbalance in which women have excessive androgen levels. The signs and symptoms are often missed at an early stage of the disease. Common symptoms include irregular or prolonged menstrual cycles, thicker body and facial hair, and acne. In addition, ultrasound tests may show multiple cysts (polycystic ovaries) or follicles in your ovaries that contain immature eggs.

PCOS and the Risk of Hypertension

The hormonal imbalance in PCOS can cause more issues to health, not just affecting menstrual cycle of women. This condition is also associated with weight problems, heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure.

Findings from the Dallas Heart Study indicate that women with PCOS have a higher risk of hypertension than women without PCOS. Likewise, Johns Hopkins Medicine reports research showing that women with PCOS are about twice as likely to experience cardiovascular complications such as heart attack or stroke.

One reason is that many women with PCOS are overweight and develop insulin resistance. This can contribute to higher cholesterol levels and atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), forcing the heart to work harder to circulate blood. As a result, blood pressure tends to rise.

Preventing Hypertension Risk in Women With PCOS

Hypertension often causes no symptoms and is frequently identified during a routine medical checkup. Risk factors of hypertension include smoking, overweight or obesity, lack of physical activities, insulin resistance, depression, and a family history of hypertension.

If you have these risk factors, start taking steps to protect your health by quitting smoking, adopting healthier daily habits, and exercising regularly. You should also have periodic tests to monitor your blood pressure. In some situations, your doctor may prescribe medication to keep blood pressure within a safe range.

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