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  • Benarkah Diet Mediterania Efektif untuk Menurunkan Kolesterol?

Benarkah Diet Mediterania Efektif untuk Menurunkan Kolesterol?

Benarkah Diet Mediterania Efektif untuk Menurunkan Kolesterol?
Credit: Freepik

Bagikan :


Diet Mediterania telah lama dikenal sebagai diet yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan, terutama bagi kesehatan jantung. Pola makan yang mengutamakan konsumsi daging dengan lemak sehat, biji-bijian utuh serta buah segar ini diyakini dapat meminimalisir risiko strok dan serangan jantung serta menurunkan kolesterol. Benarkah demikian?

 

Apa Itu Diet Mediterania?

Seperti namanya, diet Mediterania mengacu pada pola makan masyarakat di area sekitar Laut Mediterania seperti Italia dan Yunani. Pola makan masyarakat di area ini menarik menjadi sorotan karena memiliki persebaran penyakit kardiovaskuler yang cenderung rendah.

Secara umum, diet Mediterania adalah pola makan yang mengadaptasi menu makanan masyarakat Italia dan Yunani sejak tahun 1950an. Pola makan tersebut antara lain dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut:

  • Memperbanyak makanan sayuran, kacang-kacangan dan biji-bijian
  • Makan ikan setidaknya dua kali seminggu
  • Menggunakan minyak zaitun sebagai pengganti mentega
  • Mengonsumsi buah segar sebagai pencuci mulut

 

Baca Juga: Ingin Hidup Sehat? Intip Diet Mediterania yang Banyak Konsumsi Makanan Alami

 

Pola makan diet Mediterania membagi menu secara harian, mingguan dan bulanan seperti berikut:

Harian: Memperbanyak makanan bersumber tanaman seperti sayuran, minyak zaitun, biji-bijian, kacang dan biji-bijian. Pada konsumsi harian diperbolehkan mengonsumsi daging putih, telur, susu, keju dan yogurt.

Mingguan: Beberapa makanan yang dianjurkan untuk dikonsumsi 1–3 kali dalam seminggu antara lain ikan darat maupun laut dan makanan laut lainnya

Bulanan: Makanan yang dapat dikonsumsi 1-3 kali dalam sebulan salah satunya adalah daging merah

Sedangkan beberapa makanan yang perlu dihindari adalah: 

  • Makanan yang mengandung lemak trans
  • Makanan yang merupakan tepung olahan
  • Makanan dari daging olahan
  • Alkohol

 

Manfaat Diet Mediterania bagi Kolesterol

Sejumlah penelitian menunjukkan efek diet Mediterania terhadap penurunan kolesterol. Sebagian besar penelitian fokus pada jenis makanan yang dikonsumsi dari diet Mediterania seperti buah, kacang-kacangan, sayuran serta minyak zaitun murni.

Hasilnya, sebagian besar penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diet Mediterania dapat menurunkan kadar lemak (kolesterol) secara sederhana, namun beberapa penelitian tidak menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan.

Beberapa penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa diet Mediterania lebih baik daripada diet rendah lemak dalam kaitannya dengan penurunan kolesterol. Penelitian lain juga mencatat bahwa mereka yang mengikuti diet Mediterania memiliki risiko lebih rendah terkena penyakit kardiovaskular.

 

Baca Juga: Tips Memasak Bila Memiliki Risiko Kolesterol Tinggi

 

Hal ini disebabkan pola makan diet Mediterania membantu meredakan peradangan. Pada orang yang mengalami kelebihan berat badan, mengonsumsi karbohidrat olahan dan bergaya hidup sedentari cenderung memiliki kronis seperti diabates, penyakit jantung dan hati.

Selain itu diet Mediterania juga meningkatkan kemampuan tubuh untuk menyerap gula darah sehingga Anda terhindar dari diabetes. Pola makan Mediterania juga membuat pembuluh darah lebih fleksibel sehingga menghindari penumpukan plak di sepanjang pembuluh darah.

Namun demikian, meskipun diet Mediterania baik untuk menjaga kadar kolesterol dalam darah, Anda tetap dianjurkan untuk rutin melakukan pemeriksaan darah untuk memantau kadar kolesterol. Bagi Anda yang memiliki kadar kolesterol tinggi, dokter akan meresepkan obat untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol. Selain itu, dokter juga dapat merekomendasikan perubahan gaya hidup untuk menekan angka kolesterol. 

Bagi Anda yang ingin menjalani diet Mediterania untuk menurunkan kolesterol, sebaiknya konsultasikan terlebih dahulu ke dokter. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar nutrisi, makanan dan tips diet lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 02:30

Lachtrupp, E. (2020). Mediterranean Meal Plan to Lower Cholesterol. Available from: https://www.eatingwell.com/article/7740264/mediterranean-meal-plan-to-lower-cholesterol/#

Mayo Clinic. Mediteranean Diet for Heart Health. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/mediterranean-diet/art-20047801

John Hopkins Medicine. Take Your Diet to the Mediterranean. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/take-your-diet-to-the-mediterranean

 

Moll, J. (2021). Can the Mediterranean Diet Lower Your Cholesterol?. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/mediterranean-diet-to-reduce-cholesterol-697647

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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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