Ureum Urine

Ureum Urine
Ilustrasi ginjal.

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Definisi

Pemeriksaan ureum urine juga dikenal dengan nama ureum urine nitrogen, digunakan untuk mengukur kadar ureum dalam urine. Pemeriksaan ini umumnya dilakukan untuk memeriksa fungsi ginjal Anda apakah masih bekerja secara optimal atau sudah terdapat gangguan pada ginjal. 

Ureum adalah salah satu produk sisa metabolisme yang terbentuk ketika tubuh memecah protein dari makanan yang dikonsumsi setiap hari. Pemecahan protein tersebut akan menghasilkan senyawa ammonia yang mengandung nitrogen. Selanjutnya, ureum akan dilepaskan ke ginjal melalui aliran darah, untuk disaring dan dikeluarkan dari tubuh melalui urine ketika Anda buang air kecil.

Karena ureum disaring oleh ginjal, fungsi penyaringan ini akan bekerja dengan normal bila ginjal sehat. Segala senyawa yang masih dibutuhkan oleh tubuh akan disaring dan diserap kembali, sedangkan sisa-sisa sampahnya akan dikeluarkan tubuh. Pemeriksaan ureum urine bisa dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana fungsi ginjal dalam menyaring ureum dan protein, apakah masih normal atau sudah mengalami penurunan. Selain itu, pemeriksaan ureum urine dapat membantu dalam diagnosis penyakit bila terdapat gangguan penyerapan protein atau penyerapan pada saluran cerna.

 

Kami juga memiliki artikel pemeriksaan ureum darah yang bisa Anda temukan di sini: Ureum Darah - Indikasi, Kontraindikasi dan Prosedur Pemeriksaan.

 

Indikasi

Dokter biasanya akan merekomendasikan pemeriksaan ureum urine tidak hanya untuk mengetahui kadarnya di sampel urine. Pemeriksaan ini jgua dilakukan untuk mengetahui:

  • Seberapa banyak asupan protein yang Anda konsumsi dan masuk ke dalam tubuh
  • Jumlah protein yang dibutuhkan oleh pasien yang sakit berat
  • Fungsi ginjal dalam bekerja apakah masih sehat atau sudah terdapat gangguan pada ginjal
  • Memantau pengobatan pada gangguan ginjal yang diberikan pada pasien apakah memberikan efek yang baik atau tidak
  • Mendiagnosis sejumlah penyakit yang bisa turut memengaruhi fungsi ginjal, seperti kekurangan cairan, gangguan nutrisi atau gagal jantung

 

Kontraindikasi

Pemeriksaan ureum urine tidak memiliki kontraindikasi atau kondisi-kondisi tertentu yang membuat pasien tidak bisa menjalani pemeriksaan ini. 

 

Persiapan Sebelum Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan ureum urine tidak membutuhkan persiapan khusus sebelum pengambilan sampel. Sebelum pemeriksaan Anda tidak perlu menjalani puasa atau tidak makan atau minum beberapa jam sebelumnya. Anda bisa makan dan minum seperti biasa sebelum pemeriksaan. Anda juga dapat melakukan aktivitas seperti biasa sebelum dan setelah pemeriksaan.

Namun begitu, Anda tetap disarankan untuk memberitahu dokter mengenai obat-obatan, vitamin atau suplemen yang sedang rutin Anda konsumsi. Karena ada beberapa obat yang bisa memengaruhi hasil pemeriksaan dan tidak merepresentasikan hasil sebenarnya, sebaiknya konsultasikan dengan dokter mengenai hal tersebut.

 

Prosedur Pemeriksaan

Seperti pemeriksaan kreatinin urine, pemeriksaan ini akan membutuhkan sampel urine Anda. Anda akan diminta untuk menampung urine dalam durasi 24 jam. Anda akan diberikan wadah khusus untuk menyimpan urine Anda serta instruksi bagaimana cara mengambil dan menyimpan urine.

Catatlah jam pertama kali Anda buang air kecil di pagi hari. Urine yang pertama kali keluar di pagi hari tidak perlu ditampung. Selanjutnya, setiap kali buang air kecil, Anda bisa menampung urine ke dalam wadah khusus tersebut. Cuci tangan dengan bersih sebelum dan setelah mengumpulkan setiap sampel urine. Pada hari kedua, masukkan lagi sampel urine di pagi hari ketika Anda bangun tidur pada wadah. Selama periode tersebut, Anda bisa menyimpan sampel urine tersebut di dalam coolbox dengan es batu.

Setelah periode 24 jam selesai, wadah berisi sampel urine bisa diberikan ke laboratorium untuk diperiksa kadar ureumnya. Tidak ada resiko terkait pemeriksaan ureum urine.

 

Nilai Normal dan Abnormal

Kadar ureum dalam urine dapat bervariasi pada setiap laboratorium, tergantung mesin dan referensi yang digunakan masing-masing laboratorium. Selain itu usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat kesehatan dan faktor lain juga bisa memengaruhi hasil pemeriksaan.  Oleh karena itu, sebaiknya konsultasikan dengan dokter mengenai hasil pemeriksaan Anda.

Nilai normal pemeriksaan ureum urine berada di rentang 12-20 gram per 24 jam, atau 428,4-714 mmol per hari. Kadar ureum urine dianggap abnormal bila berada di atas atau di bawah batas normal tersebut.

 

Hasil dan Saran (Pemeriksaan Lanjutan)

Umumnya pemeriksaan fungsi ginjal meliputi tidak hanya pemeriksaan kadar ureum, namun juga seperti kadar kreatinin dan laju filtrasi glomerulus. Bila hasil pemeriksaan kadar ureum normal dan dibarengi dengan hasil normal dari pemeriksaan fungsi ginjal lainnya, berarti ginjal bekerja dengan baik. Anda bisa mempertahankan kesehatan Anda dengan mengonsumsi gizi yang seimbang, rutin minum air putih dan aktivitas fisik yang cukup, serta pemeriksaan kesehatan yang rutin.

Hasil pemeriksaan yang abnormal umumnya menandakan adanya suatu masalah pada fungsi ginjal. Kadar ureum urine di bawah rentang normal bisa menandakan adanya:

  • Gangguan pada ginjal 
  • Malnutrisi karena kurangnya protein dalam asupan makanan sehari-hari

Sementara itu, kadar ureum urine di atas rentang normal bisa menandakan adanya:

  • Asupan protein yang berlebihan atau terlalu banyak dari asupan makanan sehari-hari
  • Tubuh terlalu banyak memecah protein

 

Konsultasikan ke Dokter yang Tepat

Diskusikan dengan dokter Anda terkait pola makan atau diet yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan Anda. Hasil pemeriksaan juga akan diperiksa bersama keluhan atau gejala yang Anda miliki. Anda bisa disarankan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan penunjang berdasarkan kebijaksanaan dokter. Selain dengan dokter umum, Anda juga dapat berkonsultasi dengan dokter spesialis penyakit dalam terkait kondisi Anda. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium, radiologi, dan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Kevin Luke
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 27 November 2023 | 08:31

Urea Nitrogen Urine Test. (2022). Retrieved 25 November 2022, from https://www.ucsfhealth.org/medical-tests/urea-nitrogen-urine-test

Urine Urea Nitrogen Test. (2018). Retrieved 25 November 2022, from https://www.healthline.com/health/urea-nitrogen-urine 

Urea Nitrogen Clearance (Urine). (2022). Retrieved 25 November 2022, from https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=167&ContentID=urea_nitrogen_urine 

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      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:779
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 6848
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.89msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2645 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2645
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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