Ureum Darah

Ureum Darah
Gambar 1. Pemeriksaan Ureum Darah (Sumber Blood Urea Nitrogen or BUN Test - AskApollo. AskApollo.com. (2022). Retrieved 28 May 2022, from https://healthlibrary.askapollo.com/blood-urea-nitro

Bagikan :


Definisi

Pemeriksaan ureum darah atau yang juga dikenal dengan tes BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) dilakukan untuk mengukur kadar ureum dalam darah. Pemeriksaan ini biasanya digunakan untuk mengetahui fungsi ginjal dan bila organ ini bekerja dengan baik. Selain itu, pemeriksaan ini menjadi salah satu pemeriksaan rutin yang digunakan pada pasien yang mengalami gagal ginjal kronik atau penyakit ginjal lainnya.

 

Proses Penyaringan Ureum

Ureum merupakan salah satu produk sisa yang dihasilkan oleh tubuh. Ureum ini terbentuk dari hasil pemecahan protein dari asupan makanan yang dikonsumsi setiap hari. Pemecahan protein ini terjadi di organ hati, yang akan menghasilkan senyawa nitrogen. Selanjutnya nitrogen akan bergabung dengan beberapa komponen lain seperti karbon, hidrogen dan oksigen untuk membentuk ureum. Ureum yang terbentuk akan dilepaskan dari hati ke sirkulasi darah, lalu menuju organ ginjal untuk dilakukan penyaringan dan dibuang dari tubuh melalui urine.

Karena ureum disaring oleh ginjal, fungsi penyaringan ini akan bekerja dengan normal bila ginjal sehat. Segala senyawa yang masih dibutuhkan oleh tubuh akan disaring dan diserap kembali, sedangkan sisa-sisa sampahnya akan dikeluarkan tubuh. Normalnya ureum dalam darah jumlahnya sedikit atau bahkan tidak ada.

 

Akan tetapi, jika ginjal mengalami masalah maka fungsi ginjal akan menurun seperti fungsi penyaringan dan pembuangan menurun dan tidak maksimal. Senyawa ureum yang harusnya dibuang melalui urine akan tetap bertahan di darah, sehingga terjadi penumpukan dan peningkatan kadar ureum dalam darah. Oleh karena itu, meningkatnya kadar ureum bisa menunjukkan:

  • Adanya masalah pada organ ginjal
  • Terdapat pembentukan berlebihan dari ureum di organ hati
  • Kondisi-kondisi lain 

 

Indikasi

Pemeriksaan ureum darah digunakan pada beberapa kondisi berikut:

  • Biasanya dilakukan untuk membantu mengetahui fungsi ginjal, bila ginjal masih bekerja dengan normal atau terdapat gangguan pada ginjal
  • Selain itu, pemeriksaan ureum juga digunakan pada kondisi:
    • Adanya kerusakan pada organ hati
    • Gizi buruk
    • Adanya sumbatan pada saluran kemih
    • Pasien gagal jantung
    • Adanya perdarahan pada saluran pencernaan
    • Kondisi dehidrasi dan sirkulasi yang buruk
  • Pemeriksasan rutin yang digunakan pada pasien yang menjalani cuci darah (hemodialisa)
  • Untuk memantau fungsi ginjal pada pada pasien yang mengalami penyakit seperti diabetes dan tekanan darah tinggi

 

Kontraindikasi

Pemeriksaan ureum tidak memiliki kontraindikasi atau kondisi-kondisi tertentu yang membuat pasien tidak bisa menjalani pemeriksaan. 

 

Persiapan Sebelum Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan ureum darah tidak membutuhkan persiapan khusus sebelum pemeriksaan dilakukan. Namun sebaiknya informasikan kepada dokter sebelum pemeriksaan dilakukan seluruh obat, vitamin atau suplemen yang dikonsumsi. Dikarenakan beberapa obat dapat mempengaruhi kadar ureum dalam darah, membuat hasil pemeriksaan bisa menjadi kurang maksimal dan tidak merepresentasikan hasil sebenarnya Obat-obatan tersebut antara lain:

  • Obat-obatan yang dapat meningkatkan kadar ureum dalam darah seperti:
    • Anti kejang karbamazepin
    • Penurun tekanan darah tinggi metildopa
    • Antibiotik tetrasiklin
    • Obat furosemid untuk mengobati penumpukan cairan di tubuh 
  • Obat-obatan yang dapat menurunkan kadar ureum seperti antibiotik kloramfenikol dan streptomisin 

Sebelum pemeriksaan Anda tidak perlu menjalani puasa atau tidak makan atau minum beberapa jam sebelumnya. Anda bisa makan dan minum seperti biasa sebelum pemeriksaan. Anda juga dapat melakukan aktivitas seperti biasa sebelum dan setelah pemeriksaan.

 

Prosedur Pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan ureum merupakan pemeriksaan sederhana yang dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel darah pada pembuluh darah. Sampel darah tersebut akan diperiksa di laboratorium. Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan seperti berikut:

  • Lokasi atau atau area pengambilan sampel darah umumnya dilakukan pada lipatan lengan atas.
  • Selanjutnya, area pengambilan sampel dibersihkan dengan antiseptik menggunakan kapas atau swab alkohol untuk mencegah adanya kontaminasi kuman pada sampel darah.
  • Petugas akan memasangkan karet pengikat pada pergelangan tangan atau lengan atas, agar pembuluh darah dapat terbendung sehingga mudah dilihat dan diraba.
  • Sampel darah lalu diambil dan ditampung sesuai kebutuhan, lalu diperiksa di laboratorium.

 

Nilai Normal dan Abnormal

Nilai normal dari pemeriksaan ureum dapat dibedakan berdasarkan jenis kelamin dan usia, yang bisa dilihat pada tabel di bawah ini.

Usia

Nilai Normal Ureum (mg/dL)

Laki-laki dewasa

8-24 mg/dL

Perempuan dewasa

6-21 mg/dL

Anak-anak

7-20 mg/dL

 

Nilai normal kadar ureum dalam darah dapat bervariasi pada setiap laboratorium, tergantung mesin dan referensi yang digunakan masing-masing laboratorium. Namun rata-rata nilai normal kadar ureum dalam darah seperti yang sudah disebukan di atas.  Kadar amonia dalam darah juga bisa dihitung untuk menilai fungsi organ hati, dengan rentang normal sekitar 15-45 µ/dl.

Terdapat beberapa kondisi yang dapat sedikit meningkatkan atau menurunkan kadar ureum darah. Hasil pemeriksaan dianggap tidak normal bila kadar ureum terlalu tinggi atau terlalu rendah melampaui rentang normal pada umumnya. Dokter biasanya akan melihat kondisi klinis, keluhan dan gejala, serta riwayat penyakitnya sebelum mengevaluasi pasien lebih lanjut. Kondisi dan penyakit yang mendasari ini perlu dicari penyebabnya sehingga pasien bisa mendapatkan terapi dengan cepat.

 

Hasil dan Saran (Pemeriksaan Lanjutan)

Kadar ureum darah yang meningkat dari batas normal menunjukkan bahwa fungsi ginjal, terutama fungsi penyaringan zat-zat sisa dalam tubuh tidak berjalan dengan normal. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh adanya gangguan pada ginjal seperti:

  • Penyakit ginjal kronik
  • Penyakit jantung
  • Perdarahan pada saluran cerna
  • Dehidrasi atau kondisi tubuh mengalami kekurangan cairan
  • Luka bakar dapat menimbulkan komplikasi gangguan ginjal
  • Syok
  • Adanya sumbatan pada saluran kemih
  • Rutin konsumsi makanan tinggi protein

Sedangkan jika didapatkan hasil pemeriksaan ureum darah yang rendah, bisa menunjukkan kemungkinan adanya beberapa kondisi penyakit, seperti:

  • Gangguan organ hati
  • Kondisi gizi buruk
  • Asupan air yang berlebihan dan kurangnya asupan protein

Hasil pemeriksaan kadar ureum darah yang tinggi dan rendah dari normal dapat membantu dokter menegakkan diagnosis beberapa penyakit yang disebutkan di atas. Namun, pemeriksaan ureum tidak menjadi satu-satunya tolak ukur pemeriksan yang dapat menegakkan diagnosis.

Dokter akan melakukan pemeriksaan lain seperti pemeriksaan kreatinin darah dan laju filtrasi glomerulus untuk membantu mengonfirmasi hasil pemeriksan kadar ureum. Selain itu, dokter juga akan menyarankan pemeriksaan penunjang lain seperti rontgen, USG perut, pemeriksaan fungsi hati dan pemeriksaan laboratorium lainnya.

 

Konsultasikan Ke Dokter yang Tepat

Sebaiknya Anda segera berkonsultasi kepada dokter spesialis penyakit dalam jika ditemukan hasil pemeriksaan kadar ureum darah yang abnormal. Dokter akan bertanya mengenai riwayat penyakit Anda, diet Anda sehari-hari, atau bila terdapat keluhan yang mengarah pada penyakit serius.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium, radiologi, dan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Luluk Ummaimah A
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 27 November 2023 | 08:04

Barmor, W., Azad, F., Stone, WL. (2022). Physiology, Urea Cycle (p. A single page). StatPearls Publishing.

Nail, R. (2018). Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Test. Healtline. Retrieved 28 May 2022, from https://www.healthline.com/health/bun#risks

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Test - Cleveland Clinic. ClevelandClinic.org. (2022). Retrieved 28 May 2022, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/17684-blood-urea-nitrogen-bun-test

BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) - MedlinePlus. MedlinePlus.gov. (2022). Retrieved 28 May 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/bun-blood-urea-nitrogen/

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Test - Mayo Clinic. Mayoclinic.org. (2021). Retrieved 28 May 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/blood-urea-nitrogen/about/pac-20384821

Blood Urea Nitrogen or BUN Test - AskApollo. AskApollo.com. (2022). Retrieved 28 May 2022, from https://healthlibrary.askapollo.com/blood-urea-nitrogen-or-bun-test/

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#751aicare_prod_new710μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 57 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 57
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:751
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#779aicare_prod_new9.01msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 1091 where `id` = 3742
      Bindings
      • 0: 1091
      • 1: 3742
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:779
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new10.15msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 3742, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-23 22:15:53', '2025-04-23 22:15:53')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 3742
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-23 22:15:53
      • 8: 2025-04-23 22:15:53
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:779
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new980μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 38 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 38
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.42msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7681 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7681
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.76msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7720 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7720
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.73msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 269 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 269
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new810μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 1 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.79msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2640 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2640
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.83msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8185 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8185
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.09msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1136 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1136
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.83msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9654 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9654
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.97msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7639 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7639
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.02msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7480 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7480
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.05msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6285 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6285
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.13msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6289 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6289
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new860μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new710μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new810μsselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    138Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    21Category.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    3Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\User
    2User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        mJDnuT7QVuVnaOAaRHnpaA2nAyGLkc4lTCHW7pMi
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/fungsi-ginjal/ureum-darah" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /fungsi-ginjal/ureum-darah
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.144.211.57" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.144.211.57" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
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