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Suplemen Vitamin dan Mineral yang Diperlukan Lansia, Apa Saja?

Suplemen Vitamin dan Mineral yang Diperlukan Lansia, Apa Saja?
Credit: Freepik. Lansia mungkin memerlukan suplemen vitamin tambahan.

Bagikan :


Suplemen vitamin dapat diberikan pada berbagai kelompok usia, mulai dari anak-anak hingga dewasa, termasuk lansia. Seiring bertambahnya usia, beberapa lansia kemungkinan sulit untuk memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi dengan tepat sehingga dibutuhkan asupan suplemen. Apa saja suplemen yang dibutuhkan lansia? Berikut ini ulasannya.

 

Mengapa Lansia Perlu Tambahan Suplemen Vitamin?

Semakin bertambahnya usia, kecepatan metabolisme tubuh dan kemampuan tubuh untuk menyerap nutrisi penting akan berkurang. Hal ini menyebabkan tubuh kekurangan nutrisi penting dalam tubuh. Untuk itu, beberapa lansia memerlukan suplemen dalam memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi harian.

Meskipun demikian, sebaiknya para lansia tidak mengonsumsi suplemen secara sembarangan tanpa konsultasi dokter. Sebagian besar orang-orang mengonsumsi vitamin secara berlebihan dan bukan mengonsumsi vitamin yang diperlukan tubuh.

Kelebihan vitamin akan segera dibuang oleh ginjal dan tidak disimpan oleh tubuh. Karenanya, sebelum minum suplemen sebaiknya konsultasikan terlebih dahulu mengenai nutrisi yang kurang di dalam tubuh.

Beberapa nutrisi yang biasanya diperlukan oleh lansia di antaranya:

Vitamin D

Kelompok lansia terkadang lebih banyak menghabiskan aktivitasnya di dalam rumah sehingga kurang mendapatkan asupan vitamin D yang cukup dari sinar matahari. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan vitamin D, Anda bisa mendapatkannya melalui minyak ikan, telur, margarine, yoghurt dan sereal dengan fortifikasi vitamin.

Memenuhi kebutuhan vitamin D dapat membantu mengurangi risiko penyakit kronis seperti kanker, rematik, multiple sclerosis dan penyakit autoimun. Pada lansia, kekurangan vitamin D juga meningkatkan risiko badan mudah terjatuh. Untuk mengetahui apakah lansia kekurangan vitamin D sebaiknya konsultasikan ke dokter sebelum memutuskan untuk minum suplemen.

Baca Juga: 6 Bahaya Kekurangan Zat Besi pada Ibu Hamil

 

Zat Besi

Zat besi adalah mineral yang memegang peranan penting dalam tubuh, termasuk salah satunya membuat sel darah merah yang mengedarkan oksigen ke seluruh tubuh. Kelompok lansia dianjurkan untuk mengonsumsi suplemen zat besi jika diketahui tubuhnya memiliki kadar zat besi yang kurang.

Kekurangan zat besi di usia 50 tahun ke atas dapat mengindikasikan adanya masalah kesehatan lainnya. Untuk itu, dianjurkan melakukan pemeriksaan kebutuhan zat besi sebelum mengonsumsi suplemen zat besi.

Selain dari suplemen, kebutuhan zat besi dapat dipenuhi dengan memperbanyak vitamin C serta makanan yang kaya akan zat besi seperti bayam, jeruk, aprikot, kangkung, dan jagung.

Baca Juga: Kenali Tanda-Tanda Tubuh Kekurangan Kalsium (Hipokalsemia)

 

Kalsium

Semakin bertambahnya usia, tubuh jarang mendapat asupan kalsium sehingga berisiko kekurangan kalsium. Kekurangan kalsium dapat meningkatkan risiko patah tulang atau tulang mudah keropos.

Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kalsium, Anda dapat mengonsumsi suplemen kalsium atau memenuhinya melalui makanan kaya kalsium seperti kale, brokoli, dan jus yang sudah difortifikasi dengan kalsium.

 

Vitamin B kompleks

Vitamin B kompleks adalah sekelompok nutrisi yang berperan penting untuk menunjang kerja tubuh seperti menjaga kulit dan sistem saraf tetap sehat dan membantu pembentukan sel darah merah. Kekurangan vitamin B kompleks meningkatkan risiko anemia dan masalah saraf seperti gangguan memori.

Beberapa jenis vitamin B kompleks seperti vitamin B1, B6, dan B12 termasuk golongan vitamin yang tidak dapat diproduksi sendiri oleh tubuh sehingga perlu asupan dari makanan atau suplemen.

Dosis suplemen vitamin B kompleks yang dianjurkan antara lain 2 mg per hari, namun sebaiknya konsultasikan ke dokter terlebih dahulu sebelum minum suplemen.

 

Kebutuhan nutrisi lansia sulit untuk digeneralisasi. Beberapa orang membutuhkan lebih banyak nutrisi tertentu dan lebih sedikit nutrisi lainnya, namun tidak semua lansia memiliki kebutuhan nutrisi yang sama.

Untuk memastikan apakah Anda termasuk kelompok lansia yang kekurangan nutrisi tertentu, sebaiknya periksakan ke dokter. Dokter akan merekomendasikan suplemen atau pola makan tertentu agar tetap dapat memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi tubuh.

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Jumat, 16 Juni 2023 | 06:58

Age UK. Vitamins for Older People. Available from: https://www.ageuk.org.uk/information-advice/health-wellbeing/healthy-eating/vitamins-for-older-people/

Jaret, P. (2022). Older Adults: 9 Nutrients You May Be Missing. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/healthy-aging/features/missing-nutrients

National Institute of Aging. Dietary Supplements for Older Adults. Available from: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/dietary-supplements-older-adults

 

 

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new720μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 2 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.91msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8153 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8153
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.01msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8055 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8055
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.94msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4270 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.88msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9803 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9803
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.85msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9950 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9950
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.77msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8084 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8084
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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