Mengenal Fungsi Enzim Lipase dalam Sistem Pencernaan

Mengenal Fungsi Enzim Lipase dalam Sistem Pencernaan
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Enzim lipase merupakan salah satu enzim yang berperan penting dalam sistem pencernaan. Bersama dengan enzim pencernaan lainnya seperti enzim amilase, protease dan tripsin. Setiap enzim memiliki fungsi masing-masing dalam mencerna makanan. Simak ulasan berikut untuk mengetahui fungsi enzim lipase dalam pencernaan manusia. 

 

Apa Itu Enzim Lipase? 

Enzim lipase adalah salah satu enzim pencernaan. Makanan yang masuk ke dalam tubuh perlu dipecah menjadi bentuk yang lebih kecil agar mudah diserap oleh tubuh. Untuk memecah makanan ini diperlukan adanya enzim pencernaan. Sebagian besar enzim lipase dihasilkan di pankreas, namun enzim ini juga dapat ditemukan di seluruh sistem pencernaan lainnya seperti mulut, lambung, dan usus. 

Enzim lipase yang berada di lambung berfungsi untuk mencerna asam lemak, lipase yang berada di mulut berfungsi untuk mempercepat pencernaan asam lemak awal sedangkan enzim lipase yang berada di pankreas berfungsi memecah sebagian lemak makanan menjadi asam lemak dan gliserol. Apabila seseorang kekurangan enzim lipase, maka tubuhnya akan kekurangan vitamin yang larut dalam lemak seperti vitamin A, D, E dan K. 

Simak informasi menarik lainnya seputar Masalah Pencernaan di sini

Fungsi Enzim Lipase

Salah satu fungsi enzim lipase dalam pencernaan adalah memecah lemak dalam makanan (trigliserida) menjadi molekul yang lebih kecil yaitu asam lemak dan gliserol. Selain itu, enzim lipase juga memiliki fungsi penting lainnya dalam pencernaan antara lain:

1. Membantu Proses Metabolisme

Seperti halnya enzim lainnya, enzim lipase berfungsi untuk mengatur reaksi kimia dalam proses metabolisme. Reaksi kimia antar zat dapat terjadi secara alamiah, namun membutuhkan proses yang cukup lambat. Dengan adanya enzim lipase, reaksi kimia menjadi lebih cepat dan efisien. Selain itu, enzim lipase memastikan bahwa reaksi kimia tersebut hanya terjadi ketika dibutuhkan sehingga mencegah tubuh menghabiskan energi untuk reaksi kimia yang tidak dibutuhkan dalam waktu tertentu. 

2. Membantu Menyerap Nutrisi

Enzim lipase berfungsi untuk mencerna lemak dari makanan. Ketika Anda mengonsumsi makanan berlemak, lemak tidak akan dicerna oleh lambung dan langsung menuju usus kecil. Di usus kecil, enzim lipase yang dihasilkan oleh pankreas memecah lemak menjadi bagian yang lebih kecil sehingga mampu melewati dinding usus. Lemak ini kemudian masuk ke saluran limfatik dan dibawa oleh aliran darah. 

3. Membantu Mengangkut Kolesterol

Dilansir dari Healthfully, fungsi enzim lipase yang tak kalah penting adalah untuk membantu tubuh mengemas kolesterol agar mudah diangkut ke aliran darah. Enzim lipase spesifik yang disebut LCAT (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase) bekerja dengan mengombinasikan kolesterol dengan asam lemak. Setelah lemak tersebut dikemas menjadi LDL dan HDL yang dikenal sebagai kolesterol jahat dan kolesterol baik, enzim kemudian akan memindahkan kolesterol tersebut. 

4. Memecah Lemak pada ASI agar Mudah dicerna Bayi

Enzim lipase juga banyak ditemukan dalam ASI. Sistem pencernaan bayi belum mampu mencerna lemak dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, kandungan lipase pada ASI bermanfaat untuk membantu bayi mencerna lemak. 

 

Apa yang Terjadi Jika Kekurangan Enzim Lipase?

Ketika tubuh kekurangan enzim lipase yang berfungsi memecah lemak, maka proses metabolisme tubuh akan terganggu. Salah satu risikonya adalah mengalami gangguan metabolisme termasuk penumpukan kolesterol dalam tubuh. Kurangnya enzim lipase dalam tubuh juga dapat menjadi indikasi gangguan kesehatan di pankreas seperti penyakit celiac dan pembengkakan pada pankreas baik akut maupun kronis.

Lipase merupakan salah satu enzim penting dalam pencernaan. Kekurangan enzim lipase membuat tubuh mengalami masalah dalam penyerapan nutrisi. Untuk menjaga kesehatan pencernaan, dianjurkan mengurangi konsumsi alkohol dan menjaga pola makan rendah lemak. Apabila Anda mengalami masalah pencernaan, segera konsultasikan ke dokter agar mendapat penanganan yang tepat.

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya, cek di sini ya!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 23:38

Hendrickson, K. (2017). What Are the Functions of Enzymes?. Available from: https://healthfully.com/what-are-the-functions-of-lipase-enzymes-6792295.html

Pietrangelo, A. (2021). What Are Digestive Enzymes and How Do They Work?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/exocrine-pancreatic-insufficiency/the-role-of-digestive-enzymes-in-gi-disorders#types

Watson, K. (2019). What is Pancreatitis?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/pancreatitis-diet

World of Enzymes. Lipase. http://worldofenzymes.info/enzymes-introduction/lipase/

Hoskin, M. (2021). What is High Lipase Breast Milk?. Available from: https://www.whattoexpect.com/first-year/breastfeeding/high-lipase-breast-milk

Mount Sinai. Lipase. Available from: https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/supplement/lipase#

 

 

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    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.64msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 525 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 525
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.36msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3041 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3041
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 6862
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 9902
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.66msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3148 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3148
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.66msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2711 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2711
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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