Cara Mengatasi Sesak Napas pada Anak-Anak

Cara Mengatasi Sesak Napas pada Anak-Anak
Credit: Freepik. Sesak napas adalah salah satu gangguan pernapasan yang bisa dialami anak-anak.

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Sesak napas adalah salah satu gangguan pernapasan yang bisa dialami anak-anak. Terkadang, sesak napas membuat anak lemas dan tidak berdaya sehingga membuat orang tua khawatir. Karenanya, setiap orang tua perlu mengetahui cara menangani sesak napas pada anak agar kondisi tersebut segera mereda.

 

Penyebab Sesak Napas

Sesak napas atau yang dikenal dengan dyspnea adalah kondisi dimana Anda mengalami sulit bernapas, terasa tidak nyaman, atau napas terasa cepat. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya pasokan oksigen ke seluruh tubuh. Akibatnya seluruh organ dan bagian tubuh bekerja keras untuk bernapas.

Kondisi ini dapat dialami oleh segala usia, baik anak-anak hingga usia dewasa. Sesak napas dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai masalah kesehatan seperti asma, serangan panik, gangguan kecemasan, GERD, pneumonia, dan kondisi lainnya.

Untuk itu, orang tua perlu lebih cermat mengenali penyebab sesak napas pada anak agar mengetahui cara yang tepat untuk mengatasi sesak napas pada anak.

 

Pengobatan Sesak Napas pada Anak dengan Obat-Obatan

Sesak napas sebenarnya bukan merupakan sebuah penyakit namun gejala dari penyakit atau kondisi tertentu. Penanganan sesak napas dengan obat-obatan dapat disesuaikan dengan penyebabnya. Beberapa penanganan yang bisa diberikan untuk mengatasi sesak napas pada anak antara lain:

 

Kortikosteroid Hirup

Dilansir dari Mayo Clinic, salah satu pengobatan untuk mengatasi sesak napas pada anak akibat asma adalah dengan menggunakan kortikosteroid hirup. Dengan menghirup kortikisteroid, peradangan pada saluran pernapasan akan mereda sehingga si kecil dapat bernapas lebih lega.

 

Bronkodilator

Apabila sesak napas yang dirasakan anak disebabkan oleh asma atau penyakit paru lainnya, dokter dapat meresepkan bronkodilator untuk melegakan pernapasan. Meskipun bukan pengobatan utama pada asma, namun bronkodilator yang berfungsi melebarkan saluran pernapasan dan melemaskan otot pada paru ini dapat membuat anak bernapas lega.

 

Obat Antikecemasan

Anak dapat mengalami sesak napas akibat gangguan kecemasan atau stres. Jika ini terjadi, Anda dapat memberinya obat-obatan anticemas. Namun obat ini perlu menggunakan resep dokter. Sebagai alternatif, Anda dapat mengajak anak untuk latihan pernapasan ketika mengalami gangguan kecemasan.

 

Oksigen Tambahan

Ketika anak mengalami sesak napas, Anda dapat memberikan oksigen tambahan untuk membantu melegakan pernapasannya. Namun Anda perlu menyediakan oksigen cair dalam tangki yang siap dipakai setiap saat.

 

Pengobatan Rumahan untuk Anak Sesak Napas

Sesak napas yang dialami anak-anak dapat diatasi dengan pengobatan rumahan. Terkadang dengan memberikan pengobatan rumahan, sesak napas yang dialami anak akan mereda dengan sendirinya. Beberapa pengobatan rumahan untuk mengatasi sesak napas yang perlu Anda ketahui antara lain:

 

Ajak anak untuk duduk bersandar. Sesak napas dapat terjadi kapan saja, baik ketika anak-anak sedang bermain di luar atau di dalam rumah. Jika Anda mendapati anak sesak napas, maka segera cari tempat yang nyaman untuk menenangkan diri dan dudukkan anak di tempat yang memiliki sandaran.

Apabila tidak ada tempat yang nyaman untuk bersandar, Anda bisa membaringkan anak di kasur atau tempat yang datar. Jangan lupa untuk menyangga kepala anak dengan bantal agar posisi kepala lebih tinggi dari dada. Posisi ini dapat membantu anak untuk mengatur pernapasan menjadi lebih baik.

 

Beri anak minum. Setelah pernapasannya lebih lega, Anda dapat memberikan minum hangat untuk si kecil. Hindari memberikan minum ketika napas anak masih sangat cepat karena dapat memicu tersedak.

 

Berikan kipas angin. Sebuah penelitian di tahun 2010 menyebutkan bahwa mengarahkan udara kipas angin ke area hidung dan wajah dapat mengurangi sesak napas. Embusan angin yang diarahkan ke wajah dapat melegakan saluran pernapasan.

Penanganan sesak napas pada anak dapat dilakukan dengan pengobatan dari dokter maupun pengobatan rumahan. Sebaiknya segera konsultasikan ke dokter jika napas anak terus tersengal-sengal selama beberapa waktu dan napasnya terhenti selama lebih dari 10 detik. Semakin cepat penanganan maka peluang kesembuhan anak akan semakin besar.

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 17 April 2023 | 00:23
Tags : sesak napas Masalah pernapasan melegakan pernapasn

Health Navigator. How do I know if my child is struggling to breathe?. Available from: https://www.healthnavigator.org.nz/health-a-z/b/breathing-difficulties-in-children/#

WebMD Editorial Contributors. (2021). Available from: https://www.webmd.com/first-aid/breathing-problems-in-children

Mayo Clinic. Shortness of Breath. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/shortness-of-breath/basics/when-to-see-doctor/sym-20050890

Nicklaus Children’s Hospital. Forst Aid for an Infant Choking. Available from: https://www.nicklauschildrens.org/news-events/video-center/first-aid-for-an-infant-choking

 

Medine Plus. Breathing Difficulties - First Aid. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000007.htm

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