Tanda-Tanda dan Penyebab bila Mengalami Osteopenia

Tanda-Tanda dan Penyebab bila Mengalami Osteopenia
Credits: Freepik. Osteopenia adalah kondisi dimana tulang menjadi lemah.

Bagikan :


Osteopenia tidak sama dengan osteoporosis. Osteopenia adalah kondisi di mana tulang menjadi lemah, jika dibiarkan kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan tulang mudah retak atau patah yang merupakan gejala khas dari osteoporosis.

Orang yang mengalami osteopenia disarankan untuk menjaga kesehatan tulang, agar tidak jatuh ke kondisi osteoporosis. Anda dapat melakukan tes kepadatan tulang untuk memantau kondisinya.

Anda dapat membaca artikel mengenai tes kepadatan tulang disini: Mengenal Manfaat dan Jenis Tes Kepadatan Tulang | AI Care (ai-care.id)

 

Apa itu Osteopenia dan Bagaimana Bisa Terjadi?

Secara umum osteopenia digambarkan sebagai masalah di mana tulang kehilangan kepadatannya. Rendahnya kandungan mineral di dalam tulang, pada akhirnya membuat tulang menjadi lemah dan rapuh.

Osteopenia bahkan tidak hanya umum dialami orang di usia 50 tahun ke atas, namun juga bisa dialami mereka yang kekurangan gizi, dan wanita menopause.

Tulang akan tetap memproduksi jaringan setiap hari untuk menggantikan jaringan yang menua. Setelah memasuki usia 30 tahunan, produksi jaringan ini akan mengalami penurunan, sehingga tulang akan mengalami penurunan kepadatan seiring bertambahnya usia.

Selain itu, kondisi kesehatan tertentu juga dapat mempercepat hilangnya mineral di dalam tulang yang memicu osteopenia, misalnya seperti:

  • Hipertiroidisme
  • Gizi buruk, terutama akibat kekurangan asupan kalsium dan vitamin D 
  • Sedang menjalani pengobatan kanker, tekanan darah tinggi dan kejang
  • Perubahan hormon akibat menopause
  • Pasca pembedahan sistem pencernaan
  • Pola hidup tidak sehat seperti terlalu banyak mengonsumsi kafein, minuman beralkohol, merokok dan tidak pernah berolahraga

 

Tanda-Tanda Osteopenia

Osteopenia seringkali tidak disertai tanda atau gejala apapun, sehingga seseorang mungkin tidak menyadari bahwa osteopenia sedang berkembang di dalam tubuhnya.

Bahkan orang dengan osteopenia jarang mengalami rasa nyeri di tulang atau kelemahan tulang. Untuk itu, Anda perlu melakukan pemeriksaan tulang apabila Anda memiliki faktor risiko yang dapat menyebabkan osteopenia.

 

Apakah Osteopenia dapat Disembuhkan?

Tidak ada obat yang dapat menyembuhkan osteopenia. Namun dengan melakukan perubahan gaya hidup, tentunya Anda dapat mencegah kehilangan mineral tulang yang dapat berkembang menjadi osteoporosis.

Untuk mengatasi osteopenia, dokter akan memberikan beberapa rekomendasi, di antaranya:

  • Mencukupi kebutuhan kalsium dan vitamin D
  • Pola diet sehat
  • Aktif berolahraga

 

Mencegah Osteopenia, Apa yang Harus Dilakukan?

Ada beberapa strategi yang efektif untuk mencegah kehilangan kepadatan tulang dan menjaga kesehatan tulang, di antaranya:

  • Berhenti merokok
  • Mengonsumsi makanan sehat dengan nutrisi seimbang, seperti buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran, dan makanan yang mengandung kalsium
  • Rutin berilahraga, seperti berjalan kaki, jogging atau latihan beban
  • Mengonsumsi setidaknya 1.200 mg kalsium setiap hari
  • Mengonsumsi setidaknya 800-1.000 IU vitamin D setiap hari
  • Berjemur di bawah sinar matahari (pada pagi hari)
  • Membatasi asupan minuman beralkohol

 

Osteopenia dapat muncul tanpa adanya tanda dan gejala sampai kondisi osteopenia menjadi osteoporosis. Jika Anda berisiko mengalami osteopenia, diskusikan dengan dokter cara untuk memantau kepadatan tulang. Perubahan gaya hidup dan pengobatan dapat membantu menghambat proses pengeroposan tulang. 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 04:49

Cleveland Clinic (2021). Osteopenia. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21855-osteopenia

Sandy McDowell (2021). What Is Osteopenia?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/osteopenia

 

WebMD (2021). What Is Osteopenia?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/osteopenia-early-signs-of-bone-loss

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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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