Tanda dan Gejala Batuk Pertusis pada Orang Dewasa

Tanda dan Gejala Batuk Pertusis pada Orang Dewasa
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Batuk sebenarnya adalah refleks alami untuk membersihkan pernapasan. Batuk bisa disebabkan oleh infeksi virus maupun bakteri, misalnya saja batuk rejan.

Batuk rejan atau disebut juga batuk pertusis adalah batuk parah dan khas yang disertai dengan napas bernada tinggi. Walaupun batuk ini biasanya menyerang anak-anak, namun orang dewasa juga bisa terserang batuk pertusis.

 

Perbedaan Batuk Pertusis dengan Batuk Biasa

Penanganan batuk rejan tidak bisa disamakan dengan batuk biasa karena penyebab yang berbeda. Bila biasanya batuk disebabkan oleh infeksi virus pernapasan seperti rhinovirus, coronavirus atau influenza, batuk rejan disebabkan oleh bakteri yang bernama Bordetella pertussis.

Batuk biasa umumnya ditandai dengan batuk kering, batuk produktif dengan dahak, pilek, sakit tenggorokan dan juga demam. Sedangkan batuk rejan ditandai dengan serangan batuk parah berkepanjangan serta suara mengi saat menghirup napas.

Dibandingkan batuk biasa yang bisa sembuh dalam beberapa minggu, batuk rejan juga biasanya bisa berlangsung berbulan-bulan serta membutuhkan waktu lebih lama untuk bisa sembuh sepenuhnya. Ini disebabkan karena batuk rejan memiliki fase perkembangan yang dibagi menjadi tiga, fase awal, fase paroksismal dan juga fase konvalesen.

 

Baca Juga: Perbedaan Batuk TB dan Batuk Biasa

 

Gejala Batuk Pertusis pada Orang Dewasa

Batuk pertusis cenderung lebih mudah menular dan menyebar melalui droplets yang dihirup saat orang yang terinfeksi batuk atau bersin. Dibutuhkan setidaknya 10 hari masa inkubasi sebelum gejala dan tanda batuk pertusis muncul. Adapun gejalanya jika menginfeksi orang dewasa adalah sebagai berikut:

Gejala awal

  • Hidung berair
  • Hidung tersumbat
  • Mata kemerahan dan berair
  • Demam
  • Batuk

Gejala lanjutan

Setelah satu atau dua minggu, gejala akan makin memburuk. Saluran pernapasan akan dipenuhi dengan penumpukan lendir tebal yang menyebabkan batuk terus-menerus dan tak dapat dikontrol. Pada tahap ini, gejalanya akan makin terlihat parah di antaranya:

  • Batuk yang memicu muntah
  • Batuk yang menyebabkan wajah kemerahan atau kebiruan
  • Kelelahan ekstrem
  • Suara mengi bernada tinggi saat menghirup napas

Gejala lanjutan ini bisa berlangsung hingga 6 atau paling lama 10 minggu. Selanjutnya, gejala konvalesen seperti batuk yang terlihat membaik akan muncul. Pada saat ini batuk tidak lagi menular, namun Anda akan merasa seperti batuk ringan yang bisa bertahan 2-3 minggu sampai kemudian benar-benar sembuh.

 

Baca Juga: Sedang Batuk, Ini Cara Membersihkan Dahak Secara Alami

 

Berbahayakah Batuk Pertusis pada Orang Dewasa?

Batuk pertusis bisa menyebabkan aneka komplikasi, seperti:

  • Penurunan berat badan
  • Pneumonia (radang paru-paru)
  • Inkontinensia urine (kesulitan menahan urine keluar saat batuk)
  • Tulang rusuk yang patah karena batuk
  • Kurang tidur

Untuk mencegah komplikasi tersebut, setiap orang dewasa disarankan mendapatkan vaksin Tdap sebagai dosis penguat untuk melawan infeksi pertusis.

Anda juga disarankan untuk menjalani pengobatan rutin dan mengonsumsi antibiotik yang telah diresepkan dokter untuk mengurangi keparahan gejala dan waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk bisa sembuh.

 

Konsultasikan gejala batuk rejan bila Anda terus-menerus muntah setelah batuk, wajah berubah kebiruan, kesulitan bernapas, atau suara mengi yang parah saat menarik napas. Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store dan Play Store.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Selasa, 18 Juli 2023 | 03:48

Lindsey Konkel (2020). Pertussis in Adults. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/new-baby-vaccination-guide/pertussis-in-adults-signs-symptoms 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Whooping cough. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/whooping-cough/symptoms-causes/syc-20378973 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Cough. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/17755-cough 

CDC (2021). Tdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis) VIS. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statements/tdap.html 

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    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.96msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1789 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.5msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9812 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9812
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.64msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4817 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4817
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.62msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 256 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 256
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.97msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6538 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8455
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.42msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9198 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9198
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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