Penyebab Sakit Perut Bagian Bawah

Penyebab Sakit Perut Bagian Bawah
Ilustrasi nyeri perut bagian bawah. Credits: Freepik

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Sakit perut bagian bawah merupakan kondisi yang umum dialami banyak orang. Rasa sakitnya bisa bersifat sementara dan tidak berbahaya. Namun, dalam beberapa kasus, ini bisa menandakan masalah kesehatan yang serius.

Ketahui, apa saja yang dapat menyebabkan sakit perut bagian bawah, dan apa yang harus dilakukan bila mengalaminya.

 

Penyebab Sakit Perut Bagian Bawah

Gangguan pencernaan

Masalah pencernaan adalah salah satu penyebab umum sakit perut bagian bawah yang tidak berbahaya. Masalah seperti sembelit, gas berlebih, atau perut kembung bisa menyebabkan rasa sakit yang tajam atau kram.

Sembelit misalnya, terjadi ketika pergerakan usus melambat. Akibatnya, tinja akan menumpuk dan memberikan tekanan pada dinding usus. Ini dapat menimbulkan rasa sakit di bagian bawah perut.

Usus buntu

Peradangan usus buntu atau apendisitis merupakan kondisi yang serius dan membutuhkan pertolongan medis segera. Ini terjadi ketika usus buntu (apendiks) menjadi tersumbat atau terinfeksi.

Selain nyeri perut bagian kanan bawah, usus buntu juga sering disertai gejala lain seperti demam ringan, mual dan muntah, kehilangan nafsu makan, perut kembung, serta kesulitan mengeluarkan gas.

Pengobatan utama usus buntu biasanya adalah operasi pengangkatan usus buntu. Tindakan perlu segera diberikan untuk mencegah infeksi serius di rongga perut dan terbentuknya abses.

Baca Juga: Tanda-Tanda Sakit Perut Akibat Usus Buntu

Radang usus besar

Radang usus besar juga dapat menyebabkan rasa sakit di perut bagian bawah. Ini umumnya terjadi apabila usus besar mengalami peradangan, baik karena infeksi bakteri, virus, atau parasit.

Radang usus besar biasanya ditandai dengan gejala kram di perut bagian kiri bawah, diare disertai lendir atau darah, kehilangan nafsu makan, penurunan berat badan, perasaan mendesak untuk buang air besar, demam, dan kelelahan. Gejala tersebut bisa bersifat hilang timbul, sehingga sangat penting untuk memeriksakan diri ke dokter dan mendapat pengobatan.

Infeksi ginjal

Nyeri perut bagian bawah juga bisa disebabkan oleh infeksi ginjal. Infeksi ini umumnya terjadi ketika ada infeksi saluran kemih yang menyebar ke ginjal.

Rasa sakit akibat kondisi ini sering dirasakan di bawah tulang rusuk di sisi yang terkena, yang bisa meluas ke sekitar perut dan selangkangan. Selain itu, Anda juga mungkin mengalami demam disertai menggigil dan kedinginan.

Retensi urine akut

Retensi urine akut adalah kondisi di mana tiba-tiba tidak bisa buang air kecil meskipun merasakan dorongan untuk melakukannya. Kondisi ini lebih sering dialami oleh pria berusia lanjut, yang bisa disebabkan oleh infeksi saluran kemih, penyumbatan saluran kemih, cedera atau trauma, gangguan saraf, atau akibat efek samping obat.

Retensi urine akut sering ditandai dengan nyeri parah di perut bagian bawah akibat kandung kemih penuh dan tertekan. Terkadang perut bagian bawah juga bisa terlihat sangat bengkak karena penumpukan urine.

Baca Juga: Urine Berwarna Cokelat Gelap, Ini Penyebabnya

Batu ginjal

Batu ginjal sering ditandai dengan nyeri yang dimulai di area pinggang, kemudian menyebar ke perut bagian bawah dan selangkangan. Nyeri yang dirasakan sering digambarkan sebagai nyeri yang tajam, berdenyut, atau kram yang dapat datang dan pergi.

Saat batu ginjal bergerak menuju kandung kemih, Anda mungkin merasakan sakit saat buang air kecil. Urine yang dikeluarkan juga bisa berwarna merah muda, merah, atau cokelat.

 

Karena ada banyak kondisi yang bisa menyebabkan nyeri perut bagian bawah, sebaiknya Anda memeriksakan diri dan berkonsultasi dengan dokter saat mengalaminya. Dokter dapat memberikan terapi yang tepat untuk mengatasi keluhan Anda.

Memiliki pertanyaan lain terkait dengan nyeri perut? Anda bisa berkonsultasi dengan dokter kami melalui layanan konsultasi kesehatan Ai Care yang dapat diunduh di App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 30 September 2024 | 14:36

Steph Coelho (2024). Lower Abdominal Pain: Potential Causes and Treatment. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/lower-abdominal-pain-5184279 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Lower Abdominal Pain. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/24530-lower-abdominal-pain 

John Hopkins Medicine. Constipation. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/constipation 

Cleveland Clinic (2023). Appendicitis. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8095-appendicitis 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Colitis. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23384-colitis 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Kidney infection. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20353387 

Cleveland Clinic (2024). Urinary Retention. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15427-urinary-retention 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Kidney stones. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-stones/symptoms-causes/syc-20355755 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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