Waspadai Bahaya Bulu Hewan Peliharaan bagi Paru-Paru

Waspadai Bahaya Bulu Hewan Peliharaan bagi Paru-Paru
Credits: Freepik. Alergi bulu hewan dapat menimbulkan gejala bersin-bersin.

Bagikan :


Memelihara hewan memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan tubuh, seperti membantu meningkatkan interaksi sosial, mencegah kesepian, dan terutama meningkatkan kesehatan mental. Namun memelihara hewan, terutama hewan yang berbulu berisiko terhadap kesehatan paru-paru. 
 

Alergi Bulu Hewan Peliharaan

Seseorang bisa mengalami alergi ketika sistem kekebalan tubuh bereaksi terhadap zat asing, seperti serbuk sari, racun lebah, makanan, atau bulu hewan peliharaan. Tidak semua orang akan menunjukkan reaksi yang sama, karena sistem kekebalan tubuh setiap orang berbeda-beda. 
 
Gejala dan tingkat keparahan alergi juga bisa bervariasi pada setiap orang, dari iritasi ringan hingga berat yang dapat menimbulkan reaksi anafilaksis (kondisi alergi yang bisa mengancam jiwa). 
 
Selain bulu hewan, alergi juga dapat dipicu oleh suatu protein yang ditemukan dalam air luir, urine, dan feses hewan. Zat alergen ini dapat bertahan lebih lama dan menempel pada peralatan rumah tangga, seperti furniture, tempat tidur, dan pakaian. 
 

Gejala Alergi Bulu Hewan Peliharaan

Gejala dan tanda alergi bulu hewan peliharaan beragam. Tidak semua orang mengalami gejala yang sama, namun gejala yang muncul biasanya dipicu karena adanya peradangan di saluran pernapasan, di antaranya:
  • Bersin-bersin 
  • Hidung berair 
  • Mata kemerahan, gatal, dan berair
  • Gatal pada hidung dan langit-langit mulut atau tenggorokan 
  • Batuk 
Gejala alergi bulu hewan piaraan juga mungkin terlihat pada kulit, di antaranya:
  • Kulit terasa sangat gatal 
  • Kulit bentol-bentol kemerahan 

 

Dampak Alergi Bulu Hewan Peliharaan bagi Paru-Paru 

Bulu hewan dapat terhirup melalui hidung atau mulut. Selain itu, bulu hewan juga dapat masuk ke paru-paru jika Anda menyentuhnya secara langsung dan kemudian menyentuh hidung atau mulut. 
 
Bulu hewan mengandung endotoksin, suatu bahan kimia yang dapat memicu reaksi fisik berbahaya. Endotoksin dapat merangsang sistem kekebalan tubuh, khususnya imunoglobulin E (IgE). Namun, zat kimia lain seperti histamin juga dapat dilepaskan oleh tubuh sebagai reaksi adanya alergi.
 
Reaksi imun yang terjadi akibat paparan zat alergen ini dapat menyebabkan penyempitan dan peradangan pada saluran pernapasan sehingga penderita dapat merasakan sesak napas atau gangguan pernapasan lain seperti batuk atau bersin-bersin.
 
Jika peradangan yang terjadi berlangsung terus-menerus dalam jangka waktu yang lama, hal ini dapat menyebabkan sumbatan pada rongga hidung dan memicu terjadinya sinusitis (peradangan pada rongga sinus).
 
Selain itu, paparan bulu hewan dapat memperberat kondisi asma. Penderita asma mungkin akan sulit mengontrol gejalanya dan membutuhkan perawatan medis segera.  
 

Cara Mencegah Alergi Bulu Hewan Peliharaan

Cara terbaik agar terhindar dari alergi bulu hewan adalah meminimalisir paparan dan menghindari kontak. Jika Anda tidak bisa menghindari kontak langsung, maka pastikan untuk membersihkan semua perabotan, karpet, sprei, dan pakaian dari bulu hewan. 
 
Anda juga disarankan untuk segera mencuci tangan atau bahkan mandi setelah melakukan kontak langsung dengan hewan peliharaan. 
 
Anda mungkin perlu mempertimbangkan memilih jenis hewan peliharaan lain, terutama hewan berbulu apabila Anda memiliki riwayat asma, atau penyakit terkait sistem pernapasan lainnya. Sediakan zona bebas hewan peliharaan sehingga Anda memiliki akses udara yang bebas dari alergen. 
 
Alergi bulu hewan sebaiknya tidak dibiarkan berkembang. Segera periksakan diri ke dokter dan dapatkan pengobatan yang tepat untuk mengatasi reaksi alergi dan gejala lain yang dirasakan. Mendapatkan pengobatan lebih dini akan membantu mencegah kerusakan pada paru-paru. 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 
Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 21:00
American Lung Association (2022). Pet Dander. Available from: https://www.lung.org/clean-air/at-home/indoor-air-pollutants/pet-dander
 
Hannah Nichols (2021). What to know about animal allergies. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/animal-allergy
 
 

 

Stacey Lastoe (2022). 6 Potential Health Benefits of Owning a Pet. Available from: https://www.everydayhealth.com/healthy-living/potential-health-benefits-of-owning-a-pet/
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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