Bupropion

Bupropion
Credit: Prescription Doctor.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Zyban.

 

Cara Kerja

Bupropion termasuk dalam kelas obat yang disebut antidepresan. Obat ini bekerja cara dengan membantu mengembalikan keseimbangan zat kimia alami neurotransmiter (senyawa yang mengirim dan menerima pesan antar sel saraf) di otak.

 

Indikasi

Obat bupropion digunakan untuk mengobati kondisi-kondisi seperti:

  • Gejala depresi
  • Kecanduan merokok

 

Kontraindikasi

Obat ini tidak boleh diberikan pada orang-orang dengan kondisi:

  • Riwayat alergi bupropion
  • Riwayat kejang
  • Riwayat gangguan makan misalnya:
    • Bulimia, mengonsumsi makanan dalam jumlah berlebihan kemudian diikuti rasa bersalah/menyesal karena telah kehilangan kendali
    • Anoreksia nervosa, pembatasan konsumsi makanan secara ketat, rasa takut gemuk, ketidakpuasan terhadap bentuk badan, dan memiliki pandangan keliru tentang berat badan
  • Tumor pada sistem saraf pusat
  • Riwayat gangguan bipolar (gangguan mental yang ditandai dengan perubahan suasana hati secara drastis)
  • Gangguan/penyakit hati yang parah
  • Obat ini dikeluarkan melalui ASI dan mungkin memiliki efek yang tidak diinginkan pada bayi yang menyusui

 

Efek Samping

Gejala yang dapat timbul sebagai efek samping konsumsi bupropion antara lain:

  • Mual
  • Muntah
  • Mulut kering
  • Sakit kepala
  • Sembelit
  • Keringat berlebihan
  • Nyeri sendi
  • Sakit tenggorokan
  • Rasa aneh di mulut
  • Diare
  • Pusing 
  • Peningkatan tekanan darah 

Beri tahu dokter Anda segera jika salah satu dari efek samping berikut:

  • Nyeri dada
  • Pingsan
  • Detak jantung menjadi cepat, berdebar atau tidak teratur
  • Gangguan pendengaran
  • Telinga berdenging
  • Sakit kepala hebat
  • Perubahan mental/suasana hati (seperti gelisah, kecemasan, kebingungan, halusinasi, kehilangan ingatan)
  • Gerakan gemetar yang tidak terkontrol (tremor)
  • Penurunan atau penambahan berat badan yang tidak biasa
  • Nyeri atau kelemahan pada otot
  • Gangguan penglihatan atau kelainan pada mata
  • Kejang

 

Sediaan

Bupropion tersedia dalam bentuk tablet.

 

Dosis

Depresi

  • Dewasa
    • Dosis awal 100 mg 2 kali sehari selama minimal 3 hari, dapat ditingkatkan menjadi 100 mg 3 kali sehari jika perlu
    • Dosis dapat dinaikkan hingga 150 mg 3 kali sehari jika tidak ada perbaikan setelah beberapa minggu pemberian terapi
    • Dosis maksimal 150 mg 3 kali sehari
  • Lansia
    • Tablet pelepasan segera: dosis awal 37,5 mg 2 kali sehari
    • Tablet lepas lambat: dosis awal 100 mg setiap hari
    • Dosis dapat ditingkatkan 37,5-100 mg setiap 3-4 hari sesuai toleransi pasien
    • Dosis maksimal: 300 mg per hari dalam dosis terbagi

 

Kecanduan Merokok

  • Dewasa
    • Dosis awal 150 mg sekali sehari selama 6 hari kemudian ditingkatkan menjadi 150 mg 2 kali sehari, berikan 8 jam di antara dosis selama 7-9 minggu
    • Dosis maksimal 300 mg per hari
  • Lansia
    • Dosis 150 mg sekali sehari selama 7-9 minggu

 

Keamanan

Obat ini dapat membuat Anda pusing atau memengaruhi kesimbangan Anda. Jangan mengemudi, menggunakan mesin, atau melakukan apa pun yang membutuhkan kewaspadaan sampai Anda dapat melakukannya dengan aman. Pasien lansia mungkin lebih sensitif terhadap efek samping obat ini, terutama pusing dan kehilangan ingatan. Pusing dapat meningkatkan risiko jatuh. Hindari juga konsumsi alkohol

Selama kehamilan, obat ini harus digunakan hanya jika benar-benar dibutuhkan. Diskusikan dengan dokter Anda tentang manfaat dan risiko penggunaan obat ini selama kehamilan.

 

Interaksi Obat

Bupropion tidak boleh diberikan bersamaan dengan obat monoamine oxidase inhibitors/MAOI (kelompok obat untuk mengobati gejala depresi) karena dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya keracunan dan efek samping serius. Obat golongan MAOI juga tidak boleh dikonsumsi dua minggu sebelum dan sesudah pengobatan dengan bupropion.

Bupropion juga tidak boleh digunakan jika Anda tiba-tiba menghentikan penggunaan obat penenang (termasuk benzodiazepin seperti lorazepam), obat yang digunakan untuk mengobati kejang, atau alkohol. Tindakan ini dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadi kejang.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr David Wiliam
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 17:12

MIMS Indonesia. Bupropion. Mims.com. Retrieved 31 March 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/bupropion?mtype=generic

Web MD. Bupropion Hcl – Uses, Side Effects, and More. Webmd.com. Retrieved 31 March 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-13507-155/bupropion-hcl-oral/bupropion-oral/details

Medlineplus. Bupropion. Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 31 March 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a695033.html

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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.77msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 587 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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