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  • MPASI pada Bayi dan Mengapa Tidak Boleh Diberi Garam

MPASI pada Bayi dan Mengapa Tidak Boleh Diberi Garam

MPASI pada Bayi dan Mengapa Tidak Boleh Diberi Garam

Bagikan :


Di usia 6 bulan, bayi boleh mulai diberikan makanan padat sebagai pendamping ASI. Sesuai dengan usianya, tekstur makanan yang diberikan sebagai pengenalan makanan pada anak harus agak cair, dan seiring dengan kemampuan bayi mengunyah makanan, tekstur makanan bisa semakin padat. Makanan pendamping ASI bisa diberikan saat buah hati Anda berusia 6 bulan sampai 2 tahun.

Mengenalkan MPASI pada bayi

Dilansir NHS, memperkenalkan makanan di usia 6 bulan sangatlah penting, sebab:

  • Memberikan ASI secara eksklusif hingga usia 6 bulan membantu mencegah bayi mudah sakit dan terserang infeksi, namun setelah 6 bulan, ASI atau susu formula saja tak lagi mencukupi kebutuhan nutrisi bayi
  • Di usia 6 bulan, organ pencernaan bayi siap untuk menerima makanan padat
  • Akan lebih mudah mengenalkan makanan karena ia sudah bisa belajar duduk
  • Bayi akan lebih mudah belajar mengunyah dan menelan, serta mengenal rasa dan tekstur makanan

Tanda bayi sudah siap dikenalkan dengan makanan pendamping ASI:

  • Sudah bisa duduk (walaupun dengan bantuan) dengan posisi kepala tegak
  • Ada koordinasi antara mata, tangan dan mulut saat mengambil dan memasukkan makanan ke dalam mulut
  • Berusaha mengunyah dan menelan makanan
  • Bayi mulai tertarik saat melihat orang lain makan dan mencoba meraih makanan yang disodorkan

Bahaya pemberian garam dalam MPASI bayi

Sangatlah penting memperkenalkan bayi pada aneka rasa dan tekstur makanan yang ada, namun sebaiknya Anda menunda perkenalan garam atau makanan mengandung garam, karena garam dapat memberikan efek yang buruk bagi kesehatan. Bila makanan asin dan manis sudah dikenalkan pada bayi dari usia sangat dini, ditakutkan anak Anda hanya akan memilih makanan asin di kemudian hari.

Bila bayi anda masih berusia kurang dari 1 tahun, sebaiknya pemberian garam dan gula ditunda atau hanya diberikan dengan kadar yang sesedikit mungkin. Semua organ pencernaan pada bayi sedang berkembang dan masih bertumbuh. Walaupun sudah siap menerima makanan, ginjal bayi masih belum mampu memproses garam dalam jumlah besar. Ditakutkan pemberian garam pada bayi dapat menimbulkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler dan tekanan darah tinggi di kemudian hari.

Berapa takaran garam yang diizinkan untuk anak?

Natrium adalah komponen utama garam yang merupakan nutrisi yang sehat bagi tubuh. Bayi juga membutuhkan natrium untuk memaksimalkan fungsi organ tubuh. Namun, asupan natrium untuk bayi tidak harus diperoleh dari garam. Natrium sudah dapat dipenuhi kebutuhannya lewat ASI atau susu formula tanpa perlu ditambah di makanan pendamping.

Pada anak usia 1 tahun, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) mengizinkan konsumsi 1.100 mg sodium per hari atau 2,8 gram garam. Sedangkan United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) hanya merekomendasikan 800 mg asupan sodium atau sekitar setengah sendok teh garam per hari untuk anak-anak di usia 1 tahun ke atas.

Cara membatasi asupan garam pada makanan bayi

Anda bisa tidak memasukkan garam dalam makanan bayi Anda bila masih berusia kurang dari 1 tahun. Ingatlah untuk selalu membilas bahan makanan yang digunakan sebelum memasak MPASI. Anda juga bisa mengecek label kemasan makanan dan memilih makanan dengan kandungan natrium/sodium yang rendah. Sebagian besar produk MPASI yang dijual di pasaran biasanya mengandung sedikit kadar garam, namun tidak ada salahnya untuk selalu memeriksa kadar garam di kemasannya. 

Makanan beku juga makanan resto biasanya memiliki kandungan garam yang lebih tinggi. Bila Anda membawa bayi Anda makan di luar, lebih baik Anda membawa makanan khusus untuk bayi Anda.

Setelah bayi Anda berusia 1 tahun, Anda bisa mulai menambahkan garam dalam makanan mereka.

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 17 April 2023 | 00:23

Petre A. Salt for Babies: How Much Is Safe?. Healthline (2021). Available from: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/salt-for-babies

Your babies' first solid foods. NHS (2019). Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/baby/weaning-and-feeding/babys-first-solid-foods/

Ninditya L, Fadhila S. Memberi Makan pada Bayi: Kapan, Apa, dan Bagaimana?. IDAI (2016). Available from: https://www.idai.or.id/artikel/klinik/pengasuhan-anak/memberi-makan-pada-bayi-kapan-apa-dan-bagaimana

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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