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  • Memahami Indeks Kualitas Udara, Kapan Waktu yang Aman untuk Olahraga Outdoor?

Memahami Indeks Kualitas Udara, Kapan Waktu yang Aman untuk Olahraga Outdoor?

Memahami Indeks Kualitas Udara, Kapan Waktu yang Aman untuk Olahraga Outdoor?
Credit: Freepik. Dengan mengetahui kualitas udara, Anda dapat mengukur risiko kesehatan yang mungkin terjadi jika beraktivitas di luar rumah.

Bagikan :


Udara yang kita hirup dapat memengaruhi kondisi kesehatan. Kualitas udara yang buruk telah lama dikaitkan dengan berbagai masalah kesehatan seperti penyakit jantung koroner, asma, penyakit jantung, kanker paru-paru dan masalah pernapasan lainnya. Untuk mengetahui kualitas udara di sekitar, Anda bisa menggunakan Indeks Kualitas Udara. 

 

Mengenal Indeks Kualitas Udara 

Penting bagi masyarakat untuk terus memantau kualitas udara agar dapat melakukan rangkaian pencegahan bahaya polusi udara bagi diri sendiri dan keluarga. Ada banyak cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengukur kualitas udara, salah satunya dengan Indeks Kualitas Udara atau Air Quality Index (AQI).

Indeks kualitas udara mengukur 6 polutan yang terdapat di udara, yaitu:

  • PM2.5: Partikel udara yang berukuran lebih kecil dari atau sama dengan 2.5 mikrometer
  • PM10: Partikel udara yang berukuran lebih kecil dari 10 mikrometer
  • Karbon monoksida: Gas yang dihasilkan dari pembakaran gas, minyak, petrol, bahan bakar padat atau kayu
  • Sulfur dioksida: Gas beracun yang dilepaskan alami dari gunung berapi dan dihasilkan dari aktivitas penambangan serta pembakaran bahan bakar fosil
  • Nitrogen dioksida: Gas utama pembentukan kabut asap dan prekursor banyak polutan sekunder berbahaya, termasuk ozon

Angka AQI dihitung berdasarkan polutan udara dengan angka AQI tertinggi pada saat kualitas udara diukur. Angka AQI dapat berubah-ubah sepanjang hari sesuai dengan tingkat konsentrasi polutan udara yang diukur.

Baca Juga: Bahaya Polusi Udara bagi Kesehatan Jantung

 

Indeks AQI mewakili konsentrasi polutan udara dengan angka dalam kisaran kategori kualitas udara. Dengan mengetahui kategori indeks udara, Anda dapat mengetahui kualitas udara dan risiko yang terkait.

Indeks kualitas udara berkisar antara 0-500. Kualitas udara yang baik berkisar di antara 0-50, sedangkan pengukuran di atas 300 dianggap berbahaya. 

Indeks kualitas udara membagi kategori kualitas udara menjadi 6 level dengan masing-masing kategori mewakili warna dan pengukuran polutan tertentu. Berikut ini penjelasan kategori indeks kualitas udara:

Warna US AQI Level PM 2.5 (mikrogram per meter kubik) Rekomendasi Kesehatan

Hijau

0-50

(Baik/Good)

0-12

  • Kualitas udara baik
  • Tidak menimbulkan risiko kesehatan
  • Anda dapat menikmati aktivitas di luar ruangan
  • Bisa membuka jendela untuk membawa udara dari luar masuk ke rumah
Kuning 51-100 (Sedang/Moderate) 12,1-35,4
  • Kelompok sensitif tidak dianjurkan olahraga di luar ruangan
  • Terdapat risiko gejala penyakit pernapasan
  • Batasi ventilasi
  • Tutup jendela untuk menghindari polusi udara masuk ke ruangan
Oranye

101-150

(Tidak sehat untuk kelompok sensitif/Unhealthy for sensitive groups

35,5-55,4
  • Berisiko mengalami iritasi mata, kulit, tenggoroakan dan masalah pernapasan
  • Diimbau untuk mengurangi aktivitas di luar ruangan
  • Kelompok sensitif tidak dianjurkan ke luar ruangan dan menggunakan masker polusi udara
  • Dianjurkan menggunakan air purifier
Merah

151-200

(Tidak sehat/Unhealthy)

55,5-150,4
  • Ada risiko peningkatan gangguan jantung dan paru-paru di masyarakat terutama bagi kelompok sensitif
  • Setiap orang dianjurkan menghindari polusi dan memakai masker polusi udara
  • Dianjurkan menggunakan air purifier
Ungu

201-300

(Sangat tidak sehat/Very unhealthy)

150,5-250,4
  • Kelompok sensitif dianjurkan tetap berada dalam ruangan dan membatasi aktivitas di luar rumah
  • Tidak dianjurkan berolahraga di luar ruangan
  • Memakai masker polusi di luar ruangan
  • Dianjurkan menggunakan air purifier
Cokelat

Lebih dari 301

(Berbahaya/Hazardous)


Lebih dari 250,5
  • Setiap orang memiliki risiko tinggi mengalami iritasi parah dan kondisi lainnya yang memicu penyakit kardiovaskular dan pernapasan
  • Tidak dianjurkan berolahraga di luar ruangan
  • Memakai masker polusi di luar ruangan
  • Dianjurkan menggunakan air purifier

Dengan mengetahui kualitas udara, Anda dapat mengukur risiko kesehatan yang mungkin terjadi jika beraktivitas di luar rumah. Jika hasil pengukuran kualitas udara menunjukkan hasil tidak baik, maka sebaiknya urungkan rencana Anda beraktivitas di luar rumah termasuk berolahraga. Jika sangat terpaksa untuk keluar rumah, pastikan Anda menggunakan masker untuk polusi udara. 

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 3 Juli 2023 | 05:46

Cassell, D. (2023). Can You Exercise Outside in Wildfire Smoke? How to Tell if the Air is Safe. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-to-tell-if-the-air-is-safe-enough-to-exercise-outside

World Health Organization. (2022). Ambient (outdoor) air pollution. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ambient-(outdoor)-air-quality-and-health?

WebMD. (2021). Health Effects of Air Pollution. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/ss/slideshow-health-effects-air-pollution

American Lung Association. Using Air Quality Information to Protect Yourself from Outdoor Air Pollution. Available from: https://www.lung.org/clean-air/outdoors/air-quality-index

European Environment Agency. https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/topics/in-depth/air-pollution/eow-it-affects-our-health#

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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.14msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2402 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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