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Beda Garam Laut dan Garam Dapur, Mana yang Lebih Sehat?

Beda Garam Laut dan Garam Dapur, Mana yang Lebih Sehat?
Ilustrasi garam laut dan garam meja. Credit: Freepik

Bagikan :


Di pasaran, Anda bisa menemukan berbagai jenis garam seperti garam meja (garam dapur) atau garam laut. Masing-masing garam memiliki perbedaan tekstur dan kandungan mineral. Lantas, apa perbedaan keduanya dan mana yang baik untuk konsumsi sehari-hari?

 

Perbedaan Garam Laut dan Garam Meja

Garam adalah mineral yang mengandung nartrium dan klorin (NaCl), kedua mineral yang dibutuhkan untuk kesehatan tubuh. Banyak yang beranggapan bahwa garam laut memiliki kandungan nutrisi lebih baik dari garam meja sehingga garam laut dianggap lebih sehat. Meski secara rasa keduanya tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan, namun sebenarnya garam laut dan garam meja memiliki beberapa perbedaan, di antaranya:

Perbedaan proses pembuatan

Garam laut berasal dari penguapan air laut, sehingga menjadikan garam laut sebagai sumber natrium alami. Sementara itu garam meja berasal dari pertambangan air laut. Setelah air laut menguap dan menghasikan garam, garam kemudian dibawa ke pabrik untuk diolah kembali menjadi kristal halus yang mudah tercampur dalam makanan.

Perbedaan tekstur

Jika Anda amati, garam dapur memiliki tekstur yang lebih halus dari garam meja. Garam laut umumnya tidak diproses kembali sehingga memiliki tekstur yang lebih kasar dan kering dari garam dapur. Beberapa juru masak memilih menggunakan garam laut karena memiliki tekstur yang lebih renyah.

 

Baca Juga: Manfaat Berkumur Air Garam untuk Kesehatan Gusi

 

Perbedaan kandungan mineral

Meski banyak yang beranggapan bahwa garam laut lebih sehat, namun sebenarnya garam laut memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan garam meja. Baik garam meja maupun garam laut mengandung sekitar 40% natrium menurut beratnya. Beberapa jenis garam laut memiliki kristal yang lebih besar daripada garam meja, sehingga biasanya terdapat lebih sedikit natrium dalam satu sendok garam laut dibandingkan dengan satu sendok garam meja karena perbedaan ukuran kristal.

Dilansir dari WebMD, kandungan sodium pada satu sendok teh garam meja mencapai 2.360 mg natrium sedangkan pada satu sendok teh garam laut mengandung 2.000 mg natrium. Garam laut yang berasal dari sumber alami dan mengandung mineral lain, antara lain:

  • Magnesium
  • Kalsium
  • Kalium

Pada garam meja tidak memiliki nutrisi tambahan ini, namun pada garam yang sudah difortifikasi, garam dapur mengandung yodium yang berperan membantu metabolisme tubuh. 

Perbedaan rasa

Selain perbedaan tekstur dan kandungan mineral, garam laut umumnya memiliki rasa yang lebih kuat dari garam dapur. Untuk itu biasanya para juru masak menggunakan garam laut karena memberikan rasa asin yang lebih kuat meskipun menggunakan takaran yang lebih sedikit jika dibandingkan dengan garam dapur. 

 

Baca Juga: Bukan Hanya Gula, Pengidap Diabetes Juga Perlu Waspada dalam Mengonsumsi Garam

 

Manfaat Garam Laut dan Garam Meja

Garam meja diperkaya dengan yodium, unsur yang dibutuhkan untuk membuat hormon tiroid. Tubuh manusia tidak dapat membuat yodium sendiri, sehingga harus diperoleh dari makanan. Jika Anda tidak mendapatkan cukup yodium, tubuh tidak akan menghasilkan cukup hormon tiroid sehingga menyebabkan tiroid membesar (gondok).

Sedangkan untuk garam laut, Anda dapat menggunakannya sebagai campuran dalam masakan atau digunakan di luar tubuh sebagai campuran saat mandi air hangat untuk meredakan eksim. Selain itu garam laut dengan kadar magnesium yang tinggi juga dapat membantu meningkatkan hidrasi dan mengurangi kekasaran kulit pada orang dengan kulit kering.

Jika bicara mana yang lebih sehat, sebenarnya keduanya tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan. Yang perlu diperhatikan saat mengonsumsi garam, baik garam meja maupun garam laut adalah takaran yang dikonsumsi setiap harinya. Konsumsi garam berlebih dapat menyebabkan beberapa masalah kesehatan seperti hipertensi, penyakit jantung, stroke dan serangan jantung. Dalam sehari sebaiknya konsumsi garam tidak lebih dari 1.500 mg per hari atau sekitar 1 sendok teh per hari. 

Baik garam meja dan garam laut sama-sama memiliki nutrisi yang dibutuhkan tubuh. Sebaiknya batasi konsumsi garam sesuai aturan untuk mencegah risiko terjadinya hipertensi dan penyakit jantung. Jika memiliki pertanyaan seputar konsumsi garam dan efeknya, sebaiknya konsultasikan ke dokter atau manfaatkan fitur konsultasi pada aplikasi Ai Care. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar nutrisi, makanan dan tips diet lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Rabu, 22 Mei 2024 | 03:44

Streit, L. (2019). Sea Salt: Uses, Benefits, and Downsides. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/sea-salt-benefits

Sharma, A. (2021). What's the Difference Between Sea Salt and Table Salt. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/difference-between-sea-salt-and-table-salt

Caporuscio, J. (2019). What is the difference between sea salt and table salt?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326519

WebMD Editorial Contributors. What Is Iodized Salt?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/diet/what-is-iodized-salt

Mayo Clinic. What's the difference between sea salt and table salt?. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/sea-salt/faq-20058512

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.67msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8998 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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