Bolehkah Ibu Hamil Mengonsumsi Pemanis Buatan?

Bolehkah Ibu Hamil Mengonsumsi Pemanis Buatan?

Bagikan :


Saat hamil, ibu hamil sering ngidam atau menginginkan makanan tertentu, termasuk makanan manis. Makanan manis bisa menjadi sumber energi yang baik bagi ibu hamil. Namun apabila dikonsumsi terlalu banyak dapat menyebabkan kenaikan gula darah yang tidak terkontrol. Kondisi ini bisa memicu diabeets gestasional pada ibu hamil.

Kekhawatiran inilah yang kemudian membuat ibu hamil menggantinya dengan pemanis buatan. Tetapi, amankah ibu hamil mengonsumsi pemanis buatan sebagai pengganti gula?

Mengenal pemanis buatan

Untuk menjaga kadar gula dalam darah, seseorang umumnya mengganti gula dengan pemanis alami atau pemanis buatan. Pemanis alami bisa berupa madu atau gula kelapa, sedangkan untuk pemanis buatan yang aman dan disetujui penggunaannya oleh FDA dan BPOM RI di antaranya adalah stevia, aspartam dan sukralosa. Pemanis buatan ini umumnya megandung nol kalori sehingga aman untuk dikonsumsi pengidap diabetes atau orang yang sedang diet gula.

Pemanis buatan juga memiliki tingkat kemanisan yang berlipat-lipat lebih manis dibanding gula biasa sehingga hanya butuh sedikit dosis pemanis buatan untuk membuat makanan dan minuman menjadi manis tanpa menambahkan kalori berlebih.

Bolehkah ibu hamil mengonsumsi pemanis buatan?

Dilansir dari Baby Center, pada dasarnya pemanis buatan yang terdaftar di FDA dan BPOM untuk di Indonesia aman untuk dikonsumsi ibu hamil. Beberapa jenis pemanis buatan yang aman untuk ibu hamil menurut American Pregnancy antara lain stevia, aspartam dan sukralosa.

Meskipun aman, pemakaian pemanis buatan tetap harus terkontrol. Menurut FDA, pemanis buatan bisa dikonsumsi dua hingga tiga porsi per hari dengan takaran 320 gram per porsi. Namun masing-masing jenis pemanis buatan umumnya memiliki takaran yang berbeda antara satu pemanis buatan dengan yang lain. Misalnya, untuk aspartam, dosis yang aman adalah 50 mg/kg berat badan. Sementara itu sukralosa sekitar 10-15 mg/kg berat badan dan untuk aspartam sekitar 0,4 kkal/gram.

Pemanis buatan memang memiliki kalori rendah, tetapi apabila dikonsumsi berlebihan dapat menyebabkan penambahan berat badan berlebih. Sebelum mengonsumsi pemanis buatan, sebaiknya ibu hamil berkonsultasi dengan dokter kandungan untuk mendapat rekomendasi takaran yang aman dan sesuai dengan kondisi kehamilan.

Selain itu, tidak semua ibu hamil bisa mengonsumsi pemanis buatan dengan bebas. Ibu hamil yang memiliki penyakit genetik phenylketonuria (PKU) tidak disarankan untuk mengonsumsi pemanis buatan jenis aspartam. Dilansir dari NHS, orang dengan PKU perlu menghindari aspartam karena membuat tubuh ibu hamil tidak bisa mencerna asam amino phenylalanie di dalam tubuh sehingga menumpuk di dalam tubuh. Penumpukan senyawa ini dapat berisiko menyebabkan bayi cacat lahir.

Tips membatasi konsumsi gula pada ibu hamil

Ngidam makanan manis memang kadang sulit untuk dikendalikan. Apabila keinginan tersebut muncul, tak ada salahnya untuk menyantap makanan dan minuman manis yang diidamkan namun sebaiknya tetap batasi dalam jumlah yang terkontrol. Jika bumil cukup sering ngidam makanan dan minuman manis, sebaiknya imbangi dengan menerapkan pola makan sehat, olahraga teratur dan banyak mengonsumsi air putih. Bila bumil memiliki kadar gula darah yang tinggi, penting untuk melakukan pemeriksaan kadar gula darah secara rutin. Kadar gula darah yang terkontrol dapat menjaga kondisi kehamilan ibu dan janin agar tetap sehat.

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Ayu Munawaroh, MKK
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 02:29

Levine H. Which artificial sweeteners are safe during pregnancy? (2021). Available from: https://www.babycenter.com/pregnancy/diet-and-fitness/is-it-safe-to-use-artificial-sweeteners-during-pregnancy_9213.

American Pregnancy Association. Artifical Sweeteners and Pregnancy. Available from: https://americanpregnancy.org/healthy-pregnancy/is-it-safe/artificial-sweeteners-and-pregnancy/.

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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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