Benarkah KB Spiral (IUD) Menyebabkan Menstruasi yang Lebih Berat?

Benarkah KB Spiral (IUD) Menyebabkan Menstruasi yang Lebih Berat?
Credits: Unsplash. Efek samping penggunaan IUD pada setiap orang dapat berbeda-beda.

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KB spiral atau disebut juga intrauterine device (IUD) adalah salah satu alat kontrasepsi yang banyak dipilih untuk membantu mencegah kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan. Alat KB ini lebih diminati karena usia penggunaannya yang cukup lama, bisa mencapai 5 tahun atau lebih.

 

Pemasangan dan Cara Kerja IUD

Pemasangan KB spiral (IUD) cukup mudah. Proses pemasangannya hanya membutuhkan waktu sekitar 15 menit atau kurang dari itu. Anda akan diminta untuk berbaring dan membuka kedua kaki. Kemudian, dokter akan memasukkan alat yang disebut cocor bebek (spekulum) untuk membuka vagina. 

Anda mungkin akan merasakan nyeri yang ringan selama proses pemasangannya. Segera setelah IUD selesai dipasang, alat ini akan langsung bekerja.

IUD bekerja dalam beberapa mekanisme yang berbeda, tergantung pada jenisnya. Ada dua jenis IUD, di antaranya:

  • IUD hormonal mengandung hormon progestin yang dilepaskan secara perlahan ke rahim. Hormon ini akan menebalkan lendir serviks sehingga sulit bagi sperma mencapai sel telur, menghambat pelepasan sel telur dari ovarium dan mengubah kondisi rahim sehingga sulit bagi telur yang telah dibuahi untuk menempel di dinding rahim
  • IUD nonhormonal, yaitu IUD yang terbuat dari bahan tembaga dan berfungsi merangsang imun dalam rahim yang mengakibatkan peradangan pada lapisan rahim (endometrium) sehingga sel telur yang telah dibuahi akan sulit menempel pada dinding rahim. IUD nonhormonal juga mengubah kondisi rahim sehingga sperma menjadi mudah rusak

Baca Juga: Lebih Baik Mana, KB Implan atau IUD?

 

Manfaat dan Kelebihan IUD

IUD memiliki efektivitas hingga 99% dalam mencegah kehamilan. Alat KB ini juga aman digunakan selama menyusui dan tetap bekerja dengan baik walau Anda mengonsumsi obat-obatan lainnya.

IUD bisa digunakan selama 5 tahun, 10 tahun atau lebih sehingga cukup praktis tanpa harus mengingat kalender atau waktu minum obat. Selain itu, Anda bisa hamil kembali atau merencanakan kehamilan selanjutnya setelah IUD dikeluarkan dari dalam rahim.

Baca Juga: Jenis-Jenis Alat Kontrasepsi Hormonal, Ketahui Kelebihan dan Kekurangannya

 

Benarkah IUD Menyebabkan Menstruasi yang Berat?

Usai pemasangan IUD, Anda mungkin mengalami pusing ringan, kram perut, nyeri punggung bawah, dan juga flek. Kemudian, Anda mungkin mengalami perdarahan hebat atau perdarahan yang tidak teratur 3-6 bulan pertama.

Perdarahan berat setelah pemasangan IUD adalah hal yang umum terjadi akibat respons tubuh terhadap perubahan hormon. Namun jika perdarahan yang terjadi terlihat tidak normal atau berlebihan sebaiknya periksakan diri ke dokter.

Perlu diingat bahwa respons setiap individu terhadap IUD bisa berbeda. Anda perlu tetap berkonsultasi dengan dokter terkait gejala tidak biasa yang dialami pascapemasangan IUD.

Apabila Anda merasa tidak cocok menggunakan alat kontrasepsi IUD, Anda bisa meminta dokter merekomendasikan jenis kontrasepsi lainnya. Manfaatkan pula layanan konsultasi kesehatan online dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care di App Store atau Play Store di ponsel Anda.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar kehamilan, menyusui, kesehatan wanita dan anak-anak? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 10 Juli 2023 | 06:55
Tags : Alat Kontrasepsi gangguan menstruasi iud

Ashley Marcin (2023). Is My Period Heavy Because of My IUD?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/birth-control/iud-heavy-period 

Stephanie Watson (2023). How Does an Intrauterine Device (IUD) Affect Your Period?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/birth-control/iud-period 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Intrauterine Device (IUD). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24441-intrauterine-device-iud 

Better Health Channel. Home Sexual health
Contraception - intrauterine devices (IUD). Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/contraception-intrauterine-devices-iud#advantages-of-iuds 

NHS UK (2019). Which method of contraception suits me?. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/which-method-suits-me/ 

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      Backtrace
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