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  • Mengenal Vasektomi dan Tubektomi, KB Steril Permanen untuk Mencegah Kehamilan

Mengenal Vasektomi dan Tubektomi, KB Steril Permanen untuk Mencegah Kehamilan

Mengenal Vasektomi dan Tubektomi, KB Steril Permanen untuk Mencegah Kehamilan
Gambaran metode tubektomi

Bagikan :


Vasektomi dan tubektomi adalah metode kontrasepsi permanen (KB steril) yang efektif untuk mencegah kehamilan secara permanen. Kedua metode ini diklaim memiliki keberhasilan hingga 100% dalam mencegah kehamilan. Seperti apa perbedaan vasektomi dan tubektomi? Simak ulasan berikut.

 

Apa Itu Alat Kontrasepsi Permanen?

Alat kontrasepsi permanen merupakan metode mencegah kehamilan yang bersifat permanen. Aat kontrasepsi yang beredar seperti IUD, KB suntik, dan pil KB adalah alat kontrasepsi yang bersifat sementara. Artinya, jika berhenti menggunakan alat kontrasepsi tersebut maka Anda memiliki kesempatan untuk hamil.

Namun dalam alat kontrasepsi permanen, dokter akan melakukan prosedur medis untuk menyumbat atau menghalangi pertemuan antara sel sperma dengan sel telur. Prosedur ini bersifat permanen sehingga sangat kecil kemungkinan untuk terjadi kehamilan. Pada laki-laki prosedur ini dikenal dengan nama vasektomi sedangkan pada perempuan prosedur ini dikenal dengan nama tubektomi.

 

Perbedaan Vasektomi dan Tubektomi

Vasektomi

Prosedur

Vasektomi adalah prosedur sterilisasi yang dilakukan pada pria. Caranya adalah dengan mengikat, memotong atau melakukan kauter pada kedua ujung saluran vas deferens, yaitu saluran berbentuk tabung kecil di dalam skrotum yang dilewati sperma agar bisa keluar melalui penis. Dengan kata lain, vasektomi adalah prosedur medis yang dilakukan untuk menghentikan aliran sperma pria dengan menghambat saluran sperma. Dengan adanya hambatan tersebut, diharapkan sel sperma tidak akan bertemu dengan sel telur.

Ada dua teknik yang digunakan dalam vasektomi, yaitu:

  • Dengan sayatan, yaitu dilakukan dengan membuat sayatan pada kedua sisi skrotum di bagian atas dan bawah penis. Setelah itu vas deferens di dalamnya akan dihilangkan atau diikat, kemudian dijahit
  • Tanpa sayatan, dilakukan dengan menggunakan penjepit untuk menahan saluran yang akan dipotong, kemudian akan dibuat lubang kecil pada kulit skortum. Kemudian dokter memotong bagian saluran dan mengikatnya.

Dari kedua teknik tersebut, teknik tanpa sayatan lebih banyak dipilih karena minim pendarahan, infeksi dan rasa nyeri.

Risiko

Vasektomi merupakan prosedur yang aman untuk dilakukan dan tidak mengganggu hubungan intim Anda. Namun ada beberapa risiko yang dapat muncul antara lain:

  • Hematoma, ditandai dengan pembengkakan, rasa tidak nyaman dan memar di skrotum
  • Infeksi
  • Perdarahan pada air mani atau di dalam skrotum
  • Munculnya granuloma sperma, yaitu benjolan pada skrotum karena kebocoran sperma

Apabila muncul keluhan tersebut setelah prosedur vasektomi maka sebaiknya periksakan ke dokter untuk mendapat penanganan.

Tubektomi

Prosedur

Tubektomi adalah proses KB steril yang dilakukan pada wanita. Biasanya metode ini digunakan pada wanita yang memiliki risiko kehamilan tinggi seperti berusia di atas 35 tahun, sudah memiliki lebih dari tiga anak, dan tidak ingin menambah jumlah momongan.

Prosedur tubektomi dilakukan dengan cara memotong, menjepit atau melakukan kateter pada tuba falopi (oviduk) untuk menghambat sel sperma bertemu dengan sel telur. Tubektomi dapat dilakukan menggunakan laparoskopi sehingga minim pendarahan dan rasa nyeri.

Risiko

Dilansir dari Mayo Clinic, beberapa risiko yang dapat muncul akibat tubektomi antara lain:

  • Kerusakan pada usus, kandung kemih atau pembuluh darah utama
  • Reaksi terhadap anestesi
  • Infeksi
  • Nyeri panggul atau perut
  • Prosedur gagal sehingga terjadi kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan

Metode sterilisasi seperti vasektomi dan tubektomi adalah alat kontrasepsi permanen yang cukup efektif. Meskipun demikian, dibutuhkan kesiapan mental dan fisik sebelum melakukan sterilisasi. Pasalnya, prosedur sterilisasi tidak bisa dikembalikan ke kondisi semula. Oleh karena itu, bicarakan dengan matang bersama pasangan mengenai keputusan sterilisasi dan konsultasikan kepada dokter untuk mendapatkan penanganan yang sesuai.

Mau tahu informasi seputar kehamilan, menyusui, kesehatan wanita dan anak-anak? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 17 April 2023 | 02:03

Stacey, D. (2021). Types of Permanent Birth Control and Sterilization. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/permanent-birth-control-methods-906907

Davis, P. (2020). What Are the Methods of Permanent Contraception?. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/what_are_the_methods_of_permanent_contraception/article.htm

Whitlock, J. (2020). Vasectomy: Overview. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/vasectomy-surgery-3157288

Stacey, D. (2021). Tubal Ligation Surgery: Everything You Need to Know. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/getting-your-tubes-tied-906939

John Hopkins Medicine. Tubal LIgation. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/tubal-ligation

Mayo Clinic. Tubal Ligation. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/tubal-ligation/about/pac-20388360#

Planned Parenthood. What are the Benefits of Sterilization. Available from: https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/sterilization/what-are-benefits-sterilization

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    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.02msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 31 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 3944
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.06msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 908 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 908
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new1.18msselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 5 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 5
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.62msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9700 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9700
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.77msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1007 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1007
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7611
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.22msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7610 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7610
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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