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  • Cara Melindungi Diri saat Beraktivitas di Tengah Polusi Udara

Cara Melindungi Diri saat Beraktivitas di Tengah Polusi Udara

Cara Melindungi Diri saat Beraktivitas di Tengah Polusi Udara
Credits: Freepik

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Belakangan ini ramai dibicarakan kualitas udara yang dinilai tidak sehat di Jakarta. Indeks kualitas udara mencapai 156 dengan konsentrasi polutan utama PM2.5.

Bagaimana cara melindungi diri saat harus beraktivitas di tengah polusi udara yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan?

 

Polutan PM2.5, Berbahayakah bagi Kesehatan?

PM2.5 adalah singkatan dari Particulate Matter 2.5, yang merujuk pada partikel-partikel kecil dalam udara dengan diameter 2,5 mikron atau lebih kecil. Partikel-partikel ini sangat kecil sehingga bisa mudah terhirup masuk ke dalam saluran pernapasan manusia. Menjadi masalah bila zat polutan ini banyak ditemukan di udara, yang bisa membuat udara terlihat berkabut bila kadarnya tinggi.

Sumber polutannya bisa berasal dari dalam atau luar ruangan seperti misalnya emisi kendaraan bermotor, pabrik industri, pembakaran biomassa, debu, asap rokok, perapian, serta alat pemanas yang menggunakan bahan bakar fosil.

Partikel-partikel ini berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan manusia karena ukurannya sangat kecil sehingga mungkin masuk ke saluran pernapasan bagian dalam termasuk paru-paru. Anak-anak dan lansia juga cukup sensitif dengan PM2.5. Paparan jangka panjang PM2.5 dapat menyebabkan penurunan fungsi paru, memberburuk asma, meningkatnya risiko penyakit kardiovaskular, dan meningkatkan risiko kematian pada kelompok individu yang rentan seperti pasien penyakit jantung atau kanker paru. 

Baca Juga: 5 Jenis Penyakit yang Disebabkan Oleh Polusi Udara

 

Cara Melindungi Diri saat Beraktivitas di Tengah Polusi Udara

Dibutuhkan kerja sama yang baik antara masyarakat dan pemerintah untuk mengatasi bahaya polusi udara. Namun, penanggulangan tersebut tentunya membutuhkan waktu yang tidak sebentar.

Sementara itu Anda bisa mengikuti beberapa langkah perlindungan diri saat harus tetap beraktivitas di tengah polusi udara.

  • Selalu periksa prakiraan polusi udara harian di daerah Anda untuk mengetahui kualitas udara hari itu
  • Hindari berolahraga di luar ruangan jika tingkat polusi sedang sangat tinggi, Anda bisa berolahraga di dalam rumah atau di tempat gym yang jauh lebih aman
  • Hindari berolahraga atau melakukan aktivitas di luar ruangan di dekat area dengan lalu lintas tinggi, polusi dari kendaraan bermotor di jalan raya dapat membahayakan kesehatan bila Anda terpapar terlalu lama tanpa perlindungan
  • Pergunakan transportasi umum, berjalan, atau bersepeda dibandingkan menggunakan kendaraan pribadi yang dapat menyumbangkan polusi dari kendaraan
  • Jangan membakar sampah atau kayu agar tidak menambah sumbangan polusi
  • Hindari paparan asap rokok di dalam ruangan dan berikan larangan merokok di dalam ruangan
  • Atur ventilasi rumah dengan baik dan nyalakan kipas angin terutama saat mandi, memasak, mencuci pakaian dan menjemur pakaian untuk membantu menghilangkan polutan

Selain langkah-langkah di atas, Anda juga bisa mengenakan masker untuk mengurangi paparan terhadap polusi udara. Masker bedah dan masker N95 efektif untuk menurunkan paparan CO dari polusi udara, dengan N95 menjadi jenis masker yang memberikan perlindungan paling signifikan. Masker N95 adalah jenis masker respirator yang dirancang khusus untuk melindungi penggunanya dari partikel-partikel berukuran kecil, termasuk PM2.5. 

Baca Juga: Gejala Ini Menunjukkan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Atas (ISPA)

 

Polusi udara menyebabkan stres oksidatif dan peradangan di sel-sel tubuh sehingga memengaruhi kondisi kesehatan secara luas. Konsultasikan dengan dokter melalui aplikasi Ai Care bila mengalami gejala seperti sesak napas, batuk yang tidak kunjung membaik, atau gejala lainnya untuk mendapatkan rekomendasi perawatan dan pengobatan yang sesuai dengan kondisi Anda.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Rabu, 7 Juni 2023 | 20:05

American Lung Association (2022). 10 Tips to Protect Yourself from Unhealthy Air. Available from: https://www.lung.org/clean-air/outdoors/10-tips-to-protect-yourself 

IQAIR (2023). Kualitas udara di Jakarta. Available from: https://www.iqair.com/id/indonesia/jakarta 

CDC (2020). Air Pollution. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth/effects/air_pollution.htm 

California Air Resaources Board. Inhalable Particulate Matter and Health (PM2.5 and PM10). Available from: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/inhalable-particulate-matter-and-health 

Department of Health New York State. Fine Particles (PM 2.5) Questions and Answers. Available from: https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/indoors/air/pmq_a.htm 

NSW Government (2021). Simple steps to protect your health. Available from: https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/air/Pages/simple-steps.aspx 

Noni Novisari Soeroso, et all (2020). Four-type of Masks and its Effectiveness Based on Reduced Level of Expiratory Carbon-monoxide. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7780759/ 

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (2023). Air Pollution and Your Health. Available from: https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/air-pollution/index.cfm 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 1946
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.09msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3234 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3234
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.7msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3528 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3528
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.47msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6585 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 3442
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.96msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3161 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3161
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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