Muncul Flek Hitam Melasma saat Hamil, Haruskah Khawatir?

Muncul Flek Hitam Melasma saat Hamil, Haruskah Khawatir?
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Selama hamil, tubuh ibu hamil akan mengalami banyak perubahan. Selain bertambahnya berat badan, mengalami morning sickness, perubahan rambut, ibu hamil juga dapat mengalami perubahan di kulit. Salah satunya munculnya bercak warna cokelat pada wajah yang dikenal dengan istilah melasma. Berbahayakah kondisi tersebut dan bagaimana mengatasinya?

 

Apa Itu Melasma?

Melasma atau chloasma adalah jenis penyakit kulit yang ditandai dengan munculnya bercak hiperpigmentasi pada wajah. Pada kehamilan, melasma sering kali dikenal dengan istilah topeng kehamilan karena muncul pada wajah. Selain di wajah, topeng kehamilan juga dapat muncul di area lainnya seperti lengan atau bagian tubuh lainnya.

Melasma merupakan hal yang umum dialami ibu hamil terutama pada wanita keturunan Asia, Afrika, Timur Tengah dan Latin yang memiliki pigmentasi lebih banyak dari ras lainnya. Secara umum kondisi melasma saat hamil adalah normal dan tidak berbahaya.

 

Baca Juga: Mimisan Saat Hamil, Berbahayakah? Inilah Yang Harus Dilakukan

 

Penyebab Muncul Melasma pada Ibu Hamil

Melasma pada ibu hamil terjadi akibat peningkatan produksi melanin, pigmen pemberi warna pada tubuh meningkat. Peningkatan ini bisa disebabkan oleh:

Perubahan hormon: Saat hamil, produksi hormon estrogen dan progesteron meningkat. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan munculnya melasma. Melasma pada ibu hamil dapat muncul di area puting, ketiak, atau selangkangan. Setelah melahirkan, melasma akan berangsur berkurang seiring dengan perubahan hormon yang lebih stabil.

Paparan sinar matahari: Selain karena perubahan hormon, melasma juga dapat disebabkan oleh paparan sinar matahari. Sinar UV dari matahari yang diserap dapat memicu produksi melanin terlalu banyak sehingga menimbulkan melasma.

Faktor genetik: Apabila dalam keluarga memiliki riwayat melasma, Anda kemungkinan besar akan mengalami melasma saat hamil. Melasma sebenarnya dapat terjadi pada kapan saja tidak selalu saat hamil. Hanya saja, sebagian besar kasus melasma terjadi selama kehamilan.

 

Baca Juga: Ibu Sakit dan Demam, Bolehkah Menyusui?

 

Cara Mengatasi Melasma 

Melasma dapat muncul kapan saja selama masa kehamilan. Namun sebagian besar ibu hamil mengalami munculnya melasma ketika memasuki trimester kedua dan ketiga. Melasma pada ibu hamil bukan bercak yang berbahaya, namun melasma dapat membuat Anda menjadi tidak percaya diri.

Melasma yang disebabkan perubahan hormon kehamilan dapat mereda dengan sendirinya setelah proses melahirkan. Sedangkan melasma yang disebabkan oleh pengaruh obat-obatan atau paparan sinar matahari dapat diatasi dengan cara:

Mengoleskan sunscreen

Sebelum beraktivitas baik di dalam ruangan maupun luar ruangan sebaiknya oleskan sunscreen untuk menghindari terbentuknya bercak baru. Gunakan sunscreen yang mengandung SPF 30 atau lebih dan oleskan kembali setelah 2-3 jam tergantung aktivitas Anda.

 

Melindungi diri dari paparan matahari

Selain menggunakan sunscreen, Anda juga dapat menggunakan pakaian panjang dan kaca mata hitam untuk melindungi diri dari paparan matahari. Jika Anda beraktivitas di luar rumah, Anda dapat menggunakan payung atau berteduh di tempat yang dapat melindungi Anda dari sinar matahari. 

Melasma saat hamil sebenarnya bukan hal yang berbahaya. Namun jika melasma tidak kunjung mereda dan menimbulkan keluhan lainnya seperti nyeri atau semakin membesar maka sebaiknya konsultasikan ke dokter.

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Senin, 17 April 2023 | 00:13

Marcin, A. (2021). How Is Melasma Treated During Pregnancy?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/melasma-pregnancy

O’Connor, A. (2021). Melasma (Mask of Pregnancy). Available from: https://www.whattoexpect.com/pregnancy/symptoms-and-solutions/melasma-mask-of-pregnancy/

 

Amburg, J. (2022). Postpartum melasma (chloasma). Available from: https://www.babycenter.com/baby/postpartum-health/postpartum-skin-chloasma_1152262

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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