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Sama-Sama Gatal, Ini Beda Ketombe dan Psoriasis di Kulit Kepala

Sama-Sama Gatal, Ini Beda Ketombe dan Psoriasis di Kulit Kepala
Credit: Freepik. Ketombe dan psoriasis merupakan dua kondisi yang berbeda.

Bagikan :


Masalah gatal di kulit kepala dapat disebabkan oleh banyak hal. Ketombe, kebiasaan menata rambut, cuaca yang panas hingga masalah medis di kulit kepala seperti psoriasis dapat menyebabkan rasa gatal di kulit kepala.

Seringkali psoriasis dan ketombe dianggap sama karena sama-sama ditandai dengan rasa gatal dan munculnya serpihan putih di kulit kepala. Namun ketombe dan psoriasis adalah masalah kulit  yang berbeda sehingga membutuhkan penanganan yang berbeda. Apa perbedaan keduanya? Simak ulasannya berikut ini.

 

Perbedaan Ketombe dan Psoriasis

Ketombe

Ketombe merupakan masalah kulit yang umum dan dapat dialami oleh anak-anak hingga dewasa. Penyebab ketombe dapat bermacam-macam, di antaranya:

  • Kulit kepala kering dan berminyak
  • Alergi atau iritasi akibat penggunaan produk perawatan rambut
  • Tumbuhnya jamur malassezia di kulit kepala
  • Hormon pada pria

Beberapa tanda Anda mengalami ketombe antara lain munculnya serpihan kulit di kulit kepala, bahu, rambut, alis, bahkan kumis. Selain itu kulit kepala akan terasa bersisik dan berkerak serta gatal-gatal. Ketombe juga dapat muncul lebih parah di saat musim dingin atau cuaca kering.

Penanganan ketombe umumnya dapat dilakukan tanpa perlu konsultasi dokter. Biasanya Anda dapat mengatasi ketombe dengan mengganti produk perawatan rambut yang sesuai. Namun jika masalah ketombe Anda tidak kunjung membaik setelah mengganti produk perawatan rambut, maka sebaiknya periksakan ke dokter.

Psoriasis

Berbeda dengan ketombe, psoriasis adalah gangguan kelainan pada kulit kepala akibat masalah autoimun. Pada pasien psoriasis, tubuh pasien memproduksi kulit lebih cepat sehingga membuat penumpukan sel kulit mati dan kulit kepala menjadi tebal.

Gejala psoriasis yang umum terlihat antara lain munculnya ruam merah pada kulit, kulit terasa tebal, kering dan bersisik, bahkan terkadang berdarah. Psoriasis juga dapat muncul di area selain kulit kepala yaitu lutut, siku, punggung bagian bawah dan kulit kepala.

Meskipun penggunaan sampo antiketombe dapat membantu meredakan gejala psoriasis pada kulit kepala, namun penanganan psoriasis memerlukan pengobatan lainnya seperti produk yang mengandung salicylic acid, lactic acid, zink dan selenium sulfide.

Dokter juga dapat merekomendasikan pengobatan psoriasis dengan krim atau salep steroid untuk mengobati psoriasis ringan hingga sedang. Jika psoriasis yang dialami cukup parah, dokter dapat merekomendasikan dosis obat yang lebih tinggi untuk mengurangi peradangan.

Perbedaan lainnya antara ketombe dengan psoriasis yaitu:

  • Psoriasis adalah kondisi kronis yang berlangsung dalam jangka waktu lama, sedangkan ketombe bisa datang dan pergi
  • Pada kasus ringan, serpihan psoriasis terlihat seperti bulir tepung keperakan dan bersisik. Sedangkan pada kasus parah, bercak psoriasis dapat menjadi merah dan menyakitkan. Berbeda dengan ketombe, serpihan pada ketombe tidak disertai rasa sakit.
  • Psoriasis dapat menyebar dari garis rambut ke dahi, belakang leher atau kulit di sekitar telinga. Bercak psoriasis juga dapat muncul di bagian tubuh lainnya seperti siku, lutut atau telapak tangan. Sedangkan ketombe hanya terjadi di kulit kepala atau di kulit yang memiliki rambut.

 

Meski mirip, namun psoriasis dan ketombe disebabkan oleh hal yang berbeda dan membutuhkan penanganan yang berbeda pula. Jika Anda mengalami masalah kulit kepala maka sebaiknya periksakan ke dokter agar mendapat penanganan yang tepat. 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 20:30

Ansorge, R. (2021). Scalp Psoriasis. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/psoriasis/scalp-psoriasis#

Bernstein, S. (2021). How is Scalp Psoriasis Different From Dandruff. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/psoriasis/scalp-psoriasis-vs-dandruff

Railton, D. (2021). How to tell the difference between scalp psoriasis and dandruff. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/316899

 

Mayo Clinic. Dandruff. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dandruff/symptoms-causes/syc-20353850#

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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