Obat-Obatan dalam Bentuk Koyo, Bagaimana Cara Kerjanya?

Obat-Obatan dalam Bentuk Koyo, Bagaimana Cara Kerjanya?
Credit: Freepik

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Sediaan obat ada bermacam-macam, dari bentuk padat seperti tablet atau kapsul, bentuk semi padat seperti losion dan krim, hingga bentuk cair seperti sirup dan emulsi. Salah satu jenis obat yang juga banyak digunakan adalah obat dalam bentuk koyo (transdermal medication). Seperti apa cara kerjanya? Simak ulasan berikut.

 

Apa Itu Obat Koyo (Obat Transdermal)?

Dalam terminologi medis, obat berbentuk koyo ini dikenal dengan istilah obat/patch transdermal. Patch ini mengandung obat dan dipasang pada kulit, yang seiring waktu akan diserap ke dalam tubuh. Obat dalam bentuk koyo dapat menjadi alternatif pemberian obat tertentu selain obat minum atau suntikan.

Selama ribuan tahun orang-orang telah mengembangkan pengobatan dengan mengoleskan obat ke kulit untuk mendapatkan efek terapeutik. Kini di era modern pengobatan topikal telah dikembangkan hingga tercipta obat koyo.

Obat koyo pertama yang disetujui penggunaannya adalah koyo untuk mengobati mabuk perjalanan. Patch transdermal ini terus dikembangkan hingga tercipta salah satunya nicotine patch, yang digunakan untuk membantu perokok mengatasi kecanduannya. Kini, telah dikenal lebih dari 19 jennis obat koyo yang digunakan di masyarakat. Beberapa jenis koyo yang populer di antaranya koyo pereda nyeri otot dan koyo kontrasepsi.

Baca Juga: Pengobatan Rumahan untuk Meredakan Nyeri Otot

 

Bagaimana Cara Obat Koyo Bekerja?

Obat koyo atau transdermal bekerja melalui kontak langsung dengan kulit, bukan dengan cara dikonsumsi secara oral atau disuntikkan langsung ke aliran darah. Obat pada patch transdermal bisa berada di bagian perekat yang menempel di kulit, karena itu Anda harus berhati-hati agar tidak menyentuh permukaan koyo yang lengket dengan tangan. Hal ini agar obat tidak menyerap masuk terlalu cepat ke tubuh melalui kulit tangan Anda.

Koyo transdermal bisa dipakai selama beberapa jam, berhari-hari atau berminggu-minggu sebelum perlu diganti. Lamanya penempelan koyo dan berapa dosis obat yang diberikan dapat berbeda dari masing-masing jenis obat.

Baca Juga: Penyebab Nyeri-Nyeri saat Haid

 

Cara Pemakaian Obat Koyo

Obat berbentuk koyo dapat digunakan dengan mudah, baik oleh diri sendiri atau jika Anda perlu memakaikannya untuk orang lain. Obat ini juga aman digunakan segala usia, dari anak-anak hingga dewasa. Cara pemakaiannya cukup mudah, Anda hanya membutuhkan sabun dan air untuk membersihkan tangan dan area yang akan ditempeli koyo.

Berikut ini cara pemakaian obat koyo:

  1. Baca petunjuk pemakaian pada kemasan atau gunakan sesuai anjuran dokter. Aturan pada kemasan berisi informasi mengenai lokasi dan lama penempelan koyo tersebut, atau kapan obat perlu dilepas dan diganti.
  2. Sebelum memakai atau melepas koyo yang menempel, sebaiknya cuci tangan terlebih dahulu menggunakan air dan sabun atau hand sanitizer.
  3. Bersihkan area kulit yang akan ditempeli koyo dari kotoran, losion, minyak atau bedak karena dapat mengurangi efektivitas obat. Pastikan area yang akan ditempeli koyo dalam keadaan kering.
  4. Keluarkan koyo dari kemasannya, lalu tempelkan sesuai dengan aturan pada kemasan. Tekan dan ratakan koyo serta pastikan koyo sudah menempel sepenuhnya di kulit. 
  5. Cuci kembali tangan Anda setelah selesai memasang obat.

Jika perekat pada koyo sedikit mengendur, Anda dapat menekan koyo hingga kembali menempel pada kulit. Selotip atau plester bisa dipakai pada bagian ujung koyo untuk membantu merekatkan koyo yang longgar. Ketika nanti akan melepas dan memasang patch yang baru, pasanglah di area kulit yang berbeda.

 

Obat dalam bentuk koyo merupakan salah satu alternatif pengobatan jika Anda tidak bisa mengonsumsi obat tersebut dalam pil atau suntikan. Untuk saat ini tidak banyak obat yang tersedia dalam bentuk koyo. Bila Anda memiliki pertanyaan seputar penggunaan obat dalam bentuk koyo maka sebaiknya tanyakan ke dokter atau gunakan fitur konsultasi yang tersedia pada aplikasi Ai Care. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Kamis, 8 Juni 2023 | 20:26

Healthline. (2018). How to Apply a Transdermal Patch. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/general-use/how-to-use-transdermal-patch

Editorial Staff American Addiction Centers. (2022). Drugs That Are Administered Transdermally. Available from: https://deserthopetreatment.com/addiction-guide/administration-methods/transdermal/

Mayo Clinic. Fentanyl (Transdermal Route). Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/fentanyl-transdermal-route/proper-use/drg-20068152

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      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.36msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1294 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.65msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4739 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4739
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.64msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9213 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9213
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.78msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8138 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8138
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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