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Tanda-Tanda Sindrom Mobius, Kelainan Langka Penyebab Kelumpuhan Wajah

Tanda-Tanda Sindrom Mobius, Kelainan Langka Penyebab Kelumpuhan Wajah
Credits: Freepik

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Sindrom Mobius adalah kelainan bawaan langka yang menyebabkan kelumpuhan di wajah. Kondisi ini biasanya memengaruhi kedua sisi wajah.

Ketahui lebih lanjut apa itu sindrom Mobius dan tanda-tandanya.

 

Apa itu Sindrom Mobius?

Sindrom Mobius atau Moebius syndrome pertama kali dijelaskan oleh dokter mata asal Jerman, Alfred Graefe pada tahun 1880. Namun, nama sindrom Mobius diambil dari nama ahli saraf Jerman yang melaporkan ciri-ciri kondisi ini pada tahun 1888, yaitu Paul Julius Moebius.

Sindrom Mobius adalah kelainan langka, yang bisa terjadi pada semua etnis. Kasusnya mungkin hanya sekitar 2 sampai 20 kasus per juta kelahiran.

Kelainan bawaan ini memengaruhi saraf dan menyebabkan kelemahan atau kelumpuhan saraf kranial tertentu yang menghubungkan otak ke kepala, leher dan badan. Saraf yang terpengaruh biasanya adalah saraf kranial (yang mengontrol mata) dan saraf ketujuh (yang mengontrol ekspresi wajah).

Penyebab utama dari sindrom Mobius tidak diketahui dan sebagian besar kasus terjadi secara sporadis. Ilmuwan menyimpulkan dari penelitian yang menunjukkan adanya kombinasi faktor risiko genetik dan lingkungan dari beberapa kasus sindrom Mobius.

 

Baca Juga: Anodontia, Kelainan Langka yang Menyebabkan Tak Punya Gigi

 

Tanda-Tanda Sindrom Mobius

Sindrom Mobius bisa dialami oleh siapa saja, baik pria maupun wanita. Tanda-tanda sindrom ini, di antaranya:

  • Kelemahan atau kelumpuhan total pada otot wajah
  • Kesulitan untuk menelan atau mengisap
  • Kesulitan berbicara dan sering mengeluarkan air liur
  • Tidak mampu membentuk ekspresi di wajah, seperti tersenyum, mengerutkan kening, mengangkat alis, mengerutkan bibir atau menutup mata
  • Terbentuknya celah di langit-langit mulut
  • Adanya masalah pada gigi
  • Adanya masalah tangan dan kaki, seperti kaki pengkor dan jari yang hilang atau menyatu
  • Adanya masalah pendengaran
  • Mata sering mengalami iritasi dan kering
  • Keterlambatan motorik
  • Adanya anomali dinding dada
  • Mata juling (strabismus)
  • Dagu kecil
  • Mulut kecil
  • Lidah pendek atau memiliki bentuk berbeda

 

Baca Juga: Tanda-Tanda Kelainan Jantung Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) pada Anak

 

Dampak Sindrom Mobius pada Kehidupan

Sindrom Mobius memiliki dampak yang cukup besar pada hidup seseorang. Anak-anak yang mengalami sindrom ini cenderung memiliki keterlambatan perkembangan seperti duduk, merangkak atau berjalan.

Pada akhirnya, sindrom Mobius memengaruhi berbagai hal di dalam hidup di antaranya:

  • Menyebabkan gangguan pernafasan
  • Mata kering
  • Gangguan pendengaran
  • Gangguan makan karena kesulitan menelan makanan
  • Gangguan penglihatan karena juling
  • Kesulitan melakukan kontak mata
  • Kesulitan menggerakkan bola mata
  • Kesulitan mengerucutkan bibir
  • Tidak bisa menaikkan alis
  • Tidak bisa tersenyum
  • Gangguan berbicara
  • Gangguan pertumbuhan gigi

Untuk mengurangi semua dampak di atas ada banyak perawatan dan pengobatan yang diperlukan sesuai dengan gejala yang dialami. Bahkan, mungkin diperlukan pembedahan untuk mengoreksi mata, memperbaiki gigi, membuat kelopak mata bisa menutup, memperbaiki saraf di wajah, membuka jalur pernapasan, memisahkan jari yang lengket satu sama lain.

 

Diharapkan dengan pengobatan dan perawatan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan, mereka yang mengalami sindrom Mobius bisa hidup normal seperti orang lain pada umumnya. Jadi, jangan takut untuk memeriksakan diri apabila ada tanda-tanda seperti yang disebutkan di atas.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 14:24

John Hopkins Medicine. Moebius Syndrome. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/moebius-syndrome

Moebius Syndrom Foundation. What is Moebius syndrome?. Available from: https://moebiussyndrome.org/about-moebius-syndrome/what-is-moebius-syndrome/

 

Cleveland Clinic (2021). Moebius Syndrome. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/6064-moebius-syndrome

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.11msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3535 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new860μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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