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Sebagai Organ Penting, Inilah Fungsi Hati di Dalam Tubuh

Sebagai Organ Penting, Inilah Fungsi Hati di Dalam Tubuh
Credits: Freepik. Hati memiliki banyak fungsi dalam mengatur metabolisme tubuh.

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Di dalam tubuh ada banyak organ penting yang bekerja saling mendukung satu sama lain. Salah satunya adalah hati, yang berada di bagian perut kanan atas dan di bawah diafragma.

Hati terlindungi oleh tulang iga, sehingga Anda mungkin sulit merabanya dari luar tubuh. Bila digambarkan, hati tampak seperti segitiga besar, yang terbagi menjadi dua area yaitu lobus kiri dan lobus kanan.

 

Fungsi Hati

Sebagai salah satu kelenjar terbesar, hati memiliki lebih dari 500 fungsi di dalam tubuh. Sebagian fungsi utama hati di antaranya sebagai berikut:

Memproduksi Empedu

Empedu membantu usus kecil memecah dan menyerap lemak, kolesterol dan beberapa vitamin. Cairan ini terdiri dari garam empedu, kolesterol, bilirubin, elektrolit dan air.

Selain itu, cairan empedu ini diproduksi oleh hati untuk membantu membuang limbah di usus kecil selama proses pencernaan makanan.

 

Menyerap dan Memetabolisme Bilirubin

Hati dan sumsum tulang bertugas menyimpan zat besi yang dilepaskan dari hemoglobin, yang kemudian akan membuat generasi sel darah selanjutnya. Pemecahan hemoglobin ini membentuk apa yang disebut bilirubin.

 

Membantu Pembekuan Darah

Vitamin K sebagai zat koagulan dibutuhkan untuk membantu pembekuan darah di dalam tubuh. Empedu sangatlah penting untuk penyerapan vitamin K. Untuk dapat menjalankan fungsinya, hati harus bisa memproduksi cukup empedu agar tidak mengganggu pembekuan darah di dalam tubuh.

 

Metabolisme Lemak

Empedu yang dibuat oleh hati akan bermanfaat untuk memecah lemak dan membuatnya agar lebih mudah dicerna oleh tubuh.

 

Metabolisme Karbohidrat

Hati juga menyimpan karbohidrat dari makanan. Sebelumnya hati akan memecah karbohidrat yang dikenal dengan glikogen menjadi glukosa. Glukosa (gula) inilah yang akan dilepaskan ke dalam aliran darah untuk mengatur kadar gula darah dan memberikan energi pada tubuh.

 

Penyimpanan Vitamin dan Mineral

Hati menyimpan vitamin yang larut dalam lemak, yaitu vitamin A, D, E, K dan B12. Hati juga menyimpan zat besi dari hemoglobin dalam bentuk feritin yang telah siap untuk digunakan memproduksi sel darah merah baru.

 

Membantu Memetabolisme Protein

Empedu membantu mengurai protein yang berasal dari makanan agar dicerna oleh tubuh.

Membantu Menyaring Darah

Hati membantu menyaring dan membuang senyawa dari tubuh, termasuk hormon dan senyawa lain seperti obat-obatan dan juga alkohol yang berasal dari makanan atau minuman.

 

Sebagai Fungsi Kekebalan Tubuh

Sel-sel yang dihasilkan oleh hati terlibat dalam aktivitas kekebalan di mana sel-sel ini menghancurkan virus penyebab penyakit, bakteri, atau mikroorganisme lain.

 

Memproduksi Albumin

Albumin adalah protein yang paling umum ditemukan di dalam darah. Albumin membantu mengedarkan asam lemak dan hormon untuk mengontrol tekanan dan mencegah kebocoran di dalam pembuluh darah.

 

Regenerasi

Di antara ratusan fungsi hati, salah satu fakta yang paling menarik adalah bagaimana hati dapat tumbuh kembali dengan cepat dalam kondisi sehat.

Sama seperti vertebrata lainnya, hati manusia adalah satu-satunya organ viseral yang dapat beregenerasi dan tumbuh kembali ke ukuran serta kemampuan sebelumnya tanpa kehilangan fungsi selama proses pertumbuhan.

Meskipun demikian, bila tidak dijaga dengan baik, menjalani pola hidup kurang sehat, gemar mengonsumsi minuman beralkohol, merokok, mengonsumsi obat sembarangan dan tidak sesuai dengan dosis, hati bisa mengalami gangguan.

Sirosis hati, perlemakan hati, hepatitis, dan kanker hati adalah penyakit yang dapat menyerang hati. Untuk melindungi agar hati dapat berfungsi dengan baik maka pola hidup sehat sebaiknya dijalani, dapatkan vaksinasi hepatitis A dan B, mengikuti anjuran dan mengonsumsi obat yang hanya diresepkan oleh dokter atau sesuai dengan petunjuk pemakaian, dan membatasi asupan minuman beralkohol.

Segera periksakan diri ke dokter apabila Anda mengalami gejala yang menunjukkan penyakit hati seperti jaundice (perubahan warna kuning), pembengkakan hati, mual dan muntah, atau rasa sakit di bagian perut kanan atas yang tidak kunjung hilang.

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Rabu, 12 April 2023 | 04:14

John Hopkins Medicine. Liver: Anatomy and Functions. Available from: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/liver-anatomy-and-functions

Matthew Hoffman, MD (2021). Picture of the Liver. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/picture-of-the-liver

Tim Newman (2022). What does the liver do?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/305075

 

Standford Medicine Children's Health. Anatomy and Function of the Liver. Available from: https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=anatomy-and-function-of-the-liver-90-P03069

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 2109
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7224
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8483
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • 0: 1888
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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