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  • Penyebab Limfangioma, Kista Berisi Cairan pada Anak-Anak

Penyebab Limfangioma, Kista Berisi Cairan pada Anak-Anak

Penyebab Limfangioma, Kista Berisi Cairan pada Anak-Anak
Ilustrasi anak dengan limfangioma. Credits: Freepik

Bagikan :


Limfangioma adalah jenis tumor jinak berisi cairan, yang sering ditemukan pada anak-anak. Meskipun tidak bersifat ganas, limfangioma bisa menyebabkan masalah kesehatan, tergantung pada ukuran dan lokasinya.

Tumor jinak ini berasal dari pembuluh getah bening, yaitu bagian dari sistem limfatik tubuh. Bayi dan balita sering didiagnosis memiliki limfangioma. Kondisi ini biasanya muncul sejak lahir atau dalam perkembangan anak.

 

Bagaimana Limfangioma Terbentuk?

Limfangioma merupakan kelainan perkembangan sistem limfatik (pembuluh dan kelenjar getah bening) yang menyebabkan terbentuknya benjolan berisi cairan getah bening. Hal ini mungkin terjadi ketika ada gangguan dalam pembentukan pembuluh getah bening selama perkembangan janin.

Pada janin yang sedang berkembang, pembuluh getah bening akan bergabung untuk membentuk jaringan yang lebih besar. Limfangioma terjadi ketika pembuluh ini gagal terhubung dengan sistem limfatik utama. Akibatnya, pembuluh tersebut terpisah dan mulai mengumpulkan cairan yang akhirnya membentuk kista berisi cairan.

Limfangioma bisa tumbuh seiring waktu, terutama selama periode pertumbuhan yang cepat seperti pada masa bayi atau selama masa pubertas. Pada beberapa kasus, limfangioma bisa tetap stabil ukurannya, bahkan bisa menyusut.

Baca Juga: Syringoma, Bintik Kecil yang Termasuk Tumor Jinak di Kulit

 

Penyebab Limfangioma pada Anak-Anak

Penyebab utama limfangioma tidak diketahui jelas. Namun, perkembangan abnormal pada sistem limfatik semasa perkembangan janin menjadi salah satu faktor utama yang bertanggung jawab atas kondisi ini.

Perkembangan sistem limfatik yang tidak sempurna mungkin terjadi di tahap awal kehamilan, sekitar minggu kelima hingga keenam. Kondisi ini menyebabkan pembuluh limfa yang seharusnya menyatu dengan sistem limfatik utama, malah berkembang secara mandiri dan membentuk kista berisi cairan.

Selain itu, beberapa faktor lain juga mungkin meningkatkan risiko berkembangnya limfangioma, di antaranya:

Faktor genetik dan kelainan kromosom

Faktor genetik mungkin memainkan peran penting dalam berkembangnya limfangioma. Beberapa kasus limfangioma dikaitkan dengan kelainan kromosom seperti sindrom Turner, sindrom Down, dan sindrom Noonan. Pada kondisi ini, abnormalitas genetik dapat memengaruhi perkembangan pembuluh limfa yang kemudian menyebabkan terbentuknya limfangioma.

Penelitian menunjukkan anak-anak dengan kelainan kromosom ini memiliki risiko lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak yang tidak memiliki kelainan.

Baca Juga: Jenis Tumor Tulang Jinak yang Seringkali Ditemukan pada Anak

Faktor lingkungan dan komplikasi kehamilan

Selain faktor genetik, kondisi lingkungan dan komplikasi selama kehamilan juga mungkin berkontribusi terhadap perkembangan limfangioma. Infeksi selama kehamilan, paparan zat berbahaya, dan kurangnya nutrisi selama kehamilan bisa memengaruhi perkembangan sistem limfatik janin.

Komplikasi kehamilan seperti kelahiran prematur atau persalinan sulit juga bisa meningkatkan risiko berkembangnya limfangioma. Risiko ini mungkin meningkat karena gangguan dalam aliran darah dan limpa. Namun, penelitian terhadap hal ini masih terbatas dan memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut.

 

Limfangioma sering kali didiagnosis pada bayi atau anak-anak. Diagnosis dini sangat penting untuk mencegah komplikasi lebih lanjut, seperti infeksi atau gangguan fungsi organ.

Konsultasikan lebih lanjut mengenai kondisi limfangioma dengan dokter atau manfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan Ai Care, Anda bisa mengunduh aplikasinya melalui App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar kehamilan, menyusui, kesehatan wanita dan anak-anak? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Selasa, 8 Oktober 2024 | 14:00

Alyssa Miceli and Kristen M. Stewart (2023). Lymphangioma. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470333/ 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Lymphangioma. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23141-lymphangioma 

National Cancer Institute. Lymphatic system. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/lymphatic-system 

Cleveland Clinic (2023). Lymphatic System. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21199-lymphatic-system 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Turner syndrome. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/turner-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20360782 

Cleveland Clinic (2023). Down Syndrome. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17818-down-syndrome 

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 4045
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7310
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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