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  • Ini Penyebab Asma Kambuh di Malam Hari, Ketahui Cara Pencegahannya

Ini Penyebab Asma Kambuh di Malam Hari, Ketahui Cara Pencegahannya

Ini Penyebab Asma Kambuh di Malam Hari, Ketahui Cara Pencegahannya
Ilustrasi asma. Credit: Freepik

Bagikan :


Pengidap asma sering kali mengalami asma kambuh di malam hari. Gejala yang dialami dapat berupa batuk dan sesak napas yang mengganggu aktivitas. Apa penyebab asma kambuh di malam hari dan bagaimana cara mengantisipasinya? Simak dalam artikel berikut.

 

Penyebab Asma Kambuh saat Malam Hari

Asma adalah kondisi dimana terjadi pembengkakan saluran bronkial sehingga Anda kesulitan bernapas. Saat asma kambuh, gejala yang dapat muncul antara lain:

  • Dada terasa berat
  • Batuk
  • Mengi
  • Sesak napas

Pada beberapa pengidap asma sering kali mengalami asma kambuh di malam hari atau di tengah-tengah tidur. Kondisi ini dikenal dengan istilah nocturnal asthma. 

Sebuah penelitian mengungkapkan, sebagian besar pengidap asma pernah mengalami nocturnal asthma dalam satu waktu. Penelitian lain yang diterbitkan dalam Academic Pediatrics menyebutkan bahwa kondisi ini juga banyak dialami anak-anak pengidap asma persisten yang berusia 4-10 tahun.

Baca Juga: Baru Mengalami Asma Setelah Dewasa, Apa Penyebabnya?

Belum diketahui penyebab pasti asma kambuh di malam hari. Namun peneliti mengungkapkan bahwa di malam hari, fungsi pernapasan menurun sehingga dapat menyebabkan gangguan pernapasan. Pada pengidap asma, kondisi ini dapat meningkatkan risiko kambuhnya asma. 

Sejumlah faktor diduga dapat menyebabkan kambuhnya asma di malam hari, di antaranya:

  • Posisi berbaring saat tidur
  • Peningkatan produksi lendir
  • Sinusitis
  • Gangguan ritme sirkadian
  • Paparan alergen seperti tungau atau debu di kasur
  • Respon alergen yang tertunda, baru muncul di malam hari
  • Penurunan kadar hormon epinefrin yang berfungsi merelaksasi saluran udara
  • Peningkatan kadar hormon histamin yang dapat membatasi saluran udara
  • Naiknya asam lambung ke tenggorokan (GERD)
  • Stres psikologis 
  • Gangguan tidur seperti sleep apnea
  • Udara dingin
  • Obesitas
  • Merokok
  • Konsumsi makanan yang mengandung sulfit sebelum tidur (anggur, buah kering, kentang olahan, udang)

Baca Juga: Gaya Hidup Sehat yang Dianjurkan untuk Pengidap Asma

 

Penanganan dan Pencegahan Asma Kambuh di Malam Hari

Bagi pengidap asma, jika Anda mengalami asma kambuh di malam hari lebih dari sekali seminggu setelah menjalani pengobatan sebaiknya segera periksakan ke dokter. Dokter dapat mengevaluasi penyebab asma kambuh dan mengevaluasi pengobatan yang diberikan.

Jika Anda tidak mengidap asma namun mengalami gejala asma yang kambuh di malam hari sebaiknya periksakan ke dokter agar mendapat pemeriksaan dan penanganan yang tepat. 

Seperti halnya penanganan asma, nocturnal asthma tidak memiliki pengobatan khusus. Pengobatan yang diberikan bertujuan untuk meredakan gejala yang muncul. Beberapa penanganan yang bisa diberikan untuk nocturnal asthma antara lain:

  • Pengobatan steroid hirup untuk meredakan peradangan
  • Mengonsumsi obat oral atau nebulizer untuk meredakan gejala asma
  • Meredakan gejala yang muncul akibat faktor risiko, seperti:
    • Mengelola stres dengan baik
    • Mengatasi GERD
    • Menjaga berat badan ideal
    • Olahraga rutin
    • Mengonsumsi makanan sehat
    • Berhenti merokok

Selain cara di atas, beberapa pengaturan posisi dan suasana tidur juga dapat membantu mencegah asma kambuh di malam hari. Beberapa cara yang bisa Anda coba di antaranya:

  • Membersihkan kamar dari alergen
  • Menjauhkan hewan peliharaan dari kamar tidur
  • Menghindari produk pengharum ruangan
  • Meletakkan obat-obatan asma di sekitar tempat tidur
  • Menjaga sirkulasi udara kamar tidur dengan baik

 

Pengidap asma terkadang mengalami asma kambuh di malam hari. Jika Anda sering mengalami gejala tersebut selama beberapa kali seminggu sebaiknya periksakan ke dokter.

Apabila Anda memiliki pertanyaan seputar kesehatan, Anda juga dapat memanfaatkan fitur konsultasi yang terdapat pada aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh melalui App Store dan Play Store. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainya? Cek di sini, yah!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Jumat, 11 Oktober 2024 | 14:33

WebMD Editorial Contributors. (2022). Nocturnal Asthma (Nighttime Asthma). Available from: https://www.webmd.com/asthma/nocturnal-asthma-nighttime-asthma

Newson, R. (2023). Nocturnal Asthma. Available from: https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-related-breathing-disorders/asthma-and-sleep

Duggal, N. (2020). What You Should Know About Nocturnal Asthma. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/nocturnal-asthma

Allergy & Asthma Network. What Is Nocturnal Asthma?. Available from: https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/what-is-asthma/nocturnal-asthma/

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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