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  • Mengenal Paru-Paru Popcorn, Gangguan Pernapasan Akibat Pemakaian Rokok Elektrik

Mengenal Paru-Paru Popcorn, Gangguan Pernapasan Akibat Pemakaian Rokok Elektrik

Mengenal Paru-Paru Popcorn, Gangguan Pernapasan Akibat Pemakaian Rokok Elektrik
Credit: Freepik

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Mengisap rokok elektrik belakangan menjadi tren di kalangan anak muda dan dewasa. Banyak yang menganggap rokok elektrik jauh lebih sehat dibandingkan dengan rokok yang terbuat dari tembakau. Namun faktanya, mengisap rokok elekrik dapat menyebabkan penyempitan saluran pernapasan yang dikenal dengan istilah paru-paru popcorn (popcorn lung).

 

Apa Itu Paru-Paru Popcorn?

Paru-paru popcorn (popcorn lung) atau yang dikenal dengan istilah bronchiolitis obliterans adalah kondisi dimana saluran udara terkecil (bronkiolus) dalam paru-paru mengalami penyempitan akibat luka. Ketika Anda mengalami kondisi ini, bronkiolus akan mengalami peradangan, lalu mengalami kerusakan dan terbentuk jaringan parut akibat paparan zat kimia berbahaya.

Penyakit ini disebut paru-paru popcorn bukan tanpa alasan. Para ahli mendapati penyakit ini pertama kali pada pekerja pabrik popcorn. Diduga para pekerja mengalami gangguan pernapasan ini karena menghirup zat kimia diacetyl, zat kimia yang digunakan untuk perasa pada popcorn.

Untuk saat ini, diacetyl juga banyak digunakan untuk menambah aroma dalam rokok elektrik. Selain pada pengguna rokok elektrik, orang yang dalam pekerjaannya bersinggungan dengan bahan kimia industri seperti amonia dan klorin, asap logam dari industri juga berisiko mengalami paru-paru popcorn.

 

Penyebab Paru-Paru Popcorn

Paru-paru popcorn disebabkan oleh kebiasaan menghirup bahan kimia beracun seperti diacetyl, amonia, klorin dan zat kimia berbahaya lainnya. Zat kimia ini bisa berasal dari pabrik, atau rokok elektrik yang digunakan sehari-hari.

Rokok elektrik mengandung berbagai jenis bahan kimia yang diduga membahayakan kesehatan paru-paru. Sama halnya dengan rokok tembakau, uap dari rokok elektrik juga memengaruhi bukan hanya pengisap rokok elektrik namun juga orang-orang yang ada di sekitarnya.

Selain dari paparan zat kimia, kondisi ini juga dapat dialami oleh pasien transplantasi paru. Pada beberapa kasus, paru-paru popcorn dapat terjadi tanpa perlu terkena paparan zat kimia industri yang berbahaya.

 

Gejala Paru-Paru Popcorn

Gejala paru-paru popcorn mirip dengan beberapa gangguan pernapasan lainnya seperti:

  • Mengi (napas berbunyi ngik)
  • Batuk kering
  • Badan terasa kelelahan
  • Sesak napas dan sulit menarik napas dalam
  • Napas terasa berat setelah melakukan aktivitas fisik berat
  • Napas tidak teratur
  • Mengalami ruam-ruam di kulit
  • Mengalami gangguan pada mata, mulut atau hidung akibat paparan zat kimia

Gejala paru-paru popcorn sering kali dianggap sama dengan gangguan pernapasan lainnya. Untuk itu jika Anda mengalami gejala di atas sebaiknya segera periksakan ke dokter, terutama jika gejala muncul 2-8 minggu setelah terpapar zat kimia.

Gejala yang tidak ditangani dapat berkembang menjadi semakin parah dan sulit untuk disembuhkan.

 

Penanganan Paru-Paru Popcorn

Paru-paru yang mengalami penyempitan akibat paru-paru popcorn tidak bisa pulih seperti semula. Cara terbaik untuk mengatasi paru-paru popcorn adalah dengan mengurangi keparahan gejala yang dialami dan disesuaikan dengan penyebab terjadinya penyempitan paru.

Apabila penyempitan disebabkan karena paparan zat kimia berbahaya maka sebaiknya Anda menghindari paparan zat kimia tersebut, termasuk berhenti merokok dengan rokok elektronik. Penanganan lain yang bisa diberikan antara lain dengan memberikan obat-obatan kortikosteroid untuk meredakan peradangan.

Bagi Anda yang mengalami kesulitan bernapas, dokter juga dapat merekomendasikan inhaler untuk membantu bernapas lega. Pengidap paru-paru popcorn juga rentan mengalami sesak napas sehingga memerlukan terapi oksigen tambahan. Namun jika kerusakan paru-paru cukup parah, dokter dapat merekomendasikan transplantasi paru-paru.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Rabu, 3 Januari 2024 | 05:18

WebMD. What Is Popcorn Lung?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/lung/popcorn-lung#1

American Lung Association. Popcorn Lung: A Dangerous Risk of Flavored E-Cigarettes. Available from: https://www.lung.org/blog/popcorn-lung-risk-ecigs

Cleveland Clinic. Popcorn Lung (Bronchiolitis Obliterans). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22590-popcorn-lung-bronchiolitis-obliterans

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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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