Kleptomania, Bisakah Disembuhkan?

Kleptomania, Bisakah Disembuhkan?
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Mencuri adalah tindakan mengambil suatu barang yang bukan milik sendiri, dan dilakukan tanpa izin. Mencuri masuk dalam kategori tindakan kriminal yang dapat dijatuhi hukuman sesuai aturan yang berlaku.

Ada berbagai hal yang menyebabkan seseorang mencuri, salah satu penyebabnya dipengaruhi oleh gangguan kontrol impuls. Tindakan pencurian yang dilatar belakangi kondisi kesehatan mental ini dikenal dengan istilah kleptomania.

 

Kleptomania, Seperti Apa Ciri-Cirinya?

Kleptomania dikategorikan sebagai kondisi kesehatan mental di mana seseorang merasakan dorongan yang tidak terkendali untuk mencuri sesuatu. Tindakan pencurian biasanya tidak dilatarbelakangi himpitan ekonomi, dan banyak yang merasa menyesal atau bersalah setelah melakukannya.

Para ahli mengklasifikasikan kleptomania sebagai gangguan kontrol impuls, yang memiliki ciri-ciri sebagai berikut:

  • Ketidakmampuan menahan dorongan kuat untuk mencuri barang yang tidak dibutuhkan
  • Merasakan peningkatan ketegangan, kecemasan atau gairah saat mencuri
  • Merasakan kesenangan, kelegaan atau kepuasan saat mencuri
  • Merasa sangat bersalah, menyesal, membenci diri sendiri, malu ketika tertangkap setelah pencurian
  • Kembalinya dorongan atau episode kleptomania

Kleptomania tidak sama seperti mengutil, karena kleptomania lebih banyak didorong oleh keinginan kuat yang tidak dapat ditahan. Episodenya seringkali muncul secara spontan dan tidak direncanakan, dan juga tidak ada kerja sama dengan orang lain.

Umumnya orang dengan kleptomania akan mencuri di tempat publik atau di keramaian. Barang yang dicuri seringkali adalah barang yang sepele, yang terkadang akan dibuang atau dikembalikan secara diam-diam ke tempat semula.

 

Mengapa Orang bisa Mengalami Kleptomania?

Para ahli tidak tahu jelas mengapa kleptomania dapat terjadi. Beberapa penelitian merujuk pada beberapa faktor yang menjadi penyebab kleptomania, di antaranya:

  • Adanya perbedaan struktur otak pada orang dengan kleptomania yang menunjukkan hubungan yang lebih lemah pada kontrol di dalam otak
  • Adanya perbedaan kimia otak (neurotransmitter) yang mengelola proses tertentu
  • Kleptomania juga dapat menjadi gejala kondisi kesehatan mental seperti kecemasan, depresi, gangguan makan, kecanduan atau gangguan penggunaan zat terlarang

Para ahli belum mengetahui pasti hubungan genetik dengan kleptomania, namun pada sebagian kasus, orang dengan riwayat keluarga yang memiliki gangguan kesehatan mental, seperti kecemasan, gangguan suasana hati dan penggunaan zat terlarang cenderung mengalami kleptomania

 

Kleptomania bisa Disembuhkan, Ini Caranya

Sama halnya seperti gangguan kesehatan mental lainnya, kleptomania dapat disembuhkan dengan pengobatan maupun psikoterapi. Syarat utama agar orang dengan kleptomania bisa sembuh adalah menyadari apa yang dialaminya dan segera mencari pertolongan profesional.

Sayangnya, hal ini tidak mudah karena orang dengan kleptomania cenderung menutup diri dan tidak mengakui apa yang dialaminya.

Kleptomania yang dibiarkan berkembang tanpa pengobatan dan perawatan dapat berkembang menjadi gangguan kontrol impulsif lain seperti belanja impulsif, berjudi impulsif, penyalahgunaan alkohol atau zat terlarang, gangguan kepribadian, gangguan makan, depresi, gangguan bipolar, kecemasan hingga keinginan dan usaha bunuh diri.

Jika saat ini Anda merasakan tanda-tanda di atas, atau pernah merasakan dorongan mencuri barang yang sangat keras, maka tidak perlu takut dan malu untuk mencari pertolongan dari para ahli.

Walaupun tidak dapat disembuhkan total, namun pengobatan dan terapi akan membantu Anda mengatasi dorongan besar mencuri serta menurunkan risiko berkembangnya gangguan kesehatan mental lainnya.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Rabu, 12 April 2023 | 14:07

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Kleptomania. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9878-kleptomania

Mayo Clinic (2017). Kleptomania. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kleptomania/symptoms-causes/syc-20364732

Ana Gotter (2017). Stealing. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/stealing

WebMD (2021). What to Know About Being Addicted to Stealing. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/what-to-know-addicted-stealing

 

Karthik Kumar, MBBS (2021). What causes kleptomania?. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/what_causes_kleptomania/article.htm

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.05msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6708 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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