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Kenali Jenis dan Pola Perundungan (Bullying) pada Orang Dewasa

Kenali Jenis dan Pola Perundungan (Bullying) pada Orang Dewasa
Ilustrasi bullying di tempat kerja. Credits: Freepik

Bagikan :


Perundungan (bullying) tidak hanya terjadi di masa anak-anak dan remaja, tetapi juga dapat dialami oleh orang dewasa di berbagai lingkungan. Bullying pada orang dewasa bisa terjadi di tempat kerja, rumah, maupun komunitas.

Perundungan pada orang dewasa sering kali melibatkan dinamika kekuasaan yang lebih kompleks, seperti atasan dan bawahan atau senior dan junior. Perundungan pada masa ini cenderung lebih sulit ditangani karena takut akan konsekuensi seperti kehilangan pekerjaan atau pengaruh pada status sosial. Seperti apakah pola perundungan yang dialami orang dewasa dan bagaimana mengatasinya?

 

Jenis dan Pola Perundungan (Bullying) pada Orang Dewasa

Jenis dan pola perundungan pada orang dewasa sebenarnya tidak jauh berbeda seperti yang dialami anak-anak atau remaja. Hanya saja, masalahnya menjadi jauh lebih kompleks.

Berikut adalah beberapa jenis bullying yang sering dialami oleh orang dewasa:

Penindasan material

Penindasan material terjadi ketika seseorang menggunakan kekuatan atau posisinya untuk menindas orang lain. Penindas seperti ini biasanya memiliki wewenang yang cukup besar, seperti bos atau manajer.

Mereka mungkin menggunakan kendali atas uang, posisi, atau sumber daya lain untuk mengintimidasi orang lain. Misalnya mengancam memotong gaji atau memecat untuk menegaskan dominasi.

Penindasan verbal

Seperti namanya, penindasan verbal melibatkan penghinaan dan kritik yang merendahkan melalui kata-kata. Korban mungkin terus-menerus dikritik, diejek, dan dipermalukan di depan orang lain.

Bahasa yang digunakan dalam penindasan verbal juga biasanya bersifat rasis, homofobik, atau mengancam. Hal ini dapat menimbulkan tekanan serta ketidaknyamanan. Orang yang mengalami juga sering kali merasa tidak aman.

Baca Juga: Dampak Jangka Panjang Bullying (Perundungan) pada Anak dan Remaja

Penindasan pasif agresif

Dalam perundungan dewasa, ada pola penindasan pasif agresif, di mana orang yang menindas dikenal tampak ramah di depan namun di belakang melakukan tindakan-tindakan yang merugikan.

Mereka melakukan penindasan dengan bergosip, melontarkan lelucon sarkasme atau menyakitkan. Mereka juga mungkin membuat ekspresi wajah seperti merendahkan atau mengejek dengan cara halus untuk menyebabkan korban merasa cemas, tertekan, dan tidak aman.

Cyberbullying

Penindasan siber biasanya dilakukan melalui perangkat elektronik seperti ponsel, komputer, atau media sosial. Penindasan ini bisa sangat merusak karena penyebarannya yang sangat cepat dan luas serta sulit dikendalikan.

Cyberbullying dapat berupa email, pesan teks yang menghina, postingan media sosial, dan pesan pribadi yang dirancang untuk memalukan korban.

Penindasan fisik

Perundungan pada orang dewasa lainnya dapat berupa penindasan fisik, di mana bentuknya bisa terlihat karena melibatkan tindakan kekerasan. Penindasan fisik tidak hanya menyebabkan kerusakan fisik tetapi juga trauma emosional yang mendalam bagi orang yang mengalaminya.

Baca Juga: Yang Perlu Diajarkan pada Anak untuk Menghadapi Bullying

 

Mengatasi Bullying di Dunia Orang Dewasa

Walaupun bullying pada orang dewasa merupakan suatu hal yang kompleks, Anda tidak bisa hanya berdiam saja. Apabila Anda merasa menjadi salah satu korbannya, maka ikuti strategi berikut untuk lepas dari perundungan yang Anda alami:

Tahu kapan harus merespons

Jika perilaku intimidasi tidak terlalu berlebihan dan berbahaya, lebih bijaksana untuk menghindari konfrontasi langsung. Anda perlu memilih waktu yang tepat untuk melawan. Tidak semua situasi membutuhkan respons langsung.

Lakukan kontak mata

Menjaga kontak mata menunjukkan Anda percaya diri dan tidak takut. Ini dapat mengurangi keinginan pelaku untuk terus menindas karena umumnya penindas cenderung menargetkan orang yang tampak lemah dan tidak berdaya.

Menghindar

Jika mengalami perundungan di tempat kerja, coba untuk menghindar dan menjauhkan diri dari si penindas. Misalnya, dengan memindahkan meja kerja, tidak makan siang bersama, dan mengurangi interaksi sebisa mungkin.

Dokumentasikan insiden

Buat catatan rinci setiap kali terjadi perundungan, termasuk tanggal, waktu, tempat, siapa saksi mata, dan apa yang dilakukan serta kalimat yang diucapkan. Dokumentasi ini bisa menjadi bukti kuat apabila Anda memutuskan mengambil tindakan lebih lanjut.

 

Jangan ragu untuk mencari dukungan dari rekan kerja, teman, atau konselor dan pengacara. Dukungan moral dan profesional dapat membantu Anda merasa lebih kuat dan siap menghadapi situasi yang ada. Jika Anda mengalami gejala depresi, seperti menyakiti diri sendiri atau lebih sering menyendiri, segera konsultasi ke dokter atau psikolog. 

Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan bersama dokter Ai Care dengan cara mengunduh aplikasinya melalui App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 2 September 2024 | 07:27

Better Help (2024). How To Handle Adult Bullying. Available from: https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/bullying/how-to-handle-adult-bullying/ 

Arlin Cuncic, MA (2023). How to Deal With Adult Bullying. Available from: https://www.verywellmind.com/how-to-deal-with-adult-bullying-5187158 

Richa Bhatia, MD (2023). How to Recognize and Deal With Adult Bullying. Available from: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/healthier-minds-happier-world/202311/how-to-recognize-adult-bullying 

Susan Krauss Whitbourne, PhD, ABPP (2023). Adults Can Be Cyberbullies, Too, and Here’s Why. Available from: https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/fulfillment-at-any-age/202310/adults-can-be-cyberbullies-too-and-heres-why 

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 2102
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.48msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 349 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 349
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • 0: 492
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 9797
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.47msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5795 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5795
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\User
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-04-12 04:33:29GET/penyakit/kenali-jenis-dan-pola-perundungan-bullying-pada-orang-dewasa11134270