Bagaimana Virus Herpes dapat Menular?

Bagaimana Virus Herpes dapat Menular?
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Herpes adalah salah satu penyakit kulit yang mudah menular dan disebabkan oleh virus. Ciri khas herpes adalah muncul lepuhan di kulit dan disertai rasa gatal. Herpes termasuk penyakit yang mudah menular, umumnya pengidap herpes tertular dari kontak orang lain yang terinfeksi. Bagaimana penularan dan pencegahan virus herpes yang efektif? Simak ulasannya berikut ini. 

 

Cara Penularan Penyakit herpes

Berdasarkan penyebabnya, virus herpes dapat terbagi menjadi beberapa jenis tergantung dari virus penyebabnya. Herpes disebabkan oleh virus herpes simplex HSV1, HSV2, varicella zoster dan herpes zoster.

Masing-masing virus menunjukkan gejala dan infeksi yang berbeda-beda. Infeksi virus herpes simplex akan menimbulkan gangguan pada kulit kelamin, bibir dan mata. Setiap virus juga memiliki cara penularan yang berbeda.

Pada tahap awal penyakit ini seringkali tidak menimbulkan gejala. Gejala ini dapat muncul setelah berbulan-bulan hingga bertahun-tahun infeksi. Untuk itu, penularan herpes perlu diwaspadai. Beberapa cara penularan herpes, di antaranya:

 

1. Kontak Fisik dengan Orang yang Terinfeksi Herpes

Penularan herpes dapat terjadi ketika virus herpes berpindah dari tubuh orang yang terinfeksi ke orang yang sehat. Dilansir dari CDC, herpes umumnya dapat menular ketika ruam baru saja muncul, ruam sudah berubah menjadi lenting dan lepuhan, serta ketika lenting mengering dan berubah menjadi luka. Meskipun lenting sudah tidak terasa sakit, namun Anda tetap dapat menularkan virus herpes pada orang yang sehat.

 

Baca Juga: Beda Jerawat di Kemaluan dengan Gejala Herpes Genital

 

2. Hubungan Seks dan Seks Oral

Virus herpes juga dapat menular melalui hubungan seksual dan kegiatan seksual lainnya seperti seks oral dan seks anal. Pada herpes genital, penularan terjadi ketika orang sehat menerima seks oral dari orang yang terinfeksi herpes oral. Penularan virus herpes juga bisa terjadi ketika menggunakan mainan seks yang masih basah oleh ciaran tubuh atau cairan vagina.

 

3. Berciuman dengan Orang yang Terinfeksi

Berciuman juga bisa menjadi salah satu cara penularan penyakit herpes, terutama untuk jenis herpes yang penularan utamanya melalui kontak langsung dengan mulut seperti virus HSV1.

Virus HSV1 ditularkan melallui kontak mukosa atau sekresi orang yang memiliki virus. Virus HSV1 menyebabkan herpes oral dan herpes labial yang menyerang mulut dan bibir. Virus ini juga mudah menyerang orang yang memiliki daya tahan tubuh lemah.

 

Baca Juga: Menyusui Saat Terinfeksi Herpes, Aman Tidak Ya?

 

Cara Mencegah Penularan Herpes

Virus herpes dapat menular dalam kegiatan sehari-hari. Penularan herpes juga dapat terjadi ketika gejala herpes belum nampak. Orang yang sudah terpapar dan menunjukkan gejala infeksi herpes perlu menhindari kontak dengan orang lain termasuk sentuhan fisik dan hubungan seks.

Beberapa cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengurangi pencegahan herpes, di antaranya:

  • Rajin cuci tangan dengan sabun
  • Hindari menggunakan alat kebersihan pribadi dengan orang lain
  • Menerapkan gaya hidup sehat dengan makan makanan sehat, tidur dan olahraga yang cukup

Pada ibu hamil yang memiliki gejala herpes genital perlu melakukan pemeriksaan rutin dan menginfokan pada dokter dan perawat yang menangani mereka bahwa ia sedang terinfeksi herpes. Menjelang kelahiran, risiko penularan herpes saat persalinan akan semakin besar.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 09:41

CDC. Transmission. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/about/transmission.html

CDC. Genital Herpes - CDC Basic Fact Sheet. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/std/herpes/stdfact-herpes.htm#

Herpes Virus Association. Available from: https://herpes.org.uk/frequently-asked-questions/passing-transmitting-herpes/

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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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