Benarkah Nyamuk Tertarik Golongan Darah Tertentu?

Benarkah Nyamuk Tertarik Golongan Darah Tertentu?
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Nyamuk adalah hewan pemakan darah yang kerap dianggap sebagai pengganggu karena mengisap darah manusia. Tak hanya itu, beberapa jenis nyamuk juga menularkan kuman yang bisa membuat Anda sakit melalui gigitannya.

Konon nyamuk tertarik pada golongan darah tertentu yang menyebabkan pemilik golongan darah tertentu lebih disukai dan dikejar nyamuk, benarkah?

 

Golongan Darah yang Disukai Nyamuk

Sebagian besar nyamuk yang menggigit manusia adalah nyamuk betina. Mereka mengandalkan protein dari darah manusia untuk memproduksi sel telurnya.

Menurut penelitian, nyamuk tertarik pada golongan darah tertentu, yaitu golongan darah O yang disukai jenis nyamuk Aedes albopictus dan golongan darah AB yang disukai nyamuk jenis Anopheles gambiae.

Ketertarikan nyamuk pada golongan darah O diperkirakan karena tidak adanya antigen A maupun B di permukaan sel darah merah. Namun, perlu dicatat bahwa antigen tidak hanya bisa ditemukan di dalam sel darah merah saja. Antigen juga mungkin ditemukan di cairan tubuh seperti keringat atau air mata.

Yang dimaksud dengan antigen golongan darah adalah molekul protein yang bisa ditemukan di permukaan sel darah merah. Menurut sistem golongan darah ABO pembagian antigen adalah sebagai berikut:

  • Golongan darah A memiliki antigen A di dalam sel darah merah dan antibodi antiB di dalam plasma
  • Golongan darah B memiliki antigen B dengan antibodi antiA dalam plasma
  • Golongan darah O tidak memiliki antigen namun memiliki antibodi antiA dan antiB dalam plasma
  • Golongan darah AB memiliki antigen A dan B tetapi tidak memiliki antibodi

 

Baca Juga: Kenali Karakter Diri Lewat Golongan Darah

 

Faktor Lain yang Memikat Gigitan Nyamuk

Selain golongan darah O, nyamuk juga mungkin terpikat pada tubuh manusia karena beberapa faktor lain, di antaranya:

Karbon dioksida

Manusia melepaskan karbon dioksida saat bernapas. Karbon dioksida yang dilepaskan manusia bisa dirasakan oleh nyamuk, bahkan dari jarak 5-15 meter. Sensasi karbon dioksida yang dilepaskan tubuh seperti menjadi peta bagi nyamuk untuk mengikuti ke manapun Anda pergi.

Aroma tubuh

Sebagian nyamuk tertarik pada aroma tubuh seseorang. Aroma tubuh dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik, bakteri dan juga komponen kulit itu sendiri. Sama seperti karbon dioksida, aroma tubuh menuntun nyamuk untuk menggigit tubuh kita. Aroma tersebut menarik perhatian nyamuk seperti halnya magnet bagi mereka.

Panas tubuh

Sama halnya seperti karbo dioksida dan aroma tubuh, panas tubuh dapat menarik lebih banyak perhatian nyamuk. Inilah mengapa saat Anda berolahraga atau berkeringat, nyamuk lebih senang mengerubungi Anda.

 

Baca Juga: Inilah Beda Nyamuk Penyebab Demam Berdarah Vs Nyamuk Penyebab Malaria

Pakaian berwarna gelap

Nyamuk senang bersembunyi di tempat yang gelap. Saat Anda mengenakan pakaian yang berwarna gelap, nyamuk cenderung lebih suka menempel dan bersembunyi di sela pakaian Anda. Tak hanya menempel di pakaian, mereka juga mungkin menggigit Anda.

Untuk menghindari gigitan nyamuk, lebih baik kenakan pakaian berwarna terang.

 

Gigitan nyamuk tidak hanya menimbulkan rasa gatal atau bentol-bentol. Gigitan nyamuk Aedes bisa menyebabkan demam dengue. Waspada gejala yang muncul setelah digigit nyamuk seperti sakit kepala, nyeri otot, mual, muntah, nyeri di belakang mata, dan munculnya ruam kemerahan.

Konsultasikan dengan dokter melalui aplikasi Ai Care apabila Anda mengalami gejala di atas untuk mendapatkan saran pengobatan yang tepat.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Jumat, 19 Mei 2023 | 02:11

Jill Seladi-Schulman, Ph.D (2020). Are Mosquitoes Attracted to Certain Blood Types?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/mosquito-blood-type 

Melissa Breyer (2023). 9 Reasons Mosquitoes Bite Some People More Than Others. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/reason-mosquitoes-bite-some-people-more-others-4858811 

NHS UK (2023). Blood groups. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/blood-groups/ 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Dengue fever. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20353078 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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