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Inilah Beda Nyamuk Penyebab Demam Berdarah Vs Nyamuk Penyebab Malaria

Inilah Beda Nyamuk Penyebab Demam Berdarah Vs Nyamuk Penyebab Malaria
Credits: Freepik Ilustrasi gigitan nyamuk

Bagikan :


Demam berdarah dan malaria adalah penyakit yang sama-sama disebabkan oleh gigitan nyamuk. Gejala awal kedua penyakit inipun hampir mirip, sama-sama disertai demam dan gejala seperti saat sedang pilek atau flu. Karena gejala yang mirip pilek biasa, orang seringkali baru menyadari rasa sakitnya ketika infeksi sudah berkembang di dalam tubuh.

Walaupun sama-sama disebabkan gigitan nyamuk, namun nyamuk penyebab demam berdarah dan malaria tidak sama, lho. Ketahui perbedaannya dalam pembahasan singkat berikut ini.

 

Nyamuk Penyebab Demam Berdarah Dengue

Demam dengue adalah penyakit yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk, yang sebagian besar kasusnya masih sering terjadi di daerah tropis dan subtropis di dunia. Demam dengue ringan menyebabkan demam tinggi dan gejala seperti flu, namun ketika gejalanya berkembang menjadi parah ia akan disebut demam berdarah dengue yang dapat menyebabkan pendarahan serius, penurunan tekanan darah secara tiba-tiba bahkan hingga kematian.

Demam berdarah dengue ditularkan oleh nyamuk yang bernama Aedes aegypti. Nyamuk Aedes dewasa dibedakan dari nyamuk jenis lain dengan tubuhnya yang sempit dan biasanya berwarana hitam. Ia memiliki pola sisik terang dan gelap yang unik di perut dan dada, dan pita terang dan gelap yang berselang-seling di kaki.

Nyamuk Aedes memiliki ciri khas menahan tubuhnya rendah dan sejajar dengan tanah dengan belalai miring ke bawah saat mendarat.

Nyamuk ini membutuhkan waktu hanya sekitar 7-10 hari dari wujud telur menjadi nyamuk dewasa. Nyamuk betina dewasa bertelur di dinding bagian dalam wadah berisi air, di atas permukaan air yang bersih. Telur akan menempel erat pada dinding seperti lem dan dapat bertahan mengering hingga 8 bulan lamanya.

Dalam pertumbuhannya, nyamuk betina dewasalah yang menggigit manusia dan hewan, yang juga menjadi media penular virus demam berdarah. Nyamuk ini biasanya tidak terbang jarak jauh, dan hanya akan terbang dalam jarak beberapa blok saja sehingga Anda dapat menemukan nyamuk ini di sekitar lingkungan baik di dalam maupun di luar rumah.

 

Nyamuk Penyebab Malaria

Berbeda dengan demam berdarah yang disebabkan oleh virus, malaria justru disebabkan oleh parasit. Parasit ini menyebar ke manusia satu ke yang lain melalui gigitan nyamuk yang terinfeksi. Penderita malaria biasanya akan merasa sangat sakit dengan demam tinggi dan menggigil kedinginan.

Nyamuk yang menyebabkan malaria tidak sama dengan penyebab demam berdarah. Malaria ditularkan oleh nyamuk betina dari genus Anopheles. Nyamuk ini menghisap darah untuk memproduksi telurnya, dan gigitannya menularkan parasit yang kemudian akan masuk ke dalam liver dan aliran darah.

Seperti nyamuk pada umumnya, nyamuk anopheles melalui empat tahapan siklus hidup seperti telur, larva, pupa, dan nyamuk dewasa. Tiga tahap pertama hidupnya berlangsung 7-14 hari. Nyamuk jantan tidak menggigit sehingga tidak menularkan malaria atau penyakit lainnya, nyamuk betina dewasa berumur pendek, hanya sekitar 1-2 minggu saja dan dapat menularkan malaria.

Demam berdarah dan malaria dapat dicegah dengan menurunkan risiko penularan lewat gigitan nyamuk. Agar terhindar dari kedua penyakit tersebut, gunakan pakaian yang melindungi bagian tubuh dari gigitan nyamuk, gunakan obat pelindung nyamuk, dan bersihkan tempat-tempat penampungan air. Periksakan diri ke dokter apabila Anda mengalami demam tinggi yang tidak kunjung membaik setelah mengondumsi pereda demam.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 07:29

CDC (2020). Anopheles Mosquitoes. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/biology/index.html

CDC (2021). About Dengue: What You Need to Know. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/about/index.html

Mayo Clinic (2021). Malaria. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/malaria/symptoms-causes/syc-20351184

Mayo Clinic (2020). Dengue fever. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20353078

CDC (2020). Life Cycle of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus Mosquitoes. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/mosquitoes/about/life-cycles/aedes.html

Britannica. Aedes. Available from: https://www.britannica.com/animal/Aedes.

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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.28msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4737 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 4737
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5284 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 5284
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.08msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 544 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 544
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.81msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5919 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 5919
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.99msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9675 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 9675
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.66msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5943 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.31msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8352 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 8352
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Bindings
        • 0: 6954
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new910μsselect * from `term_policies`
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      App\Models\Admin\Post
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      App\Models\Admin\Category
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      App\User
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