Batuk Disertai Darah, Apa Penyebabnya?

Batuk Disertai Darah, Apa Penyebabnya?
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Hemoptisis adalah istilah medis untuk kondisi batuk yang disertai darah. Darah ini biasanya berasal dari saluran pernapasan atau paru-paru yang ikut dikeluarkan melalui batuk.

Darah yang keluar melalui batuk bisa berupa bercak darah, lendir darah atau volume darah yang lebih banyak. Kondisi ini biasanya menunjukkan adanya peradangan atau kerusakan jaringan di paru-paru.

 

Penyebab Batuk Disertai Darah

Selama ini yang diketahui orang, batuk disertai darah adalah batuk karena tuberculosis (TB). Namun, sebenarnya batuk disertai darah bisa disebabkan oleh banyak hal, di antaranya:

  • Bronkitis akut maupun kronis
  • Kanker paru-paru
  • Fibrosis kistik
  • Pneumonia
  • Tuberculosis
  • Penyakit paru obstruktif kronis (PPOK)
  • Gagal jantung kongestif terutama karena stenosis mitral
  • Batuk terus-menerus yang menyebabkan iritasi di tenggorokan
  • Masuknya darah ke tenggorokan saat mimisan
  • Penggunaan kokain
  • Adanya benda asing di saluran pernapasan
  • Kondisi peradangan karena autoimun
  • Infeksi parasit di saluran pernapasan
  • Malformasi arteriovenosa paru (AVMs)
  • Emboli paru
  • Cedera akibat luka tembak atau kecelakaan mobil
  • Konsumsi obat pengencer darah
  • Endometriosis
  • Sindrom Hughes Stovin
  • Sarkoidosis

 

Baca Juga: Ciri-Ciri Batuk Alergi

 

Apa yang Sebaiknya Dilakukan bila Batuk Disertai Darah?

Batuk disertai darah bisa jadi sesuatu yang tidak berbahaya. Namun, Anda tetap harus memeriksakan diri ke rumah sakit terdekat, khususnya bila batuk disertai demam, nyeri dada, keringat di malam hari, sesak napas, penurunan berat badan yang tidak disengaja, pusing, adanya darah saat buang air besar. Tetap tenang dan lakukan beberapa hal berikut ini:

  • Tidak mengonsumsi obat apa pun sebelum berkonsultasi dengan dokter
  • Mencatat gejala dan riwayat batuk termasuk frekuensi batuk, volume darah, warna darah dan gejala lain yang mungkin ada
  • Menghindari mengeluarkan dahak secara berlebihan yang dapat memperburuk perdarahan atau menyebabkan iritasi lebih lanjut

 

Baca Juga: Perbedaan Batuk TB dan Batuk Biasa

 

Bisakah Batuk Disertai Darah Disembuhkan?

Sangat penting untuk mengetahui apa penyebab batuk disertai darah. Mengetahui penyebabnya dapat membantu dokter untuk memberikan pengobatan yang tepat.

Untuk itu, sebaiknya Anda mendapatkan pemeriksaan terlebih dahulu seperti rontgen, CT scan, bronkoskopi, tes darah lengkap, tes urine, tes koagulasi, dan jenis tes lain yang disarankan oleh dokter.

Setelah penyebab batuk dengan darah diidentifikasi, langkah-langkah pengobatan yang sesuai akan ditentukan. Pengobatan mungkin berbeda tergantung pada apakah itu disebabkan oleh infeksi paru-paru, tuberkulosis, bronkitis, atau kondisi lainnya.

Dokter mungkin meresepkan obat untuk mengobati infeksi, mengurangi peradangan, atau memperlancar saluran pernapasan, tergantung pada kondisi yang mendasarinya. Selama pemulihan, istirahat yang cukup dan perawatan suportif lainnya dapat membantu proses penyembuhan.

 

Batuk disertai darah harus ditangani oleh dokter. Jangan mencoba mengobati sendiri atau mengabaikan gejala ini. Segera periksakan diri ke dokter bila menyadari adanya batuk disertai darah atau manfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store atau Play Store.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Jumat, 4 Agustus 2023 | 03:56

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Coughing Up Blood. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/17696-coughing-up-blood 

Matthew Hoffman, MD (2022). Hemoptysis (Coughing Up Blood). Available from: https://www.webmd.com/lung/coughing-up-blood 

Lynne Eldridge, MD (2023). Why Am I Coughing Up Blood?. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/coughing-up-blood-possible-causes-2249394 

NHS Inform (2022). Pneumonia. Available from: https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/lungs-and-airways/pneumonia 

Medline Plus (2022). Tuberculosis. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/tuberculosis.html 

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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new990μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 2 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.63msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6405 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6405
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.57msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7730 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7730
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3637 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7600
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.79msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9843 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9843
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.32msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9694 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9694
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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