Bagaimana Hidup Hanya dengan Satu Ginjal Saja?

Bagaimana Hidup Hanya dengan Satu Ginjal Saja?
Ilustrasi satu ginjal. Credits: Freepik.

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Ginjal adalah organ yang berada di bagian belakang perut, tepat di bawah tulang rusuk. Organ ini memiliki bentuk mirip dengan kacang dengan ukuran sekitar sebesar kepalan tangan.

Ginjal memiliki struktur yang cukup kompleks dan peran yang sangat penting. Kerusakan pada ginjal dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan seperti penumpukan cairan dan pembengkakan di tubuh, peningkatan tekanan darah, gangguan elektrolit, anemia, masalah kesehatan tulang, dan ketidakseimbangan asam basa. Hal-hal ini dapat memengaruhi fungsi organ lain di dalam tubuh.

 

Bisakah Hidup dengan Satu Ginjal Saja?

Umumnya setiap manusia memiliki dua ginjal yang sama-sama berfungsi menyaring darah dan mengeluarkan urine dari tubuh. Walaupun hanya memiliki satu ginjal saja, Anda masih tetap bisa hidup. Syaratnya, ginjal yang Anda miliki berfungsi dengan baik dan bisa menjalankan tugas sebagaimana yang dilakukan oleh dua ginjal. Penting bagi Anda untuk melindungi satu ginjal yang tersisa agar ginjal tetap bisa berfungsi dengan baik.

Ada beberapa kondisi di mana memungkinkan Anda hidup hanya dengan satu ginjal, di antaranya:

Donor ginjal

Individu yang mendonorkan ginjal untuk transplantasi ginjal biasanya hidup dengan satu ginjal melalui prosedur nefrektomi. Bagi pendonor, prosedur ini dilakukan untuk mengangkat satu ginjal yang sehat, lalu ginjal tersebut diberikan kepada orang lain yang membutuhkan transplantasi ginjal. Orang yang mendonorkan ginjalnya biasanya tetap bisa menjalani hidup yang normal dengan satu ginjal yang tersisa.

Penyakit ginjal

Beberapa orang mungkin harus menjalani pengangkatan satu ginjal karena adanya penyakit atau kondisi kesehatan tertentu, misalnya  karena tumor pada ginjal.

Agenesis ginjal

Agenesis ginjal adalah kondisi bawaan lahir di mana bayi terlahir dengan satu ginjal atau tanpa ginjal sama sekali. Anak yang memiliki satu ginjal masih bisa hidup normal, namun di kemudian hari berisiko memiliki masalah kesehatan seperti tekanan darah tinggi atau penyakit ginjal. Sementara itu, janin yang tidak memiliki ginjal umumnya tidak bisa bertahan di luar kandungan.

Baca Juga: Mengenal 5 Stadium Gagal Ginjal

 

Cara Hidup Sehat dengan Satu Ginjal

Ginjal adalah organ yang penting untuk keberlangsungan hidup kita. Anda masih bisa menjalani hidup dengan normal hanya dengan satu ginjal. Namun, ada kemungkinan masalah kesehatan untuk muncul dalam jangka panjang, yang membuat individu yang memiliki satu ginjal untuk mendapat pemantauan dan terapi khusus.

Memiliki hanya satu ginjal artinya Anda perlu memberikan perhatian ekstra pada kesehatan dan mempraktikkan kebiasaan hidup sehat, di antaranya:

  • Mengonsumsi makanan dengan diet seimbang dan membatasi asupan makanan tinggi garam
  • Berolahraga secara teratur untuk membantu meningkatkan kesehatan jantung dan sirkulasi darah
  • Menjaga berat badan yang sehat dengan mengadopsi pola makan seimbang dan aktivitas fisik
  • Minum cukup air seperti yang direkomendasikan oleh dokter untuk mendukung fungsi ginjal dan mencegah dehidrasi
  • Membatasi konsumsi alkohol
  • Mengontrol kadar gula darah dengan baik melalui diet dan gaya hidup sehat
  • Berhenti merokok karena merokok dapat merusak pembuluh darah dan memengaruhi kesehatan ginjal
  • Menjalani pemeriksaan rutin untuk memantau fungsi ginjal dan mendeteksi dini masalah kesehatan yang mungkin dialami
  • Menghindari penggunaan obat-obatan yang dapat merusak ginjal
  • Beristirahat cukup untuk mendukung pemulihan tubuh dan kesehatan secara keseluruhan
  • Menghindari stres 

Baca Juga: Rekomendasi Makanan untuk Memelihara Kesehatan Ginjal

 

Kapan Harus Mengunjungi Dokter?

Orang yang hidup dengan satu ginjal perlu mendapatkan pemeriksaan ginjal setidaknya setahun sekali. Mereka juga perlu menjalani tes untuk mengevaluasi fungsi ginjal, di antaranya:

  • Tes GFR (Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus) untuk mengetahui seberapa baik ginjal dalam menyaring darah
  • Tes kreatinin untuk menghitung tingkat kreatinin dalam darah
  • Tes kadar protein dalam urine
  • Pemeriksaan tekanan darah

Mengingat tekanan darah tinggi dapat memengaruhi kesehatan ginjal, sangat penting untuk mengukur dan memantau tekanan darah secara teratur. Anda perlu segera berkonsultasi kembali dengan dokter apabila memiliki tekanan darah yang tinggi.

Bagi orang yang hidup dengan satu ginjal, juga perlu menghindari olahraga tertentu yang berisiko menyebabkan cedera ginjal. Konsultasikan dengan dokter jenis olahraga, durasi berolahraga, dan waktu berolahraga yang aman bila memiliki hanya satu ginjal.

Anda bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Selasa, 26 Maret 2024 | 08:47

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Kidney. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21824-kidney 

National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (2018). Your Kidneys & How They Work. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/kidneys-how-they-work 

Healthline (2020). Living with One Kidney: What to Know. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/can-you-live-with-one-kidney 

Sally Robertson, B.Sc. (2022). Living with One Kidney. Available from: https://www.news-medical.net/health/Living-with-One-Kidney.aspx 

Cleveland Clinic (2021). Nephrectomy. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21515-nephrectomy 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Renal Agenesis. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24161-renal-agenesis 

Medline Plus (2023). Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Test. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/glomerular-filtration-rate-gfr-test/ 

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      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.76msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 873 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 873
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 6315
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8744
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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