Dipyridamole

Dipyridamole
Credit: Pharmacodel. Pada kehamilan, dipyridamole termasuk ke dalam kategori keamanan B menurut FDA.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Persantin, Vasotin dan Vasokor.

 

Cara Kerja

Dipyridamole adalah obat antiplatelet, yaitu obat yang bekerja dengan cara menghambat trombosit (keping darah) untuk saling menempel dan membentuk bekuan darah. Obat ini akan menghambat pergerakan trombosit ke lokasi tubuh yang mengalami luka, sehingga pembentukan bekuan darah juga dihambat.

Dipyridamole juga memiliki kemampuan untuk merangsang pelepasan senyawa prostasiklin yang berperan dalam pelebaran pembuluh darah koroner jantung.

 

Indikasi

Obat ini dapat digunakan untuk tujuan berikut, antara lain:

  • Untuk mencegah terbentuknya bekuan darah pada pembuluh darah tubuh setelah menjalani operasi penggantian katup jantung.
  • Persiapan pemeriksaan pencitraan perfusi otot jantung.
  • Pencegahan kejadian serangan stroke di kemudian hari.

 

Kontraindikasi

Orang-orang dengan riwayat alergi berat atau hipersensitivitas terhadap dipyridamole tidak boleh mendapat obat ini. Dipyridamole juga tidak boleh diberikan pada pasien dengan kadar trombosit yang rendah (trombositopenia).

Selain kedua kondisi di atas, terdapat beberapa kondisi medis dan tujuan tertentu yang perlu mendapat perhatian khusus ketika memakai dipyridamole, yaitu:

  • Menderita tekanan darah rendah.
  • Riwayat serangan jantung baru-baru ini.
  • Gangguan hati.
  • Sedang dalam pengobatan dengan obat pengencer darah (antikoagulan) atau antiplatelet lain.
  • Ibu hamil dan menyusui.

 

Efek Samping

Terdapat beberapa efek samping yang bisa muncul dari penggunaan obat ini yaitu:

  • Nyeri kepala
  • Pusing
  • Mual
  • Muntah
  • Diare
  • Nyeri pada otot
  • Tekanan darah rendah
  • Detak jantung cepat
  • Nyeri dada
  • Kemerahan kulit
  • Bengkak

Terdapat juga efek samping fatal yang dapat terjadi seperti irama jantung tidak beraturan, detak jantung meningkat sangat cepat, nadi yang tidak teraba sampai henti jantung. Kondisi ini memerlukan pengobatan medis segera. 

 

Sediaan

Obat ini tersedia dalam bentuk:

  • Tablet 25 mg, 50 mg dan 75 mg.
  • Obat cairan suntik 5 mg/mL.

 

Dosis

Dosis dipyridamole bervariasi sesuai dengan tujuan pengobatan. Dosis di bawah merujuk pada pasien dewasa.

 

Pencegahan terjadinya bekuan darah pasca operasi penggantian katup jantung

Dosis tablet minum sebesar 300-600 mg per hari yang diberikan dalam 3-4 dosis terbagi. Dipyridamole bisa diberikan bersama obat pengencer darah lain.

 

Pencegahan terjadinya stroke berulang

Dosis obat minum 200 mg yang diminum 2 kali sehari.

 

Prosedur pencitraan otot jantung

Obat diberikan dalam pemeriksaan radio nuklir. Cairan injeksi dengan dosis 0,142 mg/kg berat badan pasien per menit diberikan selama 4 menit bersama zat thallium-201.

 

Keamanan

Pada kehamilan, dipyridamole termasuk ke dalam kategori keamanan B menurut FDA. Hal ini berarti obat dipyridamole yang diteliti pada hewan uji coba tidak menimbulkan risiko berbahaya pada janin. Namun belum ada penelitian yang memadai pada ibu hamil mengenai risiko yang dapat terjadi pada janin. Obat ini dapat masuk ke dalam ASI. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan obat ini pada ibu hamil dan menyusui perlu dipantau.

 

Interaksi Obat

Interaksi dipyridamole dengan beberapa obat lainnya dapat menyebabkan beberapa efek seperti di bawah ini:

  • Interaksi dengan obat jantung adenosine dapat meningkatkan kadar dipyridamole dalam darah, sehingga kemungkinan terjadinya efek samping terhadap jantung juga akan meningkat.
  • Meningkatkan terjadinya efek samping tekanan darah rendah jika digunakan bersama obat antihipertensi (penurun tekanan darah).
  • Dapat menurunkan efektivitas obat leukemia (fludarabine).
  • Dapat menghambat penyerapan obat lambung (antasid).

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Luluk Ummaimah A
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 19:34

Conor, CK., Shivaraj, N. (2022). Dipyridamole (p. A single page). StatPearls Publishing. From https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554455/

Jessica, CL., Hasan, A. (2022). Pregnancy Medication (p. A single page). StatPearls Publishing. From https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507858/

Dipyridamole  – Mims Indonesia. (2022). Retrieved 6 August 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/dipyridamole?mtype=generic

Dipyridamole (Oral Route, Injection Route)  - Mayo Clinic. Mayoclinic.org. (2021). Retrieved 6 August 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/dipyridamole-oral-route-intravenous-route/description/drg-20063475

Dipyridamole - MedlinePlus. (2021). Retrieved 6 August 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682830.html

Dipyridamole-Uses,Side effect and More – WebMD. (2022). Retrieved 6 Ausgust 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-13524/dipyridamole-oral/details

Persantine - Rxlist. (2021). Retrieved 6 August 2022, from https://www.rxlist.com/persantine-drug.htm#indications

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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