Siproheptadin (Cyproheptadine)

Siproheptadin (Cyproheptadine)
Credit: Cleveland Clinic.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Nama dagang dari obat ini yang terdapat di pasaran adalah:

  • Heptasan
  • Alphahist
  • Apeton
  • Ennamax
  • Lexahist
  • Poncohist
  • Prohessen
  • Pronicy

 

Cara Kerja

Cyproheptadine atau siproheptadin adalah obat antialergi. Mekanisme kerja obat ini dengan menghambat pelepasan dari senyawa kimia alami histamin dan serotonin yang dihasilkan saat terjadi reaksi alergi. Sehingga gejala alergi yang ditimbulkan oleh senyawa histamin dapat mereda.

 

Indikasi

Obat ini digunakan untuk meringankan gejala reaksi alergi seperti mata berair, hidung gatal, bersin, pilek, gatal pada mata dan mata merah. Selain itu, untuk reaksi alergi yang terjadi pada kulit akibat gigitan serangga dengan gejala kulit kemerahan, gatal dan bengkak.

 

Kontraindikasi

Terdapat beberapa kondisi medis yang menjadi kontraindikasi dari penggunaan obat ini yaitu:

  • Jika Anda mengalami penyakit mata seperti glaukoma tertutup
  • Anda sedang menderita luka (ulkus) dan sumbatan pada lambung
  • Pembesaran pada kelenjar prostat dan sumbatan pada saluran kemih sehingga urin tidak dapat keluar
  • Sedang menjalani pengobatan serangan asma
  • Pada bayi baru lahir dan bayi prematur

 

Efek Samping

Anda dapat mengalami efek samping yang sering terjadi setelah menggunakan obat ini seperti:

  • Menimbulkan rasa kantuk dan pusing
  • Kering pada mulut, hidung dan tenggorokan
  • Sembelit (konstipasi)
  • Pandangan kabur
  • Timbul perasaan gelisah atau terlalu bersemangat

Terdapat juga efek samping serius dari obat yang harus Anda perhatikan yaitu:

  • Kejang
  • Anggota gerak mengalami tremor
  • Kebingungan
  • Halusinasi
  • Urin sedikit atau tidak ada sama sekali
  • Urin berwarna gelap
  • Jantung berdetak cepat dan kencang
  • Memar atau mudah berdarah pada bagian tubuh
  • Telinga berdenging
  • Demam dan lemas

 

Sediaan

Obat ini tersedia dalam bentuk tablet dan kaplet 4 mg

 

Dosis

Dosis obat bergantung dengan usia, berikut ini adalah dosis cyproheptadin untuk kondisi alergi:

  • Dewasa, dosis awal 4 mg diminum 3 kali sehari. Dosis dapat dinaikkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Dengan rentang dosis efektif yaitu 4-20 mg perhari yang dibagi menjadi beberapa dosis. Dosis maksimal 32 mg perhari
  • Anak usia 2-6 tahun, dosis dimulai dari 2 mg 2-3 kali sehari, dosis dapat ditingkatkan sesuai dengan berat badan dan respon pasien. Dengan maksimal dosis harian 12 mg.
  • Anak usia 7-14 tahun, dosis obat sebesar 4 mg diminum 2-3 kali sehari, jika dibutuhkan dosis dapat ditingkatkan, dengan dosis maksimal 16 mg dalam sehari.

 

Keamanan

Penggunaan obat ini pada kehamilan masuk kategori B. Obat ini tidak menimbulkan dampak buruk terhadap janin saat dilakukan penelitian pada hewan percobaan. Namun penelitian secara langsung pada ibu hamil tidak dilakukan. Keamanan obat ini pada ibu menyusui belum diketahui. Penggunaan obat ini pada ibu hamil dan menyusui harus dengan resep dan pengawasan dokter.

 

Interaksi Obat

  • Penggunaan bersama obat yang menurunkan kesadaran seperti obat sedatif, hipnotik, tranquilizer dan obat anticemas dapat menimbulkan efek ketergantungan.
  • Interaksi dengan obat antidepresi golongan SSRI seperti fluvoksamin dan fluoksetin dapat mengganggu efektivitas obat tersebut. Sehingga dapat menimulkan gejala depresi tetap ada dan kejadian depresi dapat berulang.
  • Jika digunakan bersama obat antidepresi golongan MAOIs (isocarboxazide, selegiline) dapat meningkatkan terjadinya efek samping penggunaan cyproheptadine.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Luluk Ummaimah A
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 21:13

Cyproheptadine – Mims Indonesia. (2022). Retrieved 25 June 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/cyproheptadine?mtype=generic

Cyproheptadine HCL – WebMD. (2022). Retrieved 25 June 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-8879/cyproheptadine-oral/details

Cyproheptadine – drugs.com. (2021). Retrieved 25 June 2022, from https://www.drugs.com/mtm/cyproheptadine.html

Cyproheptadine – Medline Plus. (2022). Retrieved 25 June 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682541.html

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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.1msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 555 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 555
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.06msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7253 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7253
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.27msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2397 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2397
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.64msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1143 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1143
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.84msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8503 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8503
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 4227
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.57msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4144 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4144
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.32msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3022 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3022
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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