Vitamin D is crucial for the healthy growth of children, particularly for strong bones and a robust immune system. It can be obtained through various sources, such as sunlight, food, and supplements.
When children lack sufficient vitamin D, it can lead to various health problems, both in the short and long term. Learn about the effects of vitamin D deficiency in children and how much they need.
Impact Of Vitamin D Deficiency In Children
Some children may have vitamin D deficiency due to living in areas with limited sunlight, spending too much time indoors, being born prematurely, or not consuming enough foods rich in vitamin D.
Vitamin D deficiency in children can cause the following negative effects:
Impaired bone growth
A major impact of vitamin D deficiency is impaired bone growth. Vitamin D aids in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, which are essential for bone formation and strength.
Without enough vitamin D, the body struggles to absorb these minerals efficiently, leading to conditions like rickets, where bones become soft and brittle.
Compromised immune system
Children deficient in vitamin D often have a weaker immune system, making them more prone to infections. This deficiency raises the risk of respiratory infections such as colds and pneumonia, while also worsening chronic conditions like asthma.
Increased risk of chronic diseases
Vitamin D deficiency in childhood can increase the likelihood of developing chronic illnesses later in life, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic disorders.
Cognitive development issues
Research suggests that vitamin D is vital for brain development and cognitive function. Children with low vitamin D levels tend to score lower on IQ tests and may face learning difficulties.
Children's Vitamin D Requirements
Vitamin D needs vary according to age. Below are the recommended daily intake levels for children:
- Infants 0-12 months: 400 IU per day
- Children aged 1-18 years: 600 IU per day
Breastfed infants may require vitamin D supplements since breast milk usually doesn’t provide enough vitamin D. On the other hand, formula-fed infants who drink vitamin D-fortified formula may not need additional supplements.
Vitamin D is found in foods like fatty fish, liver, egg yolks, and dairy products. Children can also get it by spending time outdoors in direct sunlight.
If their intake from food and sunlight is insufficient, vitamin D supplements can help meet daily requirements. Consult a doctor to determine if your child needs vitamin D supplements and the appropriate dosage.
You can also use the Ai Care health consultation service, available for download via the App Store or Play Store.
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- dr Hanifa Rahma
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Antonio Corsello, et all (2023). Vitamin D in pediatric age: Current evidence, recommendations, and misunderstandings. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10060648/
Childrens.com. What parents should know about vitamin D for kids. Available from: https://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/what-parents-should-know-about-vitamin-d-and-kids
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (2021). Vitamin D Supplements: What Parents Should Know. Available from: https://www.chop.edu/news/health-tip/vitamin-d-supplements-what-parents-should-know
Medline Plus (2024). Vitamin D. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/vitamind.html
Mayo Clinic (2021). Rickets. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rickets/symptoms-causes/syc-20351943
