Keratitis

Keratitis

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Definisi

Keratitis merupakan kondisi peradangan pada kornea mata. Kornea adalah selaput bening yang melapisi bagian terluar mata. Kornea berfungsi untuk melindungi mata dari debu, kuman, dan partikel lain yang dapat melukai mata, serta dapat memfokuskan cahaya yang masuk ke mata. Apabila struktur kornea terganggu akibat luka atau infeksi, maka fungsi tersebut juga akan terganggu.

Belum terdapat data spesifik mengenai keratitis di Indonesia, tetapi penyakit ini berkontribusi sebesar 10% pada gangguan penglihatan. Di India, diperkirakan kurang lebih 2 juta individu mengalami keratitis yang berkembang menjadi ulkus kornea tiap tahunnya.

 

Penyebab

Keratitis dapat disebabkan oleh penyebab infeksi atau di luar infeksi. Keratitis yang disebabkan oleh infeksi biasanya diakibatkan oleh bakteri, virus, jamur, dan parasit. Sedangkan, keratitis non-infeksi disebabkan karena penggunaan lensa kontak atau adanya partikel asing yang masuk ke mata.

Berikut ini penjelasan lebih lanjut mengenai penyebab keratitis:

Keratitis Infeksi

  1. Infeksi Bakteri: Bakteri yang sering menyebabkan keratitis, di antaranya S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa. Selain itu, beberapa bakteri dengan kemungkinan gejala yang lebih berat juga dapat menyebabkan keratitis, di antaranya N. gonorrhea, N. meningitidis, C. diphtheriae, H. Influenza.  
  2. Infeksi Virus: Virus Herpes Simpleks (HSV) tipe 1 merupakan virus yang sering menyebabkan keratitis. Sedangkan, HSV tipe 2 jarang menginfeksi mata. Virus lainnya yang dapat menginfeksi mata adalah virus varicella-zoster penyebab herpes zoster.
  3. Infeksi Jamur: Paling sering disebabkan jamur tipe ragi (Candida) atau kapang (Aspergillus).
  4. Infeksi Parasit: Acanthamoeba merupakan jenis parasit yang sering menyebabkan keratitis. Parasit ini hidup di berbagai tempat, termasuk tanah, air tawar, laut, dan saluran pernapasan. Risiko infeksi parasit ini juga meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan penggunaan lensa kontak terutama bila kebersihannya tidak terjaga dengan baik.

 

Keratitis Non-Infeksi

Penyebab tersering dari keratitis yang bukan disebabkan oleh infeksi adalah adanya cedera pada kornea mata. Cedera bisa terjadi akibat goresan atau trauma yang menyebabkan peradangan. Cedera pada kornea juga dapat berujung pada infeksi kuman dikarenakan goresan pada kornea membuat kuman masuk ke dalam mata.

Beberapa kondisi lain yang dapat menyebabkan keratitis, di antaranya:

  • Pemakaian lensa kontak yang tidak benar
  • Paparan sinar matahari secara berlebihan, kondisi ini dinamakan dengan fotokeratitis
  • Sistem daya tahan tubuh lemah
  • Kekurangan vitamin A
  • Penyakit mata kering (dry eye)

 

Faktor Risiko

Meski keratitis dapat menyerang siapa saja, akan tetapi terdapat beberapa kondisi di mana seseorang lebih berisiko terkena keratitis. Faktor risiko yang menyebabkan keratitis dapat dibagi sesuai dengan penyebab keratitis, di antaranya:

Keratitis Bakteri

  • Penggunaan lensa kontak terlalu lama, saat tidur, atau berenang
  • Adanya cedera pada kornea mata, termasuk riwayat bedah seperti LASIK
  • Penyakit pada kelopak mata atau di luar bola mata, seperti blefaritis, mata kering, trikiasis, dan entropion
  • Penyakit yang menyebabkan daya tahan tubuh menurun, diabetes, serta kekurangan vitamin A

Keratitis Jamur

  • Riwayat penggunaan obat mata jenis kortikosteroid jangka panjang
  • Riwayat penyakit yang menurunkan daya tahan tubuh
  • Adanya cedera pada mata yang diakibatkan goresan tumbuh-tumbuhan atau peralatan pertanian/agrikultur
  • Adanya penyakit pada permukaan bola mata
  • Riwayat penggunaan lensa kontak yang kurang baik atau tidak bersih

Keratitis Virus

Pada keratitis yang disebabkan oleh virus, risiko dapat meningkat apabila terdapat kondisi yang menyebabkan daya tahan tubuh menurun. Kondisi tersebut misalnya adanya penyakit tertentu yang menyerang sistem daya tahan tubuh, kurangnya nutrisi  bahkan gizi buruk, serta adanya penyakit mata alergi.

Keratitis Parasit/Ameba

Parasit yang biasanya menyebabkan keratitis dapat hidup di tanah dan air. Oleh karena itu, risiko akan meningkat bila terdapat kontaminasi parasit, misalnya dari air yang digunakan. Salah satu faktor yang dapat menyebabkan hal tersebut adalah kurang menjaga kebersihan lensa kontak, misalnya tidak membersihkan lensa kontak setelah dipakai dan membersihkan lensa kontak dengan air keran.

 

Gejala

Biasanya, keratitis hanya muncul di salah satu mata. Namun, dapat pula terjadi pada kedua mata. Beberapa gejala berikut dapat muncul, yaitu:

  • Mata merah
  • Mata nyeri
  • Mata berair atau adanya kotoran mata yang berlebihan
  • Sulit membuka mata karena nyeri atau radang
  • Penglihatan kabur atau tidak fokus
  • Silau terhadap cahaya
  • Adanya rasa mengganjal pada mata

 

Diagnosis

Dokter akan memeriksa Anda secara menyeluruh sebelum mendiagnosis keratitis. Pemeriksaan riwayat gejala dan kesehatan diperlukan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko dan kemungkinan penyebab. Setelah itu, dokter akan memeriksa mata Anda untuk mengetahui tanda dan tingkat keparahannya. Pemeriksaan fisik mata dapat dilakukan dengan memeriksa struktur mata, tajam penglihatan, serta menggunakan slit lamp

Pemeriksaan laboratorium seperti pemeriksaan cairan atau jaringan bola mata dapat dilakukan bila perlu. Pemeriksaan tersebut bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab keratitis. Selain itu, pemeriksaan tersebut juga bertujuan untuk menentukan metode pengobatan yang tepat.

 

Tata Laksana

Pengobatan keratitis tergantung pada penyebab dan tingkat keparahannya. Pada keratitis yang bukan disebabkan infeksi dan gejala ringan, hanya dibutuhkan tetes mata air mata buatan (artificial tears). Gejala akan berkurang dan menghilang dengan sendirinya. Namun, bila gejala menetap lebih dari 24 jam, maka diperlukan obat tetes mata khusus yang memerlukan resep dokter.

Sedangkan, keratitis yang disebabkan oleh infeksi memerlukan beberapa pengobatan yang spesifik sesuai dengan penyebab, yaitu:

  1. Keratitis bakteri: Pada gejala ringan dapat diobati dengan tetes mata antibiotik, sedangkan pada gejala sedang hingga berat mungkin memerlukan antibiotik minum
  2. Keratitis jamur: Diperlukan antijamur tetes mata atau obat minum
  3. Keratitis virus: Tetes mata antivirus dan obat minum biasanya diperlukan. Selain itu, pasien juga dapat diberikan tetes mata artificial tears
  4. Keratitis parasit: Keratitis yang disebabkan oleh acanthamoeba lebih sulit diatasi. Antibiotik tetes mata dapat diberikan, tetapi pada beberapa kasus ditemukan parasit yang tidak berespon dengan antibiotik tertentu. Pada kasus yang lebih berat, dibutuhkan transplantasi kornea.

 

Komplikasi

Keratitis memerlukan pengobatan dengan cepat dan tepat. Bila kondisi ini tidak ditangani dengan baik, beberapa komplikasi dapat terjadi, seperti:

  • Adanya peradangan dan jaringan parut pada kornea mata
  • Adanya infeksi virus berulang pada kornea mata
  • Adanya luka terbuka atau ulkus kornea
  • Gangguan penglihatan yang menetap
  • Kebutaan

 

Pencegahan

Secara umum, keratitis dapat dicegah dengan menjaga kebersihan dan kesehatan mata, serta mencegah terjadinya cedera pada mata. Salah satu hal yang terpenting untuk mencegah terjadinya infeksi tersebut adalah dengan perawatan lensa kontak dengan benar, seperti:

  • Melepas lensa kontak sebelum tidur
  • Jangan menggunakan lensa kontak saat berenang
  • Cuci, bersihkan, dan keringkan tangan sebelum menyentuh lensa kontak
  • Menggunakan produk pembersih khusus untuk lensa kontak
  • Mengganti lensa kontak secara teratur sesuai petunjuk penggunaan yang tertera pada kemasan atau bila lensa kontak rusak

Selain itu, pencegahan infeksi virus secara umum juga perlu dilakukan. Misalnya, apabila Anda mengalami infeksi virus seperti cacar atau herpes, hindari menyentuh mata atau area kelopak mata kecuali telah mencuci tangan. Gunakan tetes mata yang telah diresepkan oleh dokter, jangan gunakan sembarangan. Mencuci tangan secara rutin dengan air mengalir dan sabun atau hand sanitizer untuk mencegah penularan virus.

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Keratitis merupakan suatu penyakit yang memerlukan penanganan langsung oleh dokter. Apabila Anda mengalami tanda dan gejala yang mengarah ke keratitis, maka direkomendasikan untuk menemui dokter mata secara langsung. Keratitis perlu mendapatkan penanganan segera, dikarenakan adanya keterlambatan dalam pengobatan dapat menimbulkan komplikasi yang serius, bahkan kebutaan.

 

Mau tahu lebih lanjut seputar penyakit-penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya! 

 

 

Writer : Editor AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Ayu Munawaroh, MKK
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Minggu, 20 Maret 2022 | 08:15

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Riordan-Eva P, Augsburger JJ. Vaughan & Asbury’s General Ophthalmology. 19th ed. New York: McGraw Hill;2018.

Mayo Clinic. Keratitis. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/keratitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20374110.

Singh P, Gupta A, Tripathy K. Keratitis (2021). Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559014/.

Austin A, Lietman T, Rose-Nussbaumer J. Update on the Management of Infectious Keratitis. Ophthalmology:124(11);2017.p.1678-89.

American Optometric Association. Keratitis. Available from: https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/keratitis?sso=y.

Langmaid S. What is keratitis? (2021). Available from: https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/keratitis-facts.

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      Bindings
      • 0: penyakit-a-z
      • 1: obat-a-z
      • 2: pemeriksaan-a-z
      • 3: 0
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
      Backtrace
      • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:740
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#748aicare_prod_new1.89msselect `healthpedia`.*, `healthpedia_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `healthpedia_post`.`healthpedia_id` as `pivot_healthpedia_id`, `healthpedia_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `healthpedia_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `healthpedia` inner join `healthpedia_post` on `healthpedia`.`id` = `healthpedia_post`.`healthpedia_id` where `healthpedia_post`.`post_id` = 1673 and `healthpedia`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1673
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:748
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#751aicare_prod_new790μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 7 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 7
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:751
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#779aicare_prod_new9msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 522 where `id` = 1673
      Bindings
      • 0: 522
      • 1: 1673
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:779
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new9.24msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 1673, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-05-04 19:09:56', '2025-05-04 19:09:56')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 1673
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-05-04 19:09:56
      • 8: 2025-05-04 19:09:56
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:779
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new800μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 15 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 15
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.21msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8964 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8964
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.97msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5176 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5176
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.62msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9708 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9708
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.04msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3106 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3106
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.89msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3949 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3949
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.84msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 361 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 361
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.91msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7160 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7160
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.84msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1734 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1734
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.89msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1746 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1746
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.75msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1788 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1788
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.57msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2116 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2116
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new1.07msselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new850μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new1.39msselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    149Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    21Category.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    4Tag.php#?
    App\User
    3User.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        jSevTNUsKm1bgD9HxlJhI1wrLCnenKTJNLY4p2tf
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/kelainan-mata/keratitis" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /kelainan-mata/keratitis
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.147.83.234" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.147.83.234" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
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