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  • Jarang Disadari, Ayah Juga dapat Mengalami Depresi Pasca-melahirkan

Jarang Disadari, Ayah Juga dapat Mengalami Depresi Pasca-melahirkan

Jarang Disadari, Ayah Juga dapat Mengalami Depresi Pasca-melahirkan

Bagikan :


Kelahiran buah hati tentunya membawa kebahagiaan tak ternilai bagi ayah dan ibu. Namun dii balik kebahagiaan atas kehadiran si kecil, merawat bayi baru lahir ternyata bukan perkara mudah. Masa-masa adaptasi pada peran baru sebagai orang tua ternyata dapat memicu depresi pasca-melahirkan bukan hanya pada ibu namun juga pada ayah.

 

Depresi pascamelahirkan pada ayah

Selama ini, depresi pascamelahirkan sering dianggap hanya bisa dialami oleh ibu. Ibu kadang harus terjaga tengah malam untuk menyusui sehingga sering merasa kelelahan dan memicu depresi. Nyatanya, tanpa disadari depresi pasca-melahirkan juga bisa dialami ayah.

Sebuah penelitian yang diterbitkan oleh Journal of the American Medical Association menyatakan bahwa 10% ayah di dunia mengalami depresi baik pada sebelum atau setelah kelahiran si kecil. Sama halnya dengan depresi pasca-melahirkan pada ibu, depresi ini dapat berlangsung hingga berbulan-bulan setelah kelahiran bayi. Hanya saja, depresi pasca-melahirkan pada ayah sangat jarang untuk dibicarakan.

 

Tanda Depresi pasca-melahirkan pada ayah

Sebuah studi menyatakan bahwa selama kehamilan dan setelah melahirkan, hormon ayah juga ikut berubah namun hingga kini belum dapat diketahui pasti penyebabnya. Pada ayah, hormon testosteron menurun, sedangkan estrogen, prolaktin dan kortisol meningkat. Kondisi ini sering dianggap sebagai stres atau gangguan emosi biasa sehingga banyak pria tidak menyadari kondisi sebenarnya dari depresi pasca-melahirkan ini.

Beberapa tanda depresi pasca-melahirakan pada ayah di antaranya:

  • Sedih dan mudah marah
  • Merasa mudah putus asa
  • Kehilangan gairah seksual
  • Menarik diri dengan keluarga dan teman-teman
  • Menyibukkan diri dengan hal lain selain keluarga
  • Menghabiskan waktu lebih banyak di tempat kerja
  • Mengembangkan kebiasaan buruk seperti minum alkohol dan perilaku kekerasan
  • Mudah merasa lelah

Selain faktor perubahan hormon, beberapa faktor risiko seperti faktor lingkungan, faktor ekonomi dan komunikasi dengan pasangan dan keluarga juga dapat menjadi pemicu munculnya depresi pasca-melahirkan pada ayah.

 

Cara mengatasi Depresi pasca-melahirkan pada ayah

Pada beberapa kasus, depresi pasca-melahirkan pada ayah lebih sulit dikenali karena munculnya stigma pada masyarakat bahwa sosok ayah atau laki-laki harus menjadi sosok yang yang tenang dan mengayomi. Akibatnya para pria lebih suka memendam perasaannya daripada membicarakannya. Maka ketika ayah merasakan kecemasan dan perubahan sikap di luar kendali mereka cenderung tidak mau mencari bantuan profesional. Sedangkan pada perempuan cenderung lebih mudah berbagi perasaan sehingga lebih mudah mendapatkan bantuan.

Penanganan depresi pascamelahirkan akan lebih mudah jika ayah bersedia membicarakan mengenai apa yang dirasakan tanpa khawatir dianggap lemah atau tidak berdaya. Beberapa cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengatasi depresi setelah menjadi orang tua di antaranya:

1. Bicarakan dengan pasangan dan orang terdekat

Ketika ayah menyadari ada masalah emosional yang dirasakan, segera bicarakan dengan pasangan dan orang terdekat yang dipercaya. Berbagi cerita dapat membuat perasaan ayah lebih tenang dan mengurangi beban yang dirasakan.

2. Bicarakan dengan profesional

Selain bicara dengan orang terdekat, ayah juga bisa meminta bantuan psikolog atau psikiater untuk membicarakan masalah emosi yang dialami. Jika diperlukan, dokter akan meresepkan obat-obatan untuk mengurangi kecemasan. Semakin cepat penanganan depresi, proses penyembuhan akan lebih cepat.

3. Memperbaiki gaya hidup

Beberapa cara yang bisa dilakukan untuk menangani depresi di antaranya mulai dengan hidup lebih sehat seperti mengurangi begadang, makan makanan dengan gizi seimbang, mulai berolahraga dan menjauhi alkohol.

 

Penyesuaian dengan peran baru sebagai orang tua membutuhkan waktu untuk adaptasi dan prosesnya terkadang tidak mudah. Jangan ragu untuk meminta bantuan profesional untuk mengatasi masalah yang dialami agar mendapat penanganan yang tepat.

 

Writer: Ratih

Edited by: dr. Anita Larasati Priyono

Last updated: 9-July-2021

 

Sumber:

  1. Cleveland Clinic. Yes, Postpartum Depression in Men Is Very Real. 2019. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/yes-postpartum-depression-in-men-is-very-real/
  2. Rosen MD, Kelly D. Why We Need to Talk More About Male Postpartum Depression. 2020. https://www.parents.com/parenting/dads/sad-dads/
  3. Sundström Poromaa I, Comasco E, Georgakis MK, Skalkidou A. Sex differences in depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period. J Neurosci Res. 2017 Jan 2;95(1-2):719-730. doi: 10.1002/jnr.23859. PMID: 27870443; PMCID: PMC5129485.
  4. Scarff JR. Postpartum Depression in Men. Innov Clin Neurosci. 2019 May 1;16(5-6):11-14. PMID: 31440396; PMCID: PMC6659987.
  5. Pérez C F, Brahm M P. Depresión posparto en padres: ¿por qué también es importante? [Paternal postpartum depression: Why is it also important?]. Rev Chil Pediatr. 2017;88(5):582-585. Spanish. doi: 10.4067/S0370-41062017000500002. PMID: 29546941.
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.91msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9602 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 9602
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.99msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5958 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.07msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6472 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.76msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 10077 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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