Leukemia pada Anak

Leukemia pada Anak
Ada beberapa jenis leukemia yang bisa ditemukan pada anak.

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Definisi

Leukemia pada anak adalah kanker darah dan menjadi jenis kanker tersering yang ditemukan pada anak-anak. Pada leukemia, kanker bermula dari sel yang akan berkembang menjadi berbagai macam sel darah. Sel kanker pada leukemia paling sering bermula dari bentuk awal sel darah putih.

Leukemia adalah jenis kanker yang paling banyak diderita anak-anak, sekitar satu dari tiga anak penderita kanker ditemukan menderita leukemia. ada berbagai jenis leukemia, dibedakan berdasarkan kecepatan tumbuhnya kanker serta di sel mana leukemia pertama kali bermula.

 

Leukemia akut

Kebanyakan leukemia pada anak bersifat akut, di mana sel kanker berkembang dengan cepat. Tipe utama dari leukemia akut adalah:

  • Leukemia limfositik akut (LLA)

Sekitar 3 dari 4 anak dengan leukemia pada anak menderita jenis leukemia ini. Sebagian besar pasien berusia sekitar 2-4 tahun. Mutasi sel awalnya terjadi pada bentuk awal sel darah putih yang disebut limfosit.

  • Leukemia myeloid akut (LMA)

LMA menjadi jenis leukemia terbanyak kedua yang ditemukan pada anak. LMA berasal dari sel myeloid yang normalnya membentuk sel darah putih (selain limfosit), sel darah merah, atau keping darah

  • Leukemia akut fenotip campuran (MPAL)

Sangat jarang sekali, leukemia akut memiliki ciri yang serupa dengan jenis leukemia ALL dan AML.

 

Leukemia kronis

Leukemia kronis jarang terjadi pada anak. Jenis leukemia ini cenderung tumbuh lebih lambat dibandingkan leukemia akut, namun juga lebih sulit untuk disembuhkan. Leukemia kronis dapat dibedakan menjadi 2 jenis utama, yaitu:

  • Leukemia myeloid kronis (CML)

Pada leukemia kronis, sel tidak matur atau berkembang sepenuhnya. Sel darah putih tidak melawan infeksi sebaik sel darah putih yang normal. Keganasan bermula dari sel myeloid, yaitu sel yang akan menjadi sel darah putih. Leukemia kronis memerlukan waktu lama sebelum menyebabkan masalah, dan lebih sulit diobati dibandingkan leukemia akut.

  • Leukemia limfositik kronis (CLL)

Pada jenis leukemia ini, terjadi mutasi pada sel yang akan berkembang menjadi limfosit, sejenis sel darah putih yang berperan untuk melawan infeksi. Jenis leukemia kronis berkembang lebih lama dibandingkan dengan jenis leukemia lainnya.

 

Penyebab

Ada beberapa jenis sel darah yang perlu diketahui, yaitu:

  • Sel darah merah (eritrosit), berperan untuk membawa oksigen dari udara yang kita hirup ke seluruh jaringan.
  • Sel darah putih (leukosit), untuk melawan infeksi dan penyakit lain di tubuh.
  • Keping darah (trombosit), berfungsi untuk membantu penggumpalan darah dan menghentikan perdarahan.

Seperti kanker pada umumnya, terjadi mutasi atau perubahan pada DNA (materi genetik) di dalam sel sumsum tulang normal, yang membuat sel terus berkembang tidak terkendali dan menjadi sel leukemia. Sel kanker tumbuh di sumsum tulang yang membuat sel darah, membuat sumsum tulang memproduksi sel darah yang abnormal dan tidak sehat. Sel-sel abnormal ini terus bereproduksi dengan sangat cepat dan mendesak sel-sel darah yang sehat.

Perubahan gen yang terjadi bisa diturunkan dari orang tua ke anak, atau dapat terjadi secara spontan pada anak jika sel di dalam tubuh membuat kesalahan saat pembelahan sel. Namun, kebanyakan leukemia pada anak tidak disebabkan oleh mutasi yang diturunkan dalam keularga.

Beberapa mutasi gen dapat terjadi secara dini, bahkan sebelum persalinan. Pada kasus yang jarang, mutasi gen bisa disebabkan oleh paparan terhadap radiasi atau bahan kimia yang menyebabkan kanker, walaupun kebanyakan terjadi tanpa sebab yang jelas.

 

Faktor Risiko

Penyebab pasti dari banyak kasus leukemia pada anak masih belum diketahui. Kebanyakan anak dengan leukemia tidak memiliki faktor risiko yang diketahui. Namun, beberapa faktor di bawah bisa meningkatkan risiko anak mengalami leukemia, yaitu:

 

Faktor Genetik

Meskipun banyak kasus leukemia tidak berhubungan dengan penyakit genetik yang sudah diketahui, faktor genetik bisa meningkatkan risiko anak mengalami leukemia. Sindrom bawaan lahir, gangguan kekebalan tubuh yang diturunkan dalam keluarga, atau bila anak memiliki saudara kandung maupun kembar dengan leukemia, bisa meningkatkan risiko anak mengalami leukemia.

 

Faktor Lingkungan

Faktor dari lingkungan yang bisa meningkatkan risiko terjadinya keganasan pada anak adalah paparan radiasi dan zat kimia. Selain itu, anak yang menjalani terapi intensif untuk menekan sistem kekebalan tubuh (terutama anak yang menjalani tranpslantasi organ) juga dapat mengalami peningkatan risiko leukemia.

 

Gejala

Seiring sel kanker menumpuk di sumsum tulang, sel darah yang normal akan semakin terdesak. Karena produksi sel darah yang sehat menjadi sedikit, akibatnya anak mungkin tidak memiliki sel darah merah, sel darah putih, dan keping darah dalam jumlah yang cukup. Sel kanker pada leukemia juga dapat menginvasi area tubuh lainnya dan menimbulkan berbagai macam keluhan.

Gejala yang timbul akan sesuai dengan rendahnya jenis sel darah pada anak. Bila kadar sel darah merahnya rendah, anak bisa mengalami keluhan anemia seperti lelah, lemah, kedinginan, pusing atau melayang, sesak napas, dan kulit pucat.

Sementara itu, kurangnya sel darah putih yang berperan dalam sistem kekebalan tubuh bisa membuat anak mengalami infeksi yang tidak kunjung sembuh, atau sering mengalami infeksi. Anak juga dapat mengalami demam. Lalu jika kadar keping darah rendah, gejala seperti mudah memar dan berdarah, sering mimisan atau gusi berdarah bisa dialami oleh anak.

Gejala lain yang bisa timbul pada pasien leukemia adalah:

  • Nyeri sendi atau tulang.
  • Pembengkakan pada perut.
  • Nafsu makan turun dan penurunan berat badan.
  • Pembesaran kelenjar getah bening.
  • Pembengkakan pada wajah dan lengan.
  • Nyeri kepala, kejang, muntah.
  • Kelalahan atau kelemahan yang berat.

 

Diagnosis

Jika anak Anda memiliki tanda dan gejala yang mengarah ke leukemia, dokter akan menanyakan riwayat medis dengan detail untuk mempelajari gejalanya dan berapa lama anak Anda sudah mengalaminya. Dokter juga akan bertanya mengenai paparan terhadap faktor risiko. Riwayat penyakit pada keluarga seperti kanker juga bisa ditanyakan.

Saat pemeriksaan fisik, dokter akan mencari adanya pembesaran kelenjar getah bening dan organ dalam, pendarahan atau memar, atau tanda infeksi. Pemeriksaan fisik akan dilakukan menyeluruh di seluruh tubuh.

Pemeriksaan penunjang memiliki peran penting dalam diagnosis kanker. Dokter bisa menyarankan pemeriksaan berikut:

  • Pemeriksaan darah

Pemeriksaan pertama yang dilakukan untuk mendeteksi leukemia adalah pemeriksaan darah. Hitung darah dan apusan darah adalah tes yang biasanya digunakan.

  • Aspirasi dan biopsi sumsum tulang
    • Aspirasi sumsum tulang dilakukan dengan memasukan jarum halus ke tulang untuk mengambil sejumlah kecil cairan di sumsum tulang.
    • Biopsi sumsum tulang biasanya dilakukan setelah aspirasi. Sampel kecil dari sumsum tulang akan diambil dengan jarum yang berukuran sedikit lebih besar.
  • Pungsi lumbal

Pemeriksaan ini digunakan untuk mencari sel leukemia pada cairan otak. Jarum kecil akan dimasukan di antara tulang belakang untuk menarik cairan tersebut.

  • Flow cytometry dan imunohistokimia

Pemeriksaan ini digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan sel leukemia berdasarkan dengan protein tertentu pada sel. Tes ini sangat berguna untuk menentukan tipe dan subtipe leukemia, serta respon penyakit terhadap pengobatan yang diberikan.

  • Pemeriksaan kromosom

Pemeriksaan ini bermanfaat untuk melihat adanya perubahan pada kromosom anak yang dapat membantu menentukan tipe leukemia dan respon terhadap pengobatan.

 

Tata Laksana

Pengobatan spesifik untuk leukemia pada anak akan ditentukan berdasarkan:

  • Usia, kesehatan, dan riwayat medis anak.
  • Jenis leukemia dan faktor lainnya seperti perubahan kromosom pada sel leukemia.
  • Tingkat keparahan penyakit.
  • Toleransi anak terhadap obat, prosedur, dan pengobatan tertentu.
  • Pendapat atau preferensi pengobatan dari orang tua.

Pengobatan biasanya dimulai dnegan mengatasi gejala. Selain itu, pengobatan untuk leukemia dapat meliputi:

  • Kemoterapi
  • Terapi radiasi
  • Transplantasi sumsum tulang atau transplantasi sel punca
  • Terapi target
  • Prosedur operasi (jarang)
  • Obat-obatan untuk mencegah atau mengatasi kerusakan pada sistem tubuh lain yang disebabkan oleh terapi leukemia
  • Obat untuk mengatasi efek samping dari pengobatan
  • Transfusi darah
  • Antibiotik untuk mencegah atau menangani infeksi

 

Komplikasi

Komplikasi leukemia yang mungkin terjadi dapat meliputi:

  • Infeksi serius
  • Perdarahan berat
  • Darah mengental akibat sel leukemia yang banyak

Komplikasi jangka panjang leukemia atau terapinya dapat meliputi:

  • Kekambuhan kanker
  • Munculnya kanker lain
  • Gangguan jantung dan paru
  • Gangguan belajar
  • Keterlambatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan
  • Gangguan pada fungsi reproduksi
  • Gangguan tulang seperti pengeroposan tulang

 

Pencegahan

Tidak ada cara yang diketahui dapat mencegah kanker pada anak-anak. Kebanyakan pasien leukemia anak tidak memiliki faktor risiko yang diketahui, sehingga tidak ada cara pasti untuk mencegah leukemia.

Beberapa leukemia disebabkan oleh terapi kanker dengan radiasi dan kemoterapi, atau akibat penggunaan obat penekan sistem imun untuk menghindari penolakan terhadap organ transplan. Dokter masih mencari cara untuk mengobati pasien dengan kanker dan transplantasi organ tanpa meningkatkan risiko leukemia.

Pada beberapa orang, mungkin mereka memerlukan pemeriksaan x-ray atau CT scan semasa hamil. Umumnya kadar radiasi yang digunakan jauh lebih rendah daripada yang digunakan untuk terapi. Jika terdapat peningkatan risiko akibat pemeriksaan ini, risiko radiasi sangatlah kecil. Namun agar lebih aman, kebanyakan dokter merekomendasikan wanita hamil dan anak untuk tidak menjalani pemeriksaan pencitraan kecuali benar-benar dibutuhkan.

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Jika anak Anda mengalami gejala tersebut, penting untuk membawa anak ke dokter agar kondisi anak bisa diobati segera. Harapan hidup anak akan lebih panjang bila mendapat pengobatan sejak dini.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Tea Karina Sudharso
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Kamis, 6 Juni 2024 | 04:36

Leukemia in children (no date) American Cancer Society. Available at: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/leukemia-in-children.html (Accessed: March 20, 2023). 

The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (2014) Pediatric leukemiasChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia. The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Available at: https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/pediatric-leukemias (Accessed: March 20, 2023). 

Cedars Sinai. Leukemia in Children. Available at: https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions---pediatrics/l/leukemia-in-children.html (Accessed: March 20, 2023). 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#1386aicare_prod_new12.96msselect `posts`.*, `post_tag`.`tag_id` as `pivot_tag_id`, `post_tag`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id` from `posts` inner join `post_tag` on `posts`.`id` = `post_tag`.`post_id` where `post_tag`.`tag_id` = 4248 and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4248
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#1386aicare_prod_new12.66msselect `posts`.*, `post_tag`.`tag_id` as `pivot_tag_id`, `post_tag`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id` from `posts` inner join `post_tag` on `posts`.`id` = `post_tag`.`post_id` where `post_tag`.`tag_id` = 4314 and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4314
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#1386aicare_prod_new13.14msselect `posts`.*, `post_tag`.`tag_id` as `pivot_tag_id`, `post_tag`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id` from `posts` inner join `post_tag` on `posts`.`id` = `post_tag`.`post_id` where `post_tag`.`tag_id` = 4340 and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4340
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • CategoryHealtTopics.php#11aicare_prod_new850μsselect * from `categories` where (`slug` != 'penyakit-a-z' and `slug` != 'obat-a-z' and `slug` != 'pemeriksaan-a-z' and `parent_id` = '0') and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null order by `order` asc
      Bindings
      • 0: penyakit-a-z
      • 1: obat-a-z
      • 2: pemeriksaan-a-z
      • 3: 0
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
      Backtrace
      • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:376
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new142msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-06 22:33:21' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-06 22:33:21
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new7.44msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 864 where `id` = 6764
      Bindings
      • 0: 864
      • 1: 6764
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new5.42msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 6764, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-06 22:33:21', '2025-04-06 22:33:21')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 6764
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-06 22:33:21
      • 8: 2025-04-06 22:33:21
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new930μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 31 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 31
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.41msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4840 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4840
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9343 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9343
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7829 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7829
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.9msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5152 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5152
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.02msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3925 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3925
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.24msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2649 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2649
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.32msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 587 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 587
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new1.1msselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 2 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 2
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.26msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2142 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2142
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.94msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4469 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4469
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.6msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4524 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4524
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.13msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2805 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2805
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.21msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3145 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3145
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new1.12msselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new830μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new1.41msselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    90Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    22Category.php#?
    App\User
    4User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    4Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        XN5lqZEoftDZALDQqgIROB4Mcb84VnREFwpZ5mgm
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/leukemia-pada-anak" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/leukemia-pada-anak
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.224.64.19" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.224.64.19" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
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