Amiodarone

Amiodarone

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Azoran, Cordarone, Cortifib, Kendaron, Lamda, Rexidron, Tiaryt.

 

Cara Kerja

Amiodarone termasuk dalam kelas obat yang disebut antiaritmia, digunakan untuk mengobati gangguan irama jantung. Amiodarone bekerja dengan cara memblokir sinyal listrik tertentu di jantung yang dapat menyebabkan detak jantung menjadi tidak teratur.

 

Indikasi

Amiodarone digunakan untuk mengobati dan mencegah beberapa jenis gangguan irama pada bilik (ventrikel) dan serambi (atrikel) jantung. Obat ini khususnya diberikan pada gangguan irama yang bersifat serius serta mengancam jiwa, ketika obat lain tidak membantu atau tidak dapat ditoleransi oleh pasien. Obat ini digunakan di bawah pengawasan dokter spesialis jantung.

 

Kontraindikasi

  • Riwayat alergi amiodarone sebelumnya
  • Ibu hamil dan menyusui
  • Berusia >65 tahun
  • Pasien dengan kondisi medis berikut:
    • Penyakit hati
    • Penyakit paru-paru
    • Gangguan tiroid
    • Sinus bradikardi (irama jantung yang lebih lambat dari batas normal)
    • Tekanan darah rendah, dll.

 

Efek Samping

Bisa tampak efek samping seperti mual, muntah, sembelit, atau tremor (kontraksi otot yang tidak bisa dikendalikan). Dapat terjadi efek samping yang serius yang perlu tata laksana dari dokter segera, yaitu:

  • Mudah memar/berdarah
  • Gangguan koordinasi
  • Gerakan yang tidak terkontrol
  • Gangguan penglihatan
  • Kaki atau tangan menjadi lemah, kebas, atau nyeri
  • Muncul gejala baru atau terjadi perburukan gejala pada jantung (seperti sesak napas, penurunan tekanan darah, denyut jantung melambat, dll.)
  • Gangguan hati atau liver
  • Efusi pleura (penumpukan cairan di rongga pleura)
  • Reaksi alergi berat seperti sindrom steven johnson

 

Sediaan

Amiodarone tersedia dalam bentuk tablet 200 mg dan obat suntik dalam sediaan ampul 150 mg/3 ml.

 

Dosis

Gangguan irama jantung pada bilik dan serambi jantung (aritmia supraventrikular, aritmia ventrikular)

Dewasa:

  • Dosis awal 5 mg/kg melalui infus selama 20-120 menit, infus dapat diulang hingga 1.200 mg (kira-kira 15 mg/kg) per 24 jam, dengan kecepatan infus disesuaikan berdasarkan respons klinis
  • Kasus darurat:
    • 150-300 mg melalui suntikan lambat selama 3 menit, dapat diulang setidaknya 15 menit setelah dosis pertama
  • Sebagai obat minum:
    • Dosis awal 200 mg tiga kali sehari selama 1 minggu kemudian dikurangi menjadi 200 mg dua kali sehari selama seminggu
    • Dosis pemantauan: 200 mg setiap hari berdasarkan respon pasien

Lansia:

  • Gunakan dosis minimal baik untuk pemberian obat suntik ataupun obat minum

 

Keamanan

Hindari paparan sinar matahari dan gunakan pakaian pelindung, kacamata hitam, dan tabir surya. Amiodarone dapat membuat kulit Anda sensitif terhadap sinar matahari.

Amiodarone juga dapat menyebabkan masalah penglihatan termasuk kebutaan permanen. Pastikan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan mata secara teratur selama perawatan Anda dan hubungi dokter Anda jika Anda memiliki keluhan pada mata atau penglihatan Anda.

Amiodarone dapat bertahan di dalam tubuh Anda selama beberapa bulan bahkan setelah Anda berhenti meminumnya. Anda mungkin akan terus mengalami efek samping amiodarone selama waktu ini. Pastikan untuk memberi tahu dokter jika Anda baru saja berhenti minum amiodarone.

 

Interaksi Obat

Peningkatan gelombang QT 

Amiodarone dapat menyebabkan pemanjangan interval gelombang QT (gangguan pada ritme jantung yang menyebabkan detak jantung menjadi cepat dan tidak beraturan). Istilah ini didasarkan pada gambaran rekam listrik jantung (EKG) yang menunjukkan pemanjangan interval QT. Interaksi obat ini bisa terjadi bila amiodarone diberikan bersama dengan obat:

  • Antibiotik golongan fluorokuinolon
  • Obat antipsikotik untuk menangani gejala halusinasi atau delusi pada gangguan mental seperti skizofrenia, misalnya klorpromazin, thioridazine, fluphenazine
  • Obat untuk gangguan mood atau suasana hati yaitu lithium
  • Obat untuk gangguan depresi atau ansietas golongan TCA (misalnya doxepin, maprotiline, amitriptyline)

 

Memperlama pengeluaran amiodarone dari tubuh

Obat lain dapat memengaruhi pengeluaran amiodaron dari tubuh Anda, yang dapat memengaruhi efek amiodaron. Contohnya termasuk:

  • Antijamur golongan azol (seperti itraconazole)
  • Cimetidine untuk menghambat produksi asam lambung
  • Obat yang dapat diberikan pada pasien HIV seperti cobicistat, saquinavir
  • Antibiotik rifamycins (seperti rifampin)

 

Writer : dr David Wiliam
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Rabu, 9 Maret 2022 | 04:54

Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional BPOM. Amiodaron Hidroklorida. Pionas.pom.go.id. Retrieved 3 March 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/amiodaron-hidroklorida

MIMS Indonesia. Amiodarone. Mims.com. Retrieved 3 March 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/amiodarone?mtype=generic

Medlineplus. Amiodarone. Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 3 March 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a687009.html

Web MD. Amiodarone HCL – Uses, Side Effects, and More. Webmd.com. Retrieved 3 March, from https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-4521/amiodarone-oral/details

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  • warninglog[16:25:15] LOG.warning: str_contains(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is d...
  • warninglog[16:25:15] LOG.warning: str_contains(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is d...
  • infolog[16:25:15] LOG.info: Attempting to authenticate with: { "username": "administrator", "url": ...
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      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.81msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6585 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.58msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4105 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4105
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.78msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2951 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2951
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.55msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4703 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4703
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.67msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4064 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4064
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.66msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5751 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.67msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6407 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6407
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.79msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4734 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4734
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.2msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4416 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4416
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.31msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3958 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3958
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
    22Category.php#?
    App\User
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\Admin\Healthpedia
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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