Mengenal Sindrom Sundown di Usia Lansia

Mengenal Sindrom Sundown di Usia Lansia
Ilustrasi lansia. Credits: Freepik

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Sindrom Sundown atau sering disebut sundowning adalah kondisi yang sering dialami oleh lansia. Sindrom ini lebih umum dialami terutama pada mereka yang menderita demensia atau alzheimer.

Fenomena ini sering kali membingungkan keluarga atau orang yang merawat, karena perilaku orang tersebut cenderung normal di pagi dan siang hari, kemudian berubah drastis di sore hari. Untuk memahami lebih lanjut mengenai sindrom sundown, simak artikel berikut ini.

 

Apa itu Sindrom Sundown?

Sindrom sundown atau sundowning adalah istilah yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan gangguan perilaku pada lansia, terutama mereka yang mengalami alzheimer atau demensia. Gangguan perilaku ini sering kali dimulai dan memburuk di sore atau malam hari, walaupun bisa muncul sepanjang hari.

Lansia yang mengalami sindrom ini menunjukkan tanda-tanda kebingungan, gelisah, dan perubahan suasana hati yang signifikan.

Baca Juga: Manfaat Pound Fit untuk Lansia dan Tips Mengikutinya

 

Gejala Sindrom Sundown

Gejala yang dialami lansia dengan sindrom sundown secara umum sebagai berikut:

  • Meningkatnya kebingungan seperti tidak mengenali lingkungan atau orang-orang di sekitarnya
  • Gelisah, terus bergerak, dan bahkan berkeliaran tanpa arah yang jelas
  • Mengalami perubahan suasana hati seperi marah, frustrasi, atau sedih secara tiba-tiba
  • Menjadi lebih agresif secara verbal atau fisik
  • Pada kondisi yang lebih parah dapat mengalami halusinasi atau melihat, merasakan, dan mendengar hal-hal yang tidak nyata

 

Penyebab Sindrom Sundown

Penyebab pasti sindrom sundown tidak diketahui. Dokter meyakini bahwa ini mungkin terkait dengan berbagai faktor, di antaranya:

  • Kelelahan yang menumpuk yang dapat memperburuk gejala
  • Berkurangnya cahaya alami saat sore atau malam hari yang dapat menyebabkan disorientasi
  • Perubahan ritme tidur-bangun yang memengaruhi fungsi otak dan perilaku
  • Kegiatan yang terlalu banyak yang memicu stres dan memperburuk gejala
  • Faktor-faktor lain seperti suara bising, suhu yang terlalu dingin atau terlalu panas, atau terlalu banyak stimulus yang memicu kecemasan

Baca Juga: Tips Mengurangi Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia

 

Apa yang Harus Dilakukan untuk Menghadapi Sindrom Sundown

Tidak ada obat khusus yang dapat mengatasi sindrom sundown, namun ada beberapa hal yang bisa dilakukan untuk membantu mengelola gejala dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup penderita, di antaranya:

  • Meningkatkan paparan cahaya alami di pagi dan siang hari
  • Menerapkan rutinitas yang konsisten termasuk waktu tidur, waktu makan, waktu bangun tidur, yang dapat membantu lansia merasa lebih nyaman
  • Menciptakan lingkungan yang tenang dan bebas dari gangguan termasuk suara berisik
  • Menggunakan lampu dengan cahaya yang terang tetapi tidak menyilaukan
  • Melibatkan lansia dalam aktivitas ringan seperti jalan kaki atau permainan memori

 

Sindrom sundown bisa menjadi tantangan yang besar, baik bagi penderitanya maupun keluarga atau orang yang merawat. Jangan ragu untuk mencari pertolongan profesional atau berkonsultasi dengan dokter. Anda juga bisa melakukan konsultasi melalui layanan kesehatan Ai Care yang dapat diunduh di App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainya? Cek di sini, yah!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Kamis, 17 Oktober 2024 | 14:34

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Sundown Syndrome. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/22840-sundown-syndrome 

Stephanie Watson, et all (2024). How to Effectively Manage Sundowning. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/alzheimers/manage-sundowning 

Alzheimer Society (2021). Sundowning and dementia. Available from: https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/symptoms-and-diagnosis/symptoms/sundowning 

Dementia UK (2023). Sundowning (changes in behaviour at dusk). Available from: https://www.dementiauk.org/information-and-support/health-advice/sundowning/ 

National Institute on Aging (2024). Coping With Agitation, Aggression, and Sundowning in Alzheimer's Disease. Available from: https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-changes-behavior-and-communication/coping-agitation-aggression-and-sundowning 

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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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