Since it first appeared in 2019, COVID-19 has remained a worldwide threat. The virus continues to evolve into new variants, including alpha, delta, omicron, omicron BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, and the later BA.5.

Thankfully, safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines are available for children, adults, and older people. Like other vaccines, the COVID-19 vaccine helps prevent infection and lowers the risk of severe illness if infection occurs.

Benefits of the COVID-19 Vaccine for Children and Adolescents

Children and teenagers face the same risk of COVID-19 infection as adults. They can develop both short-term and long-term symptoms, and they can pass the virus to others.

Individuals with compromised immune systems can experience more severe symptoms and diseases, especially if they have asthma, diabetes, obesity, sickle cell disease, or chronic lung problems. Without vaccinations, they may need intensive hospital care and more complex treatment.

COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for children 6 months and older. Many clinical trials and studies have evaluated safety in children. Research shows several advantages, including:

• Reducing COVID-19 spread among children at home and at school, including protection against omicron, which spreads more easily.

   

• Helping protect children from infection so they can return to in-person learning, which is often more effective than online classes.

   

• Allowing children to resume outdoor activities and travel with their families, while still following health protocols.

   

• Providing short-term protection and supporting longer-term protection against COVID-19 complications.

   

• Helping protect older relatives or family members with medical conditions who may not be able to receive vaccination.

At What Age Can Children Start Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine?

The US FDA and CDC advise COVID-19 vaccination for everyone starting at 6 months of age, with booster doses for those 5 years and older.

Studies show that children 6 months to 4 years can receive Pfizer or Moderna doses that offer meaningful protection against COVID-19.

In Indonesia, children aged 6 to 11 years can receive Sinovac for the first and second doses. Those aged 12 to 17 years may receive Sinovac or Pfizer.

Is Any Preparation Needed Before Children Get the COVID-19 Vaccine?

No special preparation is required before vaccination. As with other vaccines, make sure your child is well, free of fever, has slept 8 to 10 hours, and has eaten breakfast.

If your child has other medical conditions, speak with a doctor first, and ensure all regular medicines are taken before going to the vaccination site.

After vaccination, mild effects such as low-grade fever or body aches can occur. You may give a pain reliever or fever reducer if advised, and make sure your child rests well afterward.

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